编辑“︁Black Lives Matter”︁

{{TA|G1=IT|G2=USState|G3=PP|1=zh-cn:社交媒体;zh-tw:社群媒體;}}
{{Expand language|en}}
{{Infobox organization
|name = Black Lives Matter
|image = File:Black Lives Matter logo.svg
|size = 200px
|formation = {{start date and age|2013|7|13}} {{TA|G1=IT|G2=USState|G3=PP|1=zh-cn:社交媒体;zh-tw:社群媒體;}}
|founders = {{plainlist|
* 艾丽西亚·加尔萨（Alicia Garza）
* 帕特希·库拉斯（Patrisse Cullors）
* 欧帕尔·托米提（Opal Tometi）
}}
|type = [[社会运动]]
|location = 全球（以美國为主）
|key_people =
|website = [http://blacklivesmatter.com/ BlackLivesMatter.com]
}}
'''Black Lives Matter'''（缩写：'''BLM'''），可译作'''黑人的命也是命'''<ref>{{cite news|title=美国圣诞前发生“黑人命也是命”抗议活动|url=http://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/world/2015/12/151224_us_black_lives_matter|accessdate=2018-05-06|publisher=BBC|date=2015-12-24|language=zh-hans|archive-date=2018-05-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180517072306/http://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/world/2015/12/151224_us_black_lives_matter|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=「黑人的命也是命」訴說什麼？|url=https://tw.appledaily.com/new/realtime/20160712/905792/|accessdate=2018-05-06|publisher=蘋果日報|date=2016-07-12|language=zh-tw|archive-date=2019-02-15|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190215162232/https://tw.appledaily.com/new/realtime/20160712/905792/|dead-url=no}}</ref>、'''黑人的命很重要'''<ref>{{cite news |author1=张朋辉 |author2=郑香君 |author3=青木 |author4=陶短房 |title=美国爆发“黑人的命很重要”运动 民众要求消除恐惧 |url=http://world.huanqiu.com/exclusive/2016-09/9483867.html |accessdate=2018-10-19 |work=环球时报 |publisher=环球网 |date=2016-09-26 |language=zh-cn |archive-date=2018-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020053040/http://world.huanqiu.com/exclusive/2016-09/9483867.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>、'''黑人性命攸關'''（或'''黑命攸关'''）<ref>{{Cite web|title=【美國示威】美黑人受警暴機率高白人4倍 差過英、澳發達國家 - 香港經濟日報 - 即時新聞頻道 - 國際形勢 - 環球社會熱點|url=https://inews.hket.com/article/2664609|accessdate=2020-06-08|work=inews.hket.com|archive-date=2020-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608223317/https://inews.hket.com/article/2664609|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=致：被下跪警員觸動的你 {{!}} 李林風|url=https://thestandnews.com/society/%E8%87%B4-%E8%A2%AB%E4%B8%8B%E8%B7%AA%E8%AD%A6%E5%93%A1%E8%A7%B8%E5%8B%95%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%A0/|accessdate=2020-06-08|work=立場新聞 Stand News|language=en|archive-date=2020-06-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200608224820/https://www.thestandnews.com/society/%E8%87%B4-%E8%A2%AB%E4%B8%8B%E8%B7%AA%E8%AD%A6%E5%93%A1%E8%A7%B8%E5%8B%95%E7%9A%84%E4%BD%A0/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=专题｜黑命攸关 |url=https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_94967 |website=澎湃 |accessdate=2020-06-13 |archive-date=2020-06-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613112513/https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_94967 |dead-url=no }}</ref>、'''黑人生命珍貴'''（'''黑命贵'''）<ref>{{cite news|author1=喀尔拉|title=从马丁·路德·金到黑命贵 ——黑人民权运动的迷失|url=http://www.guancha.cn/Kaerla/2017_08_25_424355.shtml|accessdate=2018-05-06|publisher=观察者网|date=2017-08-25|language=zh-cn|archive-date=2018-05-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180507003118/http://www.guancha.cn/Kaerla/2017_08_25_424355.shtml|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author1=白云怡 |title=“美版张铁生”写百遍“黑命贵”进入斯坦福？答案怕不这么简单 |url=http://world.huanqiu.com/exclusive/2017-04/10428897.html |accessdate=2018-10-02 |work=环球时报 |date=2017-04-05 |language=zh-cn |archive-date=2018-10-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181002064905/http://world.huanqiu.com/exclusive/2017-04/10428897.html |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author1=David Sloan |title=弗洛伊德事件一周年：他的死改变了什么？ |url=https://www.dw.com/zh/%E5%BC%97%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6%E4%B8%80%E5%91%A8%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%96%E7%9A%84%E6%AD%BB%E6%94%B9%E5%8F%98%E4%BA%86%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88/a-57646726 |accessdate=2022-08-01 |work=德国之声中文网 |agency=[[德国之声]] |date=2021-05-24 |archive-date=2022-07-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708113023/https://www.dw.com/zh/%E5%BC%97%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%8A%E5%BE%B7%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6%E4%B8%80%E5%91%A8%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%96%E7%9A%84%E6%AD%BB%E6%94%B9%E5%8F%98%E4%BA%86%E4%BB%80%E4%B9%88/a-57646726 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author1=梅尕·莫汉 |author2=尤瑟夫·埃尔丁 |title=芬兰总理桑娜·马林统帅的全女性内阁如何运作 |url=https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/world-55057160 |accessdate=2022-08-01 |work=BBC中文 |agency=[[英国广播公司]] |date=2020-12-06 |archive-date=2020-12-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201215142017/https://www.bbc.com/zhongwen/simp/world-55057160 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author1=小山 |title=幾家西方公司在香港祝賀李家超獲選 |url=https://www.rfi.fr/tw/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B/20220509-%E5%B9%BE%E5%AE%B6%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%9C%A8%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%A5%9D%E8%B3%80%E6%9D%8E%E5%AE%B6%E8%B6%85%E7%8D%B2%E9%81%B8 |accessdate=2022-08-01 |agency=[[法国国际广播电台]] |date=2022-05-09 |archive-date=2022-05-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220516042625/https://www.rfi.fr/tw/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B/20220509-%E5%B9%BE%E5%AE%B6%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%9C%A8%E9%A6%99%E6%B8%AF%E7%A5%9D%E8%B3%80%E6%9D%8E%E5%AE%B6%E8%B6%85%E7%8D%B2%E9%81%B8 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=席德妮夏菲：老師如何協助孩子找到他們的政治聲音 |url=https://www.ted.com/talks/sydney_chaffee_social_justice_belongs_in_our_schools/transcript?language=zh-tw |website=TED |publisher=TEDxBeaconStreet |accessdate=2020-06-13 |archive-date=2020-06-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200613223920/https://www.ted.com/talks/sydney_chaffee_social_justice_belongs_in_our_schools/transcript?language=zh-tw |dead-url=no }}</ref>{{notetag|有觀點認為此翻譯存在讽刺、反對、批評意味，或曲解英文原意讓人認為活動主張黑人的命比其他人更貴重<ref>{{cite news |author1=比尔老师 |title=BLM为啥翻译成“黑命贵”？还不是因为华人心底的社会歧视链 |url=https://witreader.com/articles/080380516563/ |work=海角春藤 |via=睿读网 |accessdate=2020-06-26 |archive-date=2020-06-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200629052847/https://witreader.com/articles/080380516563/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=2020-06-23|title=公民論壇 - 訪林培瑞：美國反種族歧視運動是否 “美式文革”？|url=https://www.rfi.fr/tw/contenu/20200623-%E8%A8%AA%E6%9E%97%E5%9F%B9%E7%91%9E-%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%8D%E7%A8%AE%E6%97%8F%E6%AD%A7%E8%A6%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E6%98%AF%E5%90%A6-%E7%BE%8E%E5%BC%8F%E6%96%87%E9%9D%A9|access-date=2024-01-21|website=RFI - 法國國際廣播電台|language=zh-Hant|archive-date=2022-08-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220816082307/http://www.rfi.fr/tw/contenu/20200623-%E8%A8%AA%E6%9E%97%E5%9F%B9%E7%91%9E-%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%8D%E7%A8%AE%E6%97%8F%E6%AD%A7%E8%A6%96%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95%E6%98%AF%E5%90%A6-%E7%BE%8E%E5%BC%8F%E6%96%87%E9%9D%A9|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Storm.mg|date=2020-07-02|title=瑞典來鴻》評何清漣「美式文革」論之荒謬-風傳媒|url=https://www.storm.mg/article/2812491|access-date=2024-01-21|website=www.storm.mg|language=zh-TW|archive-date=2022-01-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220128195021/https://www.storm.mg/article/2812491|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=語言的文化內涵 {{!}} 心版|url=https://www.thepulseweb.org/?page_id=2863|access-date=2024-01-21|language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author1=QiLi |title=论迻绎文“黑命贵”之不当 |url=http://hx.cnd.org/2022/02/12/qili%EF%BC%9A%E8%AE%BA%E8%BF%BB%E7%BB%8E%E6%96%87%E9%BB%91%E5%91%BD%E8%B4%B5%E4%B9%8B%E4%B8%8D%E5%BD%93/ |work=华夏快递 |via=华夏文摘 |accessdate=2022-02-12 |archive-date=2022-02-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220214060226/http://hx.cnd.org/2022/02/12/qili%ef%bc%9a%e8%ae%ba%e8%bf%bb%e7%bb%8e%e6%96%87%e9%bb%91%e5%91%bd%e8%b4%b5%e4%b9%8b%e4%b8%8d%e5%bd%93/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。}}，是一个抗议针对黑人的暴力和系统性[[種族歧視|歧视]]的[[去中心化]]国际[[人權|维权]]运动，起源于[[非裔美国人]]社区。BLM也反对如[[种族归纳]]、[[暴力执法]]和美国[[美國法律|刑事司法系统]]中的[[種族主義|种族不平]]等等更为广泛的问题<ref>{{cite magazine|last=Friedersdorf|first=Conor|title=How to Distinguish Between Antifa, White Supremacists, and Black Lives Matter|url=https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/08/drawing-distinctions-antifa-the-alt-right-and-black-lives-matter/538320/|magazine=大西洋|accessdate=2018-05-06|language=en|archive-date=2018-12-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181212074828/https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2017/08/drawing-distinctions-antifa-the-alt-right-and-black-lives-matter/538320/|dead-url=no}}</ref>。BLM抗议通常在发生警察击杀黑人事件后，比如[[特雷沃恩·馬丁命案|崔温·马丁]]、[[邁克爾·布朗命案|邁克爾·布朗]]、[[埃里克·加纳死亡案|埃里克·加纳]]、以及{{Tsl|en|Killing of Rekia Boyd|雷基亞·博伊德命案|雷基亞·博伊德}}等。

这场运动起始于2013年。2012年2月美国非裔青年[[特雷沃恩·馬丁命案|崔温·马丁]]（Trayvon Martin）被枪杀。次年，开枪的欧洲、拉丁、非洲混血裔社区自卫巡逻员乔治·齐默尔曼（George Zimmerman）被判无罪，社交网络上发起了 '''#BlackLivesMatter''' 的话题。2014年{{link-en|弗格森骚乱|Ferguson unrest}}中的[[邁克爾·布朗命案|邁克爾·布朗]]（Michael Brown）和纽约市的[[埃里克·加纳死亡案|埃里克·加纳]]（Eric Garner）丧生，这两起非裔美国人的死亡所引发的街头游行使得“黑人的命也是命”获得了全国性的关注<ref name="theguardian.com">{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/19/blacklivesmatter-birth-civil-rights-movement |title=#BlackLivesMatter: the birth of a new civil rights movement |first=Elizabeth |last=Day |date=2015-07-19 |work=卫报 |accessdate=2018-05-06 |language=en |archive-date=2019-05-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190510221337/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/jul/19/blacklivesmatter-birth-civil-rights-movement |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/how-the-black-lives-matter-movement-changed-america-one-year-later/ |title=Black Lives Matter: How the events in Ferguson sparked a movement in America |first=Shannon |last=Luibrand |date=2015-08-07 |publisher=CBS News |accessdate=2018-05-06 |language=en |archive-date=2016-06-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160624181634/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/how-the-black-lives-matter-movement-changed-america-one-year-later/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。自弗格森骚乱后，运动的参与者多次举行游行示威，抗议数名非裔美国人在警方行动或警方拘留中死亡。2015年夏天，“黑人的命也是命”维权人士参与到了[[2016年美国总统选举]]中<ref name=eligon>{{cite web |last=Eligon |first=John |date=2015-11-18 |title=One Slogan, Many Methods: Black Lives Matter Enters Politics |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/19/us/one-slogan-many-methods-black-lives-matter-enters-politics.html |work=纽约时报 |accessdate=2018-05-06 |language=en |archive-date=2019-04-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403051255/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/19/us/one-slogan-many-methods-black-lives-matter-enters-politics.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>。话题标签的发起人和运动的召集人，艾丽西亚·加尔萨（Alicia Garza）、帕特希·库拉斯（Patrisse Cullors）和欧帕尔·托米提（Opal Tomet）在2014年至2016年将他们的项目拓展到了全国30多个地方分部<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |url=https://medium.com/@patrissemariecullorsbrignac/we-didn-t-start-a-movement-we-started-a-network-90f9b5717668#.l0oku76m3 |title=We didn't start a movement. We started a network. |last=Cullors-Brignac |first=Patrisse Marie |date=2016-02-23 |publisher=Medium |accessdate=2018-05-06 |language=en |archive-date=2019-04-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190406143314/https://medium.com/@patrissemariecullorsbrignac/we-didn-t-start-a-movement-we-started-a-network-90f9b5717668#.l0oku76m3 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。雖然有部份組織會自稱“黑人的命也是命”，如{{Tsl|en|Black Lives Matter Global Network Foundation|Black Lives Matter全球网络基金会}}，但“黑人的命也是命”运动仍然是一个没有正式等级结构的分散式网络<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/08/15/who-really-runs-blacklivesmatter.html |title=Who Really Runs #BlackLivesMatter? |first1=Ben |last1=Collins |first2=Tim |last2=Mak |date=2015-08-15 |work=The Daily Beast |accessdate=2018-05-06 |language=en |archive-date=2017-05-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170504112515/http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2015/08/15/who-really-runs-blacklivesmatter.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>，也沒有任何組織註冊這個標語的[[商標]]<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.chicagotribune.com/lifestyles/ct-life-cb-black-lives-matter-chicago-20200903-xh75kbw5nfdk5joudlsgb2viwq-story.html |title=What you need to know about Black Lives Matter in 10 questions |first1=Lauren |last1=Leazenby |first2=Milan |last2=Polk |date=September 3, 2020 |work=Chicago Tribune |access-date=November 4, 2020 |archive-date=2023-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231211075107/https://www.chicagotribune.com/lifestyles/ct-life-cb-black-lives-matter-chicago-20200903-xh75kbw5nfdk5joudlsgb2viwq-story.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

社会对于“黑人的命也是命”运动的反应各不相同、易随时间而变。不同种族的美国民众对于运动的看法迥异<ref name="PBS-Marist">{{cite web |url=https://www.dropbox.com/s/j64c02ub48aipja/PBS-NEWSHOUR-MARIST-POLL-SEP2015.pdf |title=PBS NewsHour/Marist Poll Summary of National Findings |date=2015-09 |publisher=马瑞斯特舆论研究所 |accessdate=2018-05-06 |language=en}}</ref>。“[[大家的命都是命]]”（All Lives Matter）的口号作为对“黑人的命也是命”运动的回应逐渐兴起，但于社交媒体受到批评<ref>{{cite web |work=凤凰大视野 |title=美社交媒体热点问题：黑人的命也是命 |url=http://phtv.ifeng.com/a/20161026/44478183_0.shtml |publisher=凤凰卫视 |accessdate=2018-10-19 |language=zh |archive-date=2018-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181020011620/http://phtv.ifeng.com/a/20161026/44478183_0.shtml |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="USAToday2016-07-13">{{cite web |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2016/07/13/why-saying-all-lives-matter-opposite-black-lives-matter/87025190/ |title=#AllLivesMatter hashtag is racist, critics say |first=Ashley |last=May |date=2016-07-13 |work=今日美国 |accessdate=2018-05-06 |language=en |archive-date=2016-12-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161207182644/http://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation-now/2016/07/13/why-saying-all-lives-matter-opposite-black-lives-matter/87025190/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name="sing">{{cite web|last1=Townes|first1=Carimah|title=Obama Explains The Problem With 'All Lives Matter'|url=http://thinkprogress.org/justice/2015/10/22/3715332/obama-explains-the-problem-with-all-lives-matter/|publisher=think progress|accessdate=2018-05-06|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160805033903/http://thinkprogress.org/justice/2015/10/22/3715332/obama-explains-the-problem-with-all-lives-matter/|archive-date=2016-08-05|dead-url=yes}}</ref>。在弗格森两名警察被枪击后，警察的支持者们创建了“[[警察的命也是命]]”（Blue Lives Matter，因為美國警察制服以藍色為主，或被称为“蓝命贵”）的话题标签<ref name="police">{{cite news|title='Blue Lives Matter' trends after officers shot|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-31853299|publisher=BBC|accessdate=2018-05-06|language=en|archive-date=2018-03-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180330014321/http://www.bbc.com/news/blogs-trending-31853299|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author1=王恺雯 |title=办公室挂“蓝命贵”旗帜引种族纠纷，黑人雇员获赔10万美元 |url=https://www.guancha.cn/internation/2019_04_21_498552.shtml |website=观察者网 |accessdate=2020-06-03 |archive-date=2020-06-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611165024/https://www.guancha.cn/internation/2019_04_21_498552.shtml |dead-url=no }}</ref>。另一些黑人民权领袖则不赞同BLM团体所采取的策略<ref name=angel2>{{cite web|last1=Jennings|first1=Angel|title=Longtime L.A. civil rights leaders dismayed by in-your-face tactics of new crop of activists|url=http://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-black-lives-matter-20151030-story.html|work=洛杉矶时报|accessdate=2018-05-06|language=en|archive-date=2019-04-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190403075905/https://www.latimes.com/local/california/la-me-black-lives-matter-20151030-story.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name=Reynolds>{{Cite news|title=I was a civil rights activist in the 1960s. But it's hard for me to get behind Black Lives Matter.|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2015/08/24/i-was-a-civil-rights-activist-in-the-1960s-but-its-hard-for-me-to-get-behind-black-lives-matter|newspaper=华盛顿邮报|date=2015-08-24|issn=0190-8286|first=Barbara|last=Reynolds|accessdate=2018-05-06|language=en|archive-date=2019-06-12|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190612040129/https://www.washingtonpost.com/posteverything/wp/2015/08/24/i-was-a-civil-rights-activist-in-the-1960s-but-its-hard-for-me-to-get-behind-black-lives-matter/|dead-url=no}}</ref>。2020年，约67%的美国人支持运动；到了2023年，这个数字是51%<ref name=":11">{{Cite web |last=Beshay |date=2023-06-14 |title=Support for the Black Lives Matter Movement Has Dropped Considerably From Its Peak in 2020 |url=https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2023/06/14/support-for-the-black-lives-matter-movement-has-dropped-considerably-from-its-peak-in-2020/ |access-date=2023-07-04 |website=Pew Research Center’s Social & Demographic Trends Project |language=en-US |archive-date=2024-05-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240524153154/https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/2023/06/14/support-for-the-black-lives-matter-movement-has-dropped-considerably-from-its-peak-in-2020/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name=pew>{{cite web |last1=Parker |first1=Kim |last2=Horowitz |first2=Juliana Menasce |last3=Anderson |first3=Monica |title=Majorities Across Racial, Ethnic Groups Express Support for the Black Lives Matter Movement |website=Pew Research Center's Social & Demographic Trends Project |date=June 12, 2020 |url=https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2020/06/12/amid-protests-majorities-across-racial-and-ethnic-groups-express-support-for-the-black-lives-matter-movement/ |access-date=July 16, 2020 |archive-date=2020-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201105020936/https://www.pewsocialtrends.org/2020/06/12/amid-protests-majorities-across-racial-and-ethnic-groups-express-support-for-the-black-lives-matter-movement/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite web |last=Rahman |first=Khaleda |date=2022-05-19 |title=Support for Black Lives Matter plummets among African Americans: poll |url=https://www.newsweek.com/support-black-lives-matter-plummets-among-african-americans-poll-1708122 |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=Newsweek |archive-date=2024-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240408134113/https://www.newsweek.com/support-black-lives-matter-plummets-among-african-americans-poll-1708122 |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Civiqs |url=https://civiqs.com/results/black_lives_matter?annotations=true&uncertainty=true&zoomIn=true&trendline=true |access-date=2022-05-22 |website=civiqs.com |archive-date=2023-11-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107214627/https://civiqs.com/results/black_lives_matter?annotations=true&uncertainty=true&zoomIn=true&trendline=true |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

==发起==
===线上活动===
[[File:Trayvon Martin shooting protest 2012 Shankbone 25.JPG|thumb|2012年3月21日[[联合广场 (纽约市)|纽约曼哈顿联合广场]]举行“百万连帽衫大游行”，抗议乔治·齐默尔曼对崔温·马丁的枪杀]]
2013年夏天，在枪杀崔温·马丁的乔治·齐默尔曼被判无罪后，这场运动以 #BlackLivesMatter 的话题标签开始发展<ref name="auto">{{cite news |last1=Guynn |first1=Jessica |title=Meet the woman who coined #BlackLivesMatter |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2015/03/04/alicia-garza-black-lives-matter/24341593/ |newspaper=今日美国 |date=2015-03-04 |accessdate=2018-10-18 |language=en |archive-date=2018-02-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180220112728/https://www.usatoday.com/story/tech/2015/03/04/alicia-garza-black-lives-matter/24341593/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。运动由三位黑人社区组织者——艾丽西亚·加尔萨、帕特希·库拉斯和欧帕尔·托米提共同发起<ref>{{cite web |title=Black Lives Still Matters to Grassroots and Black Media |url=http://www.blackvoicenews.com/2015/01/13/black-lives-still-matters-to-grassroots-and-black-media/ |website=Black Voice News |date=2015-01-13 |last=Hunt |first=Jazelle |agency=National Newspaper Publishers Association |accessdate=2018-10-18 |language=en |archive-date=2019-04-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190405141829/http://blackvoicenews.com/2015/01/13/black-lives-still-matters-to-grassroots-and-black-media/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://fortune.com/2015/07/19/blacklivesmatter-work-credit |website=财富 |date=2015-07-19 |title=Founders of #BlackLivesMatter: Getting credit for your work matters |last=Zarya |first=Valentina |accessdate=2018-10-18 |language=en |archive-date=2019-04-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190415230412/http://fortune.com/2015/07/19/blacklivesmatter-work-credit/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。她们三位通过“黑人领导力与尊严组织”（Black Organizing for Leadership & Dignity，简写为 BOLD）相遇，该全国性组织专门训练社区组织者<ref name=herbert/>。在齐默尔曼被判无罪后，她们开始质疑自己在面对黑人生命遭受贬低时所做出的反应。加尔萨在[[Facebook]]上写了一篇题为《一篇给黑人的爱的笔记》（A Love Note to Black People）的帖子。她在帖子中写道：“我们的生命很重要，黑人的生命很重要”（Our Lives Matter, Black Lives Matter）。库拉斯回复道：“#BlackLivesMatter”。托米提随后也表达支持，自此“黑人的命也是命”网络运动正式诞生<ref name=herbert/>。

[[File:Ferguson Day 6, Picture 13.png|thumb|left|2014年8月17日密苏里弗格斯发生的抗议]]
===弗格斯的行动===
2014年8月，在[[迈克尔·布朗枪击案]]后，BLM成员采用“黑人的命也是命[[自由乘车者|自由乘车]]”的形式，在[[密苏里]][[弗格森 (密蘇里州)|弗格森]]组织了第一次全国性现场抗议<ref name=herbert/>。超过500名抗议者突然出现在弗格森参与非暴力示威。在出现于弗格森的众多团体中，BLM组织尤为突出，被广泛认作这场新兴运动的代表符号<ref name=herbert/>。

自此之后，“黑人的命也是命”已经组织了数千场抗议和游行。除了街头抗议，BLM还将活动延伸到了美国的大学校园中，2015至2016年的[[密苏里大学]]抗议就是其中一例<ref name=sandhya>{{cite web |last1=Somashekhar |first1=Sandhya |date=2015-11-17 |title=How Black Lives Matter, born on the streets, is rising to power on campus |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/how-black-lives-matter-born-on-the-streets-is-rising-to-power-on-campus/2015/11/17/3c113e96-8959-11e5-be8b-1ae2e4f50f76_story.html |work=华盛顿邮报 |accessdate=2018-10-18 |language=en |archive-date=2019-02-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190206055513/https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/how-black-lives-matter-born-on-the-streets-is-rising-to-power-on-campus/2015/11/17/3c113e96-8959-11e5-be8b-1ae2e4f50f76_story.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

===运动包容性===
“黑人的命也是命”与传统上处在黑人自由运动边缘的人们取得了合作<ref name=herbert/>。例如在其网站上，该组织声明Black Lives Matter是“一项独特的贡献，它不仅仅是为了那些被警察和{{link-en|私警|Vigilante}}[[法外处决]]的黑人”，它还拥抱[[交叉性]]，“Black Lives Matter 肯定所有黑人[[酷儿]]和[[跨性别者]]、残疾人、黑人[[非法移民]]、有案底者、[[黑人女性主義|女性]]和位于性别光谱上任何位置的黑人们的生命”<ref>{{cite web |title=About the Black Lives Matter Network |url=http://blacklivesmatter.com/about |accessdate=2018-10-18 |language=en |archive-date=2017-01-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170125175055/http://blacklivesmatter.com/about/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。“黑人的命也是命”运动的发起人都是女性，其中加尔萨和库拉斯认同自己为酷儿<ref>{{cite web |url=http://madamenoire.com/528287/the-three-women-behind-the-black-lives-matter-movement/ |title=The Three Women Behind The Black Lives Matter Movement |first=Deron |last=Dalton |date=2015-05-04 |publisher=MadameNoire |accessdate=2018-10-18 |language=en |archive-date=2018-12-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181210235011/https://madamenoire.com/528287/the-three-women-behind-the-black-lives-matter-movement/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>。除此之外，全球网络的发起人之一的艾尔·赫恩斯（Elle Hearns）是一名[[跨性別女性]]<ref name="mic-2oct2017">{{cite web|last1=Morrison|first1=Aaron|title=For Elle Hearns, the fight against transphobia starts with dismantling white supremacy|url=https://mic.com/articles/184899/for-elle-hearns-the-fight-against-transphobia-starts-with-dismantling-white-supremacy|website=Mic.com|date=2017-10-02|accessdate=2018-10-18|language=en|archive-date=2018-08-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180818203156/https://mic.com/articles/184899/for-elle-hearns-the-fight-against-transphobia-starts-with-dismantling-white-supremacy|dead-url=no}}</ref>。组织建立者们认为他们自身多元的背景奠定了 Black Lives Matter 成为一项具有交叉性运动的基础。#BlackWomenMatter（黑人女性很重要）、#BlackGirlsMatter（黑人女孩很重要）、#BlackQueerLivesMatter（黑人酷儿的命很重要）和 #BlackTransLivesMatter（黑人跨性别的命很重要）的话题标签在 BLM 的网站上和社交媒体上出现。[[乔治城大学]]历史学副教授玛西亚·夏特兰赞扬 BLM 使得“年轻的酷儿女性们（在活动中）扮演了重要角色”<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/women-black-lives-matter-interview-marcia-chatelain |title=Women and Black Lives Matter: An Interview with Marcia Chatelain |first1=Marcia |last1=Chatelain |first2=Kaavya |last2=Asoka |date=2015 |work=Dissent |accessdate=2018-10-18 |language=en |archive-date=2019-05-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190518162306/https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/women-black-lives-matter-interview-marcia-chatelain |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

===早期运动===
BLM运动自认深受[[非裔美國人民權運動]]、[[黑人权力运动]]、1980年代的[[黑人女性主義]]运动、[[泛非主义]]、[[南非撤资运动#在美国的运动（1977-1989年）|反种族隔离运动]]、[[嘻哈]]、[[LGBT權利運動]]和[[佔領華爾街]]运动的启发<ref name=herbert>{{cite web |last1=Ruffin II |first1=Herbert G. |title=Black Lives Matter: The Growth of a New Social Justice Movement |url=http://www.blackpast.org/perspectives/black-lives-matter-growth-new-social-justice-movement |publisher=BlackPast.org |accessdate=2018-10-16 |language=en |archive-date=2018-09-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180926200258/http://www.blackpast.org/perspectives/black-lives-matter-growth-new-social-justice-movement |dead-url=no }}</ref>。许多媒体组织将其称之为“新民权运动”<ref name="theguardian.com"/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2015/08/19/how-black-lives-matter-moved-from-a-hashtag-to-a-real-political-force/|title=How Black Lives Matter moved from a hashtag to a real political force|first=Janell|last=Ross|date=2015-08-09|work=华盛顿邮报|accessdate=2018-10-16|language=en|archive-date=2018-12-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181211153423/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2015/08/19/how-black-lives-matter-moved-from-a-hashtag-to-a-real-political-force/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2014/12/ferguson-new-civil-rights-movement-113906.html |title=The Birth of a New Civil Rights Movement |first=Gene |last=Demby |date=2014-12-31 |work=Politico |accessdate=2018-10-16 |language=en |archive-date=2015-08-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150827021944/http://www.politico.com/magazine/story/2014/12/ferguson-new-civil-rights-movement-113906.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>。然而，有一部分抗议者主动将自己区别于像[[阿爾·夏普頓]]这样老一代的黑人运动领袖，他们反感[[中产阶级]]传统，比如[[黑人教会|教会参与]]、忠于[[民主党 (美国)|美国民主党]]以及尊严政治学<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.salon.com/2014/08/26/al_sharpton_does_not_have_my_ear_why_we_need_new_black_leadership_now/ |title=Al Sharpton does not have my ear: Why we need new black leadership now |first=Brittney |last=Cooper |date=August 26, 2014 |work=Salon |accessdate=2018-10-16 |language=en |archive-date=2019-05-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190529062020/https://www.salon.com/2014/08/26/al_sharpton_does_not_have_my_ear_why_we_need_new_black_leadership_now/ |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://gothamist.com/2015/04/07/black_lives_matter_movement.php |title=The Fight for the Soul of the Black Lives Matter Movement |date=2015-04-07 |work=Gothamist |accessdate=2018-10-16 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20161108043142/http://gothamist.com/2015/04/07/black_lives_matter_movement.php |archivedate=2016-11-08 |language=en }}</ref>。政治学家弗雷德里克·C·哈里斯认为这种“集体中心领导模式”（group-centered model of leadership）有别于像[[杰西·杰克逊]]的 [[Rainbow/PUSH|Rainbow PUSH 联盟]]和夏普顿的[[全国行动网络]]这样依靠[[魅力型权威|魅力型领袖]]模式的传统民权运动组织<ref name="Dissent_BLM">{{cite news |last1=Harris |first1=Frederick C. |title=The Next Civil Rights Movement? |url=https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/black-lives-matter-new-civil-rights-movement-fredrick-harris |work=Dissent |date=Summer 2015 |accessdate=2018-10-16 |language=en |archive-date=2018-11-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181112230909/https://www.dissentmagazine.org/article/black-lives-matter-new-civil-rights-movement-fredrick-harris |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

[[File:Black Lives Matter - Minneapolis City Hall "Eviction Rally" (22886157103).jpg|thumb|2015年12月3日，Black Lives Matter 的支持者和盟友聚集在[[明尼阿波利斯市政厅]]圆形大厅中。早些时候，抗议警察枪击哈马尔·克拉克（Jamar Clark）的示威者们从被占领的明尼阿波利斯警察局第四分局中赶出]]

==组织结构==
===松散结构===
短语“Black Lives Matter”既可以指代一个[[推特]][[话题标签]]、一条[[标语]]、一场[[社会运动]]，也可以指一群宣扬种族公正的群体所组成的松散联盟。作为一场社会运动时，Black Lives Matter 是去中心化的，它的领导者们强调组织本地化而不是全国性的统一化领导<ref>{{cite news|last1=Miller|first1=Ryan W.|title=Black Lives Matter: A primer on what it is and what it stands for|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2016/07/11/black-lives-matter-what-what-stands/86963292/|accessdate=2018-10-24|work=今日美国|date=2016-07-12|ref=USA_BLM|language=en|archive-date=2017-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171119164105/https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2016/07/11/black-lives-matter-what-what-stands/86963292/|dead-url=no}}</ref>。活动家德瑞·麦克森（DeRay McKesson）评论这场运动“团结了所有公开支持黑人的命也是命的人们，从而让他们将时间和精力投入进来。”<ref name="tags_BLM">{{cite web |last1=Freelon |first1=Deen |last2=McIlwain |first2=Charlton D. |last3=Clark |first3=Meredith D. |title=Beyond the Hashtags |url=http://cmsimpact.org/resource/beyond-hashtags-ferguson-blacklivesmatter-online-struggle-offline-justice/ |date=2016-02-29 |publisher=Center for Media and Social Impact |type=PDF |page=9 |accessdate=2018-10-24 |language=en |archive-date=2018-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181006030726/http://cmsimpact.org/resource/beyond-hashtags-ferguson-blacklivesmatter-online-struggle-offline-justice/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>

2013年，艾丽西亚·加尔萨、帕特希·库拉斯和欧帕尔·托米建立了Black Lives Matter网络。艾丽西亚·加尔萨将这一网络形容为一个网上平台，这个平台的存在给活动者们提供了一套共享的原则和目标。虽然地方性Black Lives Matter分会被要求致力于服从组织的一系列指导原则，但是具体的行动操作则没有一个中央的领导架构。艾丽西亚·加尔萨称这一网络对于“监管谁是谁不是运动的一员”没有兴趣<ref name="ITT_BLM">{{cite news|last1=Fletcher Jr.|first1=Bill|title=From Hashtag to Strategy: The Growing Pains of Black Lives Matter|url=http://inthesetimes.com/article/18394/from-hashtag-to-strategy-the-growing-pains-of-black-lives-matter|accessdate=2018-10-24|agency=In These Times|date=2015-09-25|language=en|archive-date=2018-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181030113326/http://inthesetimes.com/article/18394/from-hashtag-to-strategy-the-growing-pains-of-black-lives-matter|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="NY_BLM">{{cite news|last1=Cobb|first1=Jelani|title=The Matter of Black Lives|url=http://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/03/14/where-is-black-lives-matter-headed|accessdate=2018-10-24|agency=纽约客|date=2016-03-14|language=en|archive-date=2018-10-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016060902/https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2016/03/14/where-is-black-lives-matter-headed|dead-url=no}}</ref>。目前，在美国、[[英国]]、[[加拿大]]、[[澳大利亚]]和[[加纳]]分布着至少30个Black Lives Matter分会组织<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/uk-36982748|title=Black Lives Matter movement 'needed in UK'|publisher=BBC|date=2016-08-05|language=en|accessdate=2018-10-25|archive-date=2018-10-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181008215917/https://www.bbc.com/news/uk-36982748|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vice.com/read/patrisse-cullors-interview-michael-segalov-188|title=We Spoke to the Activist Behind #BlackLivesMatter About Racism in Britain and America|work=Vice.com|date=2015-02-02|author=Segalov, Michael|language=en|accessdate=2018-10-25|archive-date=2016-11-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161117041647/http://www.vice.com/read/patrisse-cullors-interview-michael-segalov-188/|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-07-19/black-lives-matter-movement-is-coming-to-australia/7640506|title=Black Lives Matter movement 'striking a chord with Indigenous Australians'|date=2016-07-19|website=ABC News|language=en-AU|access-date=2018-10-24|archive-date=2017-05-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170523195553/http://www.abc.net.au/news/2016-07-19/black-lives-matter-movement-is-coming-to-australia/7640506|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

===广泛运动===
目前，共有多个团体和活动家以“Black Lives Matter”为名进行更为广泛的运动。<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.colorlines.com/articles/why-its-dangerous-lump-all-black-activists-under-black-lives-matter-banner|title=Why It's Dangerous to Lump All Black Activists Under the 'Black Lives Matter' Banner|last=Naasel|first=Kenrya Rankin|date=July 20, 2016|access-date=July 22, 2016|archive-date=2019-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190514043339/https://www.colorlines.com/articles/why-its-dangerous-lump-all-black-activists-under-black-lives-matter-banner|dead-url=no}}</ref>。例如，针对美国及全球黑人社区的暴力现象持续且不断升级促使了“黑人生命运动”（Movement for Black Lives）组织的建立，BLM 就是该组织的一员<ref>{{cite web|url=https://policy.m4bl.org/about/|title=About Us - The Movement for Black Lives|publisher=|access-date=2018-10-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190502120213/https://policy.m4bl.org/about/|archive-date=2019-05-02|dead-url=yes}}</ref>。2015年，Johnetta Elzie、德瑞·麦克森、布列塔尼·Packnett和塞缪尔·欣延圭共同发起了“零号行动”（Campaign Zero），旨在政策改革以结束警察暴力。这场行动发表了十点改革草案，其中包括：取消[[破窗效应|破窗政策]]，增强社区对警察部门的监督，并建立更严格的武力使用标准<ref name="NYT_campaignzero">{{cite news|last1=Maloney|first1=Alli|title=When police turn violent, activists Brittany Packnett and Johnetta Elzie push back|url=http://nytlive.nytimes.com/womenintheworld/2015/09/29/when-police-turn-violent-activists-brittany-packnett-and-johnetta-elzie-push-back/|accessdate=July 12, 2016|agency=Women In the World|publisher=New York Times|date=September 29, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161219043331/http://nytlive.nytimes.com/womenintheworld/2015/09/29/when-police-turn-violent-activists-brittany-packnett-and-johnetta-elzie-push-back/|archive-date=2016-12-19|dead-url=yes}}</ref>。据《纽约时报》记者约翰·Eligon报道，一些活动者表达了他们对这场活动的看法，认为它过分强调了对警察暴力的立法完善<ref name="NYtimes_campaignzero">{{cite news|last1=Eligon|first1=John|title=One Slogan, Many Methods: Black Lives Matter Enters Politics|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/19/us/one-slogan-many-methods-black-lives-matter-enters-politics.html|accessdate=July 12, 2016|agency=New York Times|date=November 18, 2015|archive-date=2018-10-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181025041640/https://www.nytimes.com/2015/11/19/us/one-slogan-many-methods-black-lives-matter-enters-politics.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

==活动策略==
[[File:Black Lives Matter protest against St. Paul police brutality (21552673186).jpg|thumb|明尼苏达州[[圣保罗 (明尼苏达州)|圣保罗]] Black Lives Matter 抗议警察暴力]]
Black Lives Matter 早期曾运用社交媒体上的热门话题或标签来快速聚集民众<ref name=herbert/>。而后 Black Lives Matter 开始运用“多样化的策略手段”，而不仅限于和平方式<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.voanews.com/content/frustration-lies-behind-black-lives-matter/2915526.html|title=Frustration Lies Behind 'Black Lives Matter'|work=VOA|accessdate=November 19, 2015|archive-date=2015-11-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151119135921/http://www.voanews.com/content/frustration-lies-behind-black-lives-matter/2915526.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

===互联网与社交媒体===
2014年，美国方言学会（American Dialect Society）将 #BlackLivesMatter 选为它们的年度词汇<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.economist.com/blogs/prospero/2015/01/johnson-words-year-0|title=Johnson: Words of the year (#BlackLivesMatter)|work=The Economist|author=R.L.G.|date=January 15, 2015|accessdate=2020-06-05|archive-date=2017-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171019003353/https://www.economist.com/blogs/prospero/2015/01/johnson-words-year-0|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/lexicon_valley/2015/01/29/is_a_hashtag_a_word_the_case_of_blacklivesmatter.html|title=Is a hashtag a word? The case of #BlackLivesMatter|work=Slate.com|date=January 29, 2015|accessdate=2020-06-05|archive-date=2018-09-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180930083759/http://www.slate.com/blogs/lexicon_valley/2015/01/29/is_a_hashtag_a_word_the_case_of_blacklivesmatter.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>。《Yes!》杂志将 #BlackLivesMatter 评选为当年改变世界的十二个话题标签之一<ref>{{cite news|last1=Weedston|first1=Lindsey|title=12 Hashtags That Changed the World in 2014|url=http://www.yesmagazine.org/people-power/12-hashtags-that-changed-the-world-in-2014|accessdate=October 24, 2015|work=Yes Magazine|date=December 19, 2014|archive-date=2019-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829142841/https://www.yesmagazine.org/people-power/12-hashtags-that-changed-the-world-in-2014|dead-url=no}}</ref>。[[网络迷因]]在帮助这场[[新社会运动]]获取支持的过程中也起到了重要作用。Facebook 和 Twitter 等新兴[[信息及通信技术|資訊及通訊科技]]传播的网络爆红事件成功获取了广泛的线上支持，并将影响力溢出到线下的现实世界中<ref>{{Cite book|title=Social Movements and New Technolpages=19–34|accessdate=May 30, 2016}}</ref>。然而，“警察的命也是命”等其他的反对者们也成功地用相同的手段借此批评和揶揄这场运动，尤其抨击了其对于黑人同种族间所造成死亡犯罪的忽视<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.attn.com/stories/10015/myth-behind-anti-black-lives-matter-meme|title=3 Reasons This Anti-Black Lives Matter Meme Is Totally Wrong|last=Jaeger|first=Kyle|newspaper=ATTN:|access-date=2016-11-26|archive-date=2016-11-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161127024433/http://www.attn.com/stories/10015/myth-behind-anti-black-lives-matter-meme|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

截至2016年9月，短语“Black Lives Matter”在推特上被转发了超过了三千万次<ref>Wortham, Jenna. "Black Tweets Matter."&nbsp;''Smithsonian''&nbsp;47.5 (2016): 21.''MasterFILE Premier''. Web. 26 Oct. 2016.</ref>，黑人社区在推特上所形成的“黑人推特”圈也被认为成功为这场运动带来了国际关注。有活动家通过使用 #BlackLivesMatter 标签帮助宣传他们的运动，将其传播至更广大的社群中并将参与者团结起来<ref>[http://www.walkerart.org/magazine/2015/an-xiao-mina-activism-affirmation-internet "An Activism of Affirmation — Magazine — Walker Art Center"] {{Wayback|url=http://www.walkerart.org/magazine/2015/an-xiao-mina-activism-affirmation-internet |date=20170612015530 }}.&nbsp;''www.walkerart.org''. Retrieved&nbsp;2016-10-26.</ref>。

[[罗格斯大学]]的赫蒂彻·怀特博士（Dr. Khadijah White）认为，BLM 已经将黑人的校园运动带向了一个新的纪元。旁观者现在可以轻而易举地用手机记录下警察的暴力行为并发布在社交媒体上，这将激进行动主义推向了全世界<ref>White, Khadijah. "Black Lives on Campuses Matter: The Rise of the New Black Student Movement."&nbsp;''Soundings (13626620)''&nbsp;63 (2016): 86-97.''Academic Search Complete''. Web. 26 Oct. 2016.</ref>。

===直接行动===
[[File:OaklandBLM-4174.jpg|thumb|加州奥克兰的 Black Lives Matter 游行示威]]
BLM 通常采取[[直接行动]]策略，不惜让民众以感到不适的方式去直面种族问题，而不得不去正视问题的存在<ref name=tactics>{{cite web|last1=Tucker|first1=Bryan|title=Tactics of Black Lives Matter|url=http://kcts9.org/programs/in-close/tactics-black-lives-matter|publisher=KCTS9|6=|access-date=2020-06-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151102024356/http://kcts9.org/programs/in-close/tactics-black-lives-matter|archive-date=2015-11-02|dead-url=yes}}</ref>。BLM 以通过抗议和集会而壮大的方式闻名<ref name=maddow>{{cite web|title='Black Lives Matter' builds power through protest|url=http://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow/watch/-black-lives-matter--presses-equality-demands-501828675508|publisher=Rachel Maddow Show|accessdate=2020-06-05|archive-date=2020-06-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200606133623/https://www.msnbc.com/rachel-maddow/watch/-black-lives-matter--presses-equality-demands-501828675508|dead-url=no}}</ref>。他们也曾组织过[[装死抗议]]，包括在2015年双子城马拉松所举行的一次活动<ref name=mara>{{cite web|last1=Gottfried|first1=Mara|title=Black Lives Matter's Twin Cities Marathon protest peaceful|url=http://www.twincities.com/localnews/ci_28919683/black-lives-matter-protest-at-twin-cities-marathon|publisher=twincities.com|accessdate=2020-06-05|archive-date=2016-01-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160121172158/http://www.twincities.com/localnews/ci_28919683/black-lives-matter-protest-at-twin-cities-marathon|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

===口號===
[[File:Protesters with signs in Ferguson.jpg|thumb|left|弗格森抗议中展示的“举手了，别开枪”标语]]
运动的口号也包括了同名的“黑人的命也是命”“举手了，别开枪”（Hands up, don't shoot，[[邁克爾·布朗命案|迈克尔·布朗案]]<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/opa/press-releases/attachments/2015/03/04/doj_report_on_shooting_of_michael_brown_1.pdf|title=US Department of Justice|website=justice.gov|date=March 4, 2015|accessdate=May 30, 2016|archive-date=2019-10-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191030075424/https://www.justice.gov/sites/default/files/opa/press-releases/attachments/2015/03/04/doj_report_on_shooting_of_michael_brown_1.pdf|dead-url=no}}</ref>），“[[我不能呼吸|我不能呼吸了]]”（I can't breathe，埃里克·加纳案<ref>{{Cite web|title='I Can't Breathe': Eric Garner's Last Words Symbolize Our Predicament|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/grace-jisun-kim/i-cant-breathe-eric-garne_b_6341634.html|website=The Huffington Post|accessdate=November 18, 2015|date=December 18, 2014|last=Kim|first=Grace Ji-Sun|last2=Jackson|first2=Jesse|authorlink2=Jesse Jackson|archive-date=2017-10-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171009175424/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/grace-jisun-kim/i-cant-breathe-eric-garne_b_6341634.html|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=The Linguistic Power of the Protest Phrase 'I Can't Breathe'|url=http://www.wired.com/2014/12/ben-zimmer-on-i-cant-breathe|website=Wired|accessdate=November 18, 2015|date=December 15, 2014|last=Zimmer|first=Ben|archive-date=2020-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603125550/https://www.wired.com/2014/12/ben-zimmer-on-i-cant-breathe/|dead-url=no}}</ref>和[[乔治·弗洛伊德]]案），“白人的缄默是暴力”<ref>{{Cite news|title=Protesting racial injustice while white|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/12/11/protesting-racial-injustice-while-white|newspaper=The Washington Post|date=December 11, 2014|accessdate=November 18, 2015|issn=0190-8286|first=Abby|last=Phillip|archive-date=2020-06-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611165401/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2014/12/11/protesting-racial-injustice-while-white/|dead-url=no}}</ref>“无公义，不和平”<ref>{{Cite web|title=Tamir Rice and the Meaning of "No Justice – No Peace"|url=http://www.blackagendareport.com/tamir_rice_no_justice_no_peace|website=Black Agenda Report|accessdate=November 18, 2015|first=Glen|last=Ford|date=November 10, 2015|archive-date=2018-09-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917143220/https://www.blackagendareport.com/tamir_rice_no_justice_no_peace|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title="No Justice, No Peace": Black Lives Matter & Bernie Sanders|url=http://sociologyinfocus.com/2015/08/no-justice-no-peace-black-lives-matter-bernie-sanders|website=Sociology In Focus|accessdate=November 18, 2015|last=Palmer|first=Nathan|date=August 19, 2015|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170128200047/http://sociologyinfocus.com/2015/08/no-justice-no-peace-black-lives-matter-bernie-sanders/|archive-date=2017-01-28|dead-url=yes}}</ref>以及“我的儿子是下一个吗？”<ref>{{cite news|title=Protest against police violence, vigil for reconciliation held in Memphis|url=http://www.commercialappeal.com/news/protest-against-police-violence-begins-in-south-memphis-372841dd-ddf7-69a3-e053-0100007f2095-386078911.html|newspaper=The Commercial Appeal|date=July 8, 2016|accessdate=July 11, 2016|last=Fretland|first=Katie|last2=Connolly|first2=Daniel|archive-date=2016-09-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923001933/http://www.commercialappeal.com/news/protest-against-police-violence-begins-in-south-memphis-372841dd-ddf7-69a3-e053-0100007f2095-386078911.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>、「說出她（他）們的名字」（Say Her/Their Names）等等。

===媒体===
[[迈克尔·杰克逊]]的《[[They Don't Care About Us]]》和[[肯德里克·拉马尔]]的《Alright》都曾在集会中被广泛传唱<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/opinion/op-ed/bs-ed-messenger-king-20141209-story.html | title=Messenger King: Michael Jackson and the politics of #BlackLivesMatter | accessdate=2020-06-05 | archive-date=2020-06-11 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200611165357/https://www.baltimoresun.com/opinion/op-ed/bs-ed-messenger-king-20141209-story.html | dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/culturebox/2015/08/black_lives_matter_protesters_chant_kendrick_lamar_s_alright_what_makes.html|title=Has Kendrick Lamar Recorded the New Black National Anthem?|last=Harris|first=Aisha|date=August 3, 2015|newspaper=Slate|accessdate=May 6, 2016|archive-date=2018-12-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181213231433/http://www.slate.com/articles/arts/culturebox/2015/08/black_lives_matter_protesters_chant_kendrick_lamar_s_alright_what_makes.html|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

一部名为《Bars4justice》的短篇纪录片记录了运动中的各种活动分子和唱片艺术家们，并入选第24届泛非电影节。《Stay Woke: The Black Lives Matter Movement》是2016年一部由杰西·威廉姆斯主演的讲述这场运动的电视纪录片<ref name=HP>{{cite web|work=[[HuffPost]]|url=https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/jesse-williams-stay-woke-documentary-black-lives-matter_us_5739516ee4b077d4d6f3688a|title=Jesse Williams Wants You To 'Stay Woke' In New Film On Black Lives Matter|date=May 16, 2016|first=Lilly|last=Workneh|accessdate=December 18, 2016|archive-date=2019-02-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190208003722/https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/jesse-williams-stay-woke-documentary-black-lives-matter_us_5739516ee4b077d4d6f3688a|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.essence.com/2016/05/16/jesse-williams-chronicles-black-lives-matter-movement-powerful-documentary|work=Essence|date=May 16, 2016|title=Jesse Williams Chronicles 'Black Lives Matter' Movement in Powerful Documentary|first=Toni|last=Akindele|accessdate=December 18, 2016|archive-date=2017-07-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170730040421/http://www.essence.com/2016/05/16/jesse-williams-chronicles-black-lives-matter-movement-powerful-documentary|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

==地区命名==
2020年6月5日，美国华盛顿特区市长[[梅利爾·巴烏斯爾]]下令将{{le|西北第16街|16th Street NW}}通往白宫北门的一段路命名为“[[黑人的命也是命广场]]”，同时街道地面也被涂上巨大的“Black Lives Matter”字样，以此向[[乔治·弗洛伊德之死引发的示威活动|抗议乔治·弗洛伊德之死的示威者]]致敬。<ref name="BLM Plaza WaPo">{{cite news |last1=Nirappil |first1=Fenit |last2=Zauzmer |first2=Julie |last3=Chason |first3=Rachel |title=‘Black Lives Matter’: In giant yellow letters, D.C. mayor sends message to Trump |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/bowser-black-lives-matter-street/2020/06/05/eb44ff4a-a733-11ea-bb20-ebf0921f3bbd_story.html |accessdate=6 June 2020 |work=Washington Post |language=en |archive-date=2020-06-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200617021648/https://www.washingtonpost.com/local/dc-politics/bowser-black-lives-matter-street/2020/06/05/eb44ff4a-a733-11ea-bb20-ebf0921f3bbd_story.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>

==註釋==
{{notefoot|2}}

==参考文献==
{{Reflist|2}}

==外部連結==
*{{Facebook|BlackLivesMatter}}
*{{Twitter|Blklivesmatter}}
*{{Instagram|blklivesmatter}}

[[Category:反种族主义]]
[[Category:主題標籤]]
[[Category:非洲裔美国人民权历史]]
[[Category:2013年建立的組織]]
[[Category:2013年美國建立]]
[[Category:Black Lives Matter运动| ]]
[[Category:社會運動]]