编辑“︁C/2022 E3 (ZTF)”︁

{{NoteTA
|G1 = Unit
|G2 = Astronomy
}}
{{Infobox Comet
| name           = C/2022 E3 (ZTF)
| image          = Comet_2023.01.27_C-22-E3-ZTF_500_F5.jpg
| image_size     = 260px
| caption        = 2023年1月27日的C/2022 E3 (ZTF)。 
| discoverer     = {{link-en|茲維奇瞬態設施|Zwicky Transient Facility}} 
| discovery_date = 2022年3月2日<ref name=MPEC2022-F13/>
| designations   = 
| epoch          =
| obs_arc        = 298日
| orbit          = [[周期彗星列表|長週期彗星]]
| eccentricity   = 1.00002（日心曆元2495）<ref name="heliocentric2495"/><br>0.999992（質心曆元2050）<ref name=barycenter/>
| inclination    = 109.17°
| aphelion       = ≈2800 AU（質心[[曆元]]1950）<ref name=barycenter/>
| period         = ≈50,000 [[儒略年|yr]]（入境）<ref name=barycenter>{{cite web
  |author=[[噴氣推進實驗室線上曆書系統|Horizons]] output
  |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272022+E3%27&TABLE_TYPE=%27ELEMENTS%27&START_TIME=%271950-01-01%27&STOP_TIME=%272050-01-01%27&STEP_SIZE=%27100%20years%27&CENTER=%27@0%27&OUT_UNITS=%27AU-D%27
  |title=Barycentric Osculating Orbital Elements for Comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF)
  |accessdate=2022-08-24
  |archive-date=2023-01-15
  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115060513/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272022+E3%27&TABLE_TYPE=%27ELEMENTS%27&START_TIME=%271950-01-01%27&STOP_TIME=%272050-01-01%27&STEP_SIZE=%27100%20years%27&CENTER=%27@0%27&OUT_UNITS=%27AU-D%27
  |dead-url=no
  }} (Solution using the Solar System's [[质心 (天文学)|barycenter]] (Sun+Jupiter). Select Ephemeris Type:Elements and Center:@0) Epoch 1950 has PR= 1.887E+07 / 365.25 = 51700 years</ref><br/>逐出或數百萬年（離境）
| node           = 302.55°
| b_period       =
| perihelion     = 1.112 AU<ref name=jpldata/>
| peri           = 145.82°
| Earth_moid     = {{convert|0.220|AU|e6km|abbr=unit}}<ref name=jpldata>{{Cite web
  |title=JPL Small-Body Database Browser: C/2022 E3
  |publisher=JPL
  |url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html#/?sstr=2022E3&view=OPC
  |archive-url=https://archive.today/20230119175843/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/tools/sbdb_lookup.html%23/?sstr=2022E3&view=OPC
  |archive-date=2023-01-19
  |url-status=live
  |access-date=2022-08-24}}</ref>
| Jupiter_moid   = {{convert|1.743|AU|e6km|abbr=unit}}
| last_p         =  2023年1月12日<ref name=jpldata/>
| M1             = {{val|10.4|0.6}}<ref name=jpldata/>
}}

'''C/2022 E3 (ZTF)'''是[[奥尔特云]]的一颗[[长周期彗星]]，于2022年3月2日由{{tsl|en|Zwicky Transient Facility|茲維奇瞬態設施}}发现<ref name=MPEC2022-F13/>。因其[[彗核]]内部的[[双原子碳]]和[[氰]]在太阳光作用下产生一圈明亮的绿色光圈，故又被称为'''绿色彗星'''<ref>{{Cite web |last=Georgiou |first=Aristos |date=2023-01-10 |title=What makes the green comet green? |url=https://www.newsweek.com/green-comet-appear-february-night-sky-never-return-earth-1772429 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230125114911/https://www.newsweek.com/green-comet-appear-february-night-sky-never-return-earth-1772429 |archive-date=2023-01-25 |access-date=2023-01-25 |website=Newsweek |language=en}}</ref><ref name="UT" />。

按照彗星的命名系统，绿色彗星的正式名称以C开头，代表其不属于[[周期彗星列表|周期性彗星]]。C后面的“2022&nbsp;E3”代表2022年3月上半期发现的第三颗彗星<ref name=UT>{{Cite web |title=A rare green comet is becoming visible in northern skies. How to see it without a telescope. |url=https://www.usatoday.com/in-depth/graphics/2023/01/15/green-comet-what-it-is-how-to-see-it/11039033002/ |access-date=2023-02-02 |website=www.usatoday.com |language=en |archive-date=2023-01-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230115110818/https://www.usatoday.com/in-depth/graphics/2023/01/15/green-comet-what-it-is-how-to-see-it/11039033002/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

C/2022 E3的彗核长约1千米，每8.7个小时旋转一周<ref name="UT" /><ref>{{cite web |title=ATel #15879: Rotation period of comet C/2022 E3 ZTF from CN morphology |url=https://www.astronomerstelegram.org/?read=15879 |website=The Astronomer's Telegram |date=2023-01-30 |access-date=2023-02-02 |archive-date=2023-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230201063601/https://www.astronomerstelegram.org/?read=15879 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。由尘土和气体构成的[[彗尾]]绵延数百万英里，构成2022年1月第三个可见的[[彗翎]]<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-01 |title=Understanding the Tails of Comet ZTF (C/2022 E3) |url=https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/understanding-the-tails-of-comet-ztf-c-2022-e3/ |access-date=2023-02-02 |website=Sky & Telescope |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-02-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230202122609/https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/understanding-the-tails-of-comet-ztf-c-2022-e3/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

C/2022 E3於2023年1月12日到達[[近日點]]，距離{{convert|1.11|AU|e6km e6mi|abbr=unit|lk=off}}，最接近地球的時間是2023年2月1日，距離 {{convert|0.28|AU|e6km e6mi|abbr=unit|lk=off}}。這顆彗星比6星等更亮，在足夠黑暗的天空下，用[[肉眼]]模糊可見為小的漫射污跡，但大多數民眾仍需要雙筒望遠鏡才能辨識<ref name="S&T20230116" /><ref name="NYT-20230120">{{cite news |last=Hall |first=Shannon |title=How to Watch the ‘Green Comet’ in Night Skies |url=https://www.nytimes.com/article/green-comet-watch.html |date=2023-01-20 |work=[[纽约时报|The New York Times]] |accessdate=2023-01-21 |archive-date=2023-01-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230120224641/https://www.nytimes.com/article/green-comet-watch.html |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mack |first1=Eric |title=Bright Green Comet Passing Earth Is Visible Now in Dark Skies |url=https://www.cnet.com/science/space/bright-green-comet-passing-earth-is-visible-now-in-dark-skies/ |website=CNET |date=2023-01-23 |access-date=2023-01-24 |language=en |archive-date=2023-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230123224309/https://www.cnet.com/science/space/bright-green-comet-passing-earth-is-visible-now-in-dark-skies/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

== 觀測史 ==
C/2022 E3 (ZTF)是天文學家布萊斯·博林（Bryce Bolin）和弗蘭克·馬西（Frank Masci）於{{link-en|茲維奇瞬態設施|Zwicky Transient Facility}}在2022年3月2日的調查資料中發現的<ref name=MPEC2022-F13 />。發現時，這顆彗星的[[視星等]]為17.3等，距離太陽大約{{convert|4.3|AU|e6km e6mi|abbr=unit|lk=on}}。該物體最初被認為是一顆小行星，但隨後的觀測顯示它有一個非常凝聚的[[彗髮]]，表明它是一顆彗星<ref name=MPEC2022-F13/><ref name="未命名-20231105163413">{{cite web |title=Electronic Telegram No. 5111- COMET C/2022 E3 (ZTF) |url=http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iau/cbet/005100/CBET005111.txt |publisher=Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams |date=2022-03-21 |access-date=2022-08-24 |archive-date=2022-09-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220917133936/http://www.cbat.eps.harvard.edu/iau/cbet/005100/CBET005111.txt |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

[[File:Light C-2022 E3 120.0s Bin1 ISO800 20230120-035939 0008-5.jpg|alt=亨利·扎魯爾（Henry zarour）拍攝的C/2022 E3|thumb|225x225px|C 2022 E3]]
 
到2022年11月初，這顆彗星已經亮到10星等，並且平行於地球在[[北冕座]]和[[蛇夫座]]中緩慢移動<ref name="未命名_2-20231105163413">{{cite web |last1=Ratcliffe |first1=Martin |last2=Ling |first2=Alister |title=Sky This Month: November 2022 |url=https://astronomy.com/magazine/sky-this-month/2022/11/sky-this-month-november-2022 |date=2022-11-01 |website=Astronomy.com |access-date=2022-11-04 |language=en |archive-date=2022-11-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221110001211/https://astronomy.com/magazine/sky-this-month/2022/11/sky-this-month-november-2022 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。這顆彗星表現出綠色的彗髮和淡黃色的塵埃尾與微弱的離子尾。這顆彗星在11月初於傍晚時分可見，並在11月底開始在早晨的天空中可見<ref name="sneakpeektwocomets"/>。到12月19日，這顆彗星已經發展出綠色的彗髮，短而寬的塵埃尾巴和長而微弱的離子尾巴，橫跨2.5度長的視野<ref>{{cite web |title=Comet 2022 E3 (ZTF) {{!}} Science Mission Directorate |url=https://science.nasa.gov/comet-2022-e3-ztf |website=science.nasa.gov |date=2022-12-24 |access-date=2022-12-31 |archive-date=2022-12-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221230232904/https://science.nasa.gov/comet-2022-e3-ztf |dead-url=no }}</ref>。在那之後，彗星開始向北移動，經過[[牧夫座]]、[[天龍座]]和[[小熊座]]，在約10度以內掠過[[北極星]]<ref name="sneakpeektwocomets" />。

這顆彗星於2023年1月12日到達近日點，距離為{{convert|1.11|AU|e6km e6mi|abbr=unit|lk=off}}，最接近地球的時間是2023年2月1日，距離為{{convert|0.28|AU|e6km e6mi|abbr=unit|lk=off}}。這顆彗星將變得比6星等更亮，因此在足夠黑暗的天空用[[肉眼]]可見，看似天空中模糊的污跡<ref name="DonMachholz">{{cite web |last1=Machholz |first1=Donald |title=EarthSky {{!}} New comet might brighten enough for binoculars |url=https://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/new-comet-might-get-bright-enough-for-binoculars/ |website=earthsky.org |access-date=2022-08-24 |date=2022-03-25 |archive-date=2023-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118110234/https://earthsky.org/astronomy-essentials/new-comet-might-get-bright-enough-for-binoculars/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Atkinson |first1=Stuart |title=Comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF) is one to watch out for in December and January |url=https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/advice/comet-c-2022-e3-ztf/ |website=BBC Sky at Night Magazine |date=2022-12-07 |access-date=2022-12-10 |language=en |archive-date=2023-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230111103809/https://www.skyatnightmagazine.com/advice/comet-c-2022-e3-ztf/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。以肉眼首次看見這顆彗星的觀測報告是在1月16日和17日，估計這顆彗星的星等分別為5.4和6.0<ref>{{cite web |title=COBS - Comet OBServation database |url=https://cobs.si/cobs/recent/ |website=cobs.si |access-date=2023-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230118131217/https://cobs.si/cobs/recent/ |archive-date=2023-01-18 |dead-url=yes }}</ref>。來自[[日冕物質拋射]]的強[[太陽風]]在1月17日導致彗星的離子尾出現斷裂事件，使其看起來破碎<ref>{{cite web |last1=Pultarova |first1=Tereza |title=Brilliant green comet loses part of its tail to solar storm in this stunning astrophotographer photo |url=https://www.space.com/comet-c2022-e3-ztf-tail-breaking-space-weather |website=Space.com |access-date=2023-01-22 |language=en |date=2023-01-19 |archive-date=2023-01-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230122065145/https://www.space.com/comet-c2022-e3-ztf-tail-breaking-space-weather |dead-url=no }}</ref>。1月22日，一個[[彗翎]]變得可見。彗翎與塵埃和離子尾相反，似乎指向太陽。它是由位於彗星軌道平面上的塵埃盤的粒子引起的，當地球與該平面對齊時，它們看起來像反向的尾巴，也像帽子上裝飾的羽毛<ref>{{cite web |last1=Thomson |first1=Jess |title=Green comet ZTF develops strange "anti-tail" pointing in wrong direction |url=https://www.newsweek.com/comet-ztf-green-tail-antitail-towards-sun-1775755 |website=Newsweek |access-date=2023-01-24 |language=en |date=2023-01-23 |archive-date=2023-01-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230124070038/https://www.newsweek.com/comet-ztf-green-tail-antitail-towards-sun-1775755 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Tingley |first1=Brett |title=How to see the green comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF) visible in the night sky now as it approaches Earth |url=https://www.space.com/comet-c2022-e3-ztf-how-to-see-approach-earth |website=Space.com |access-date=2023-01-24 |language=en |date=2023-01-23 |archive-date=2023-01-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230123235059/https://www.space.com/comet-c2022-e3-ztf-how-to-see-approach-earth |dead-url=no }}</ref>。
C/2022 E3 (ZTF) 是{{link-en|茲維奇瞬態設施|Zwicky Transient Facility}}在2022年3月2日發現的。發現這顆彗星時，它的[[視星等]]為17.3等，距離太陽大約{{convert|4.3|AU|e6km|abbr=unit|lk=on}}。它最初被認為是一顆小行星，但隨後的觀測顯示它有一顆非常濃縮的[[彗髮]]，表明它是一顆彗星<ref name=MPEC2022-F13>{{Cite web
  |title=MPEC 2022-F13 : COMET C/2022 E3 (ZTF)
  |url=https://minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K22/K22F13.html
  |date=2022-03-21
  |publisher=Minor Planet Center
  |access-date=2022-08-24
  |archive-date=2022-03-25
  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220325151131/https://www.minorplanetcenter.net/mpec/K22/K22F13.html
  |dead-url=no
  }}</ref><ref name="未命名-20231105163413"/>。 
  
到2022年11月初，這顆彗星亮度已達到10等級，並在與地球平行移動時，在[[北冕座]]和[[巨蛇座]]中緩慢移動<ref name="未命名_2-20231105163413"/>。這顆彗星呈現出綠色的彗髮、黃色的塵埃尾和微弱的離子尾。這顆彗星起初在傍晚時分可見，並將於11月底開始在早晨的天空中可見。之後，彗星開始向北移動，經過[[牧夫座]]、[[天龍座]]和[[小熊座]]，並接近[[北極星]]至約10度的距離<ref name="sneakpeektwocomets" />。

在它最接近地球時，它將出現在北[[天極]]附近<ref>{{cite web |title=Comets to View in 2022 |url=https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/comets-to-view-in-2022/ |website=Sky & Telescope |access-date=2022-08-24 |date=2022-03-30 |archive-date=2023-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230107102203/https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/comets-to-view-in-2022/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>，並位於[[鹿豹座]]內<ref>{{cite web |last1=Urbain |first1=Tom |title=Starlust.org {{!}} Meet Comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF), the next naked-eye comet in the night sky |url=https://starlust.org/comet-c-2022-e3-ztf-visible-in-the-night-sky/#:~:text=Camelopardalis%20constellation |website=starlust.org |access-date=2022-11-10 |date=2022-11-10 |archive-date=2023-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230112085525/https://starlust.org/comet-c-2022-e3-ztf-visible-in-the-night-sky/#:~:text=Camelopardalis%20constellation |dead-url=no }}</ref>。1月28日的[[月相]]為[[月相#月相的名稱|上弦]]，明亮的月光使得在前半夜必須使用光學輔助設備才能觀看彗星<ref name="dashbetweenDippers">{{cite web |last1=King |first1=Bob |title=See Comet ZTF (C/2022 E3) Dash Between Big and Little Dippers |url=https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/spot-circumpolar-comet-ztf-c-2022-e3-in-binoculars/ |website=Sky & Telescope |access-date=2023-01-30 |date=2023-01-27 |archive-date=2023-01-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129144507/https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/spot-circumpolar-comet-ztf-c-2022-e3-in-binoculars/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2月5日是滿月，彗星距離明亮的[[五車二]]只有1.5度<ref name="dashbetweenDippers"/>。在2月10日至11日，這顆彗星將從距離[[火星]]1.5度處掠過，2月13日至15日，彗星將經過[[畢宿星團]]前方<ref name="sneakpeektwocomets">{{cite web |title=Sneak Peek at Two Promising Comets |url=https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/sneak-peek-at-two-promising-ztf-comets/ |website=Sky & Telescope |access-date=2022-11-18 |date=2022-11-17 |archive-date=2022-12-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221212053418/https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/sneak-peek-at-two-promising-ztf-comets/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

[[File:C2022E3.Januar.Februar.2023.png|thumb|upright=2|center|彗星C/2022 E3（ZTF）於2023年1月14日至2月16日在星空中的位置。]]

{{anchor|CA}}
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size: 0.9em;"
|+C/2022 E3 在2023年2月1日17:54 UT最接近地球<ref name=jpldata/>
! 日期和時間<br />最接近的狀態
! 距離地球<br/>([[天文單位|AU]])
! 距離太陽<br/>(AU)
! 相對於地球<br/>的速度<br/>（公里/秒）
! 相對於太陽<br/>的速度<br/>（公里/秒）
! 不確定<br />區域<br />({{link-en|3-sigma}})
! 參考資料
|-
| 2023-02-01 17:54 || {{Convert|0.2839|AU|e6km e6mi LD|abbr=unit|lk=on}} || {{Convert|1.159|AU|e6km e6mi LD|abbr=unit}} || 57.4 || 39.1 || ± 900 km  || <small>[https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272022+E3%27&START_TIME=%272023-02-01%2017:54%27&STOP_TIME=%272023-02-02%27&STEP_SIZE=%271%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2719,20,22,39%27 Horizons] {{Wayback|url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272022+E3%27&START_TIME=%272023-02-01%2017:54%27&STOP_TIME=%272023-02-02%27&STEP_SIZE=%271%20day%27&QUANTITIES=%2719,20,22,39%27 |date=20230128142854 }}</small>
|}

=== 顏色 ===
綠色主要是在彗星頭部周圍，很可能是由於[[雙原子碳]]的存在<ref>{{cite web|last1=Rao|first1=Joe|title=A comet not seen in 50,000 years is coming. Here's what you need to know|url=https://www.space.com/comet-c2022-e3-ztf-visible-naked-eye-january-2023|date=2023-01-06|access-date=2023-01-06|language=en|archive-date=2023-01-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230106140241/https://www.space.com/comet-c2022-e3-ztf-visible-naked-eye-january-2023|dead-url=no}}</ref>。當C<sub>2</sub>分子被太陽的紫外線激發時，主要發射的是紅外線，但其[[三重態]]輻射的波長為518奈米。它是通過從原子核蒸發的[[有機物質]][[光解]]產生的。然後，它經歷[[光分解作用]]，其壽命約為兩天；此時，綠光出現在彗星的頭部，而不是尾部<ref>{{cite web|last1=Krämer|first1=Katrina|title=Comets’ green colour comes from dicarbon dissociation, experiments confirm|url=https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/comets-green-colour-comes-from-dicarbon-dissociation-experiments-confirm/4014966.article|date=2021-12-23|access-date=2023-01-07|language=en|archive-date=2022-11-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221126193049/https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/comets-green-colour-comes-from-dicarbon-dissociation-experiments-confirm/4014966.article|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Koe|first1=Crystal|title=Why are comet heads green — but not their tails?|url=https://news.mit.edu/2022/comet-heads-green-but-not-tails-mystery-0131|date=2022-01-31|access-date=2023-01-07|language=en|archive-date=2023-01-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230107151511/https://news.mit.edu/2022/comet-heads-green-but-not-tails-mystery-0131|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

== 離境軌跡 ==
[[噴氣推進實驗室線上曆書系統|噴射推進實驗室線上曆書系統]]顯示與太陽+木星的[[重心]]系統，綁定在2050年[[曆元]]的離境軌道，但因為超出[[歐特雲]]的最大距離而不切實際<ref name=barycenter/>。使用2495曆元僅太陽質量的日心軌道，顯示彗星未被太陽系束縛住<ref name="heliocentric2495"/>。這顆彗星未來要麼完全離開太陽系，要麼在數百萬年後返回，這取決於在歐特雲中的釋氣或擾動。

== 可比對象 ==
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; font-size: 0.9em;"
|+肉眼可見的漫射物體
!Object
![[视星等|視星等]]
|-
|[[仙女座星系]]（M31）
|3.4
|-
|[[猎户座大星云|獵戶座大星雲]]（M42）
|4
|- bgcolor="#c2c2c2"
|'''C/2022 E3（ZTF）'''
|5
|-
|[[三角座星系]]（M33）
|5.7
|}

== 圖集 ==
<gallery widths="200px" heights="160px">
Cometa C2022 E3 dall'Osservatorio di Asiago.jpg| 2022年12月的彗星，來自義大利[[帕多瓦大學]]所屬的[[阿夏戈天文台]]。
C2022 E3 (ZTF) with star trails - 52655835075.png|由[[帕多瓦大學]]的安德里亞·雷吉蒂（Andrea Reguitti）在2023年1月10日拍攝的彗星。
Comet C2022 E3 (ZTF) - 52637612692.jpg| 2023年1月20日的彗星，已顯示出寬的塵埃尾和細長的離子尾。
Comet C2022 E3 (ZTF) - 52642843230.jpg| 2023年1月22日的彗星，可見[[彗翎|反尾]]。
C2022 E3- Andrea Reguitti, Università di Padova.jpg|2023年1月28日的彗星，由於追蹤它在天空中的運動而有相對運動的星跡。
</gallery>

== 參考資料 ==
{{Reflist|30em|refs=

<ref name="S&T20230116">{{cite web
  |title=Circumpolar Comet ZTF (C/2022 E3) is Here!
  |publisher=[[天空與望遠鏡雜誌|Sky & Telescope]]
  |date=2023-01-16
  |url=https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/spot-circumpolar-comet-ztf-c-2022-e3-in-binoculars/
  |accessdate=2023-01-17
  |archive-date=2023-01-29
  |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230129144507/https://skyandtelescope.org/astronomy-news/spot-circumpolar-comet-ztf-c-2022-e3-in-binoculars/
  |dead-url=no
  }}</ref>

<ref name="heliocentric2495">{{cite web
  | title=Heliocentric Osculating Orbital Elements for Comet C/2022 E3 (ZTF) still near 1.0 and chaotic in epoch 2495+
  | author=[[噴氣推進實驗室線上曆書系統|Horizons]] output
  | url=https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272022+E3%27&TABLE_TYPE=%27ELEMENTS%27&START_TIME=%272495-01-01%27&STOP_TIME=%272498-01-01%27&STEP_SIZE=%274%20year%27&CENTER=%27@sun%27&OUT_UNITS=%27AU-D%27
  | access-date=2023-01-31
  | archive-date=2023-01-17
  | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117155952/https://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/horizons_batch.cgi?batch=1&COMMAND=%272022+E3%27&TABLE_TYPE=%27ELEMENTS%27&START_TIME=%272495-01-01%27&STOP_TIME=%272498-01-01%27&STEP_SIZE=%274%20year%27&CENTER=%27%40sun%27&OUT_UNITS=%27AU-D%27
  | dead-url=no
  }}</ref>

}} <!-- end of reflist-->

== 外部連結 ==
* {{JPL small body|id=1003845}}

{{彗星}}{{2022年太空活動}}

[[Category:2022年發現的天體|20220302]]
[[Category:2022年的彗星]]
[[Category:非週期彗星]]