编辑“︁鲣”︁

{{NoteTA
|G1 = Unit
|1 = zh-cn:占比;  zh-tw:比例;
}}
{{Speciesbox
| genus = Katsuwonus
| species = pelamis
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1| status_ref=<ref name = IUCN>{{cite journal | author1 = Collette, B. | author2 = Acero, A. | author3 = Amorim, A.F. | author4 = Boustany, A. | author5 = Canales Ramirez, C. | author6 = Cardenas, G. | author7 = Carpenter, K.E. | author8 = de Oliveira Leite Jr., N. | author9 = Di Natale, A. | author10 =  Fox, W. | author11 = Fredou, F.L. | author12 = Graves, J. | author13 = Guzman-Mora, A. | author14 = Viera Hazin, F.H. | author15 = Juan Jorda, M. | author16 = Kada, O. | author17 = Minte Vera, C. | author18 = Miyabe, N. | author19 = Montano Cruz, R. | author20 = Nelson, R. | author21 = Oxenford, H. | author22 = Salas, E. | author23 = Schaefer, K. | author24 = Serra, R. | author25 = Sun, C. | author26 = Teixeira Lessa, R.P. | author27 = Pires Ferreira Travassos, P.E. | author28 = Uozumi, Y.  | author29 = Yanez, E. | display-authors = 3 | year = 2011 | title = ''Katsuwonus pelamis'' | journal = [[The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species]] | volume = 2011 | page = e.T170310A6739812 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2011-2.RLTS.T170310A6739812.en }}</ref>
| image = Katsuwonus pelamis.png
| image2= Skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis) in a Philippine fish market.jpg
| authority = [[卡尔·林奈|Linnaeus]], 1758<ref name='id8221'>{{cite web| url =http://www.bioinfo.cn/db05/BjdwSpecies.php?action=view&id=8221| title =鲣| work =中国动物物种编目数据库| publisher =中国科学院微生物研究所| author =中国科学院动物研究所| accessdate =2009-04-16| deadurl =yes| archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20160305022912/http://www.bioinfo.cn/db05/BjdwSpecies.php?action=view&id=8221| archivedate =2016-03-05}}</ref>
| synonyms =  {{collapsible list|bullets = true || ''Thynnus vagans''<br /><small>Lesson, 1829</small>
| ''Gymnosarda pelamys''<br /><small>Linnaeus, 1758</small>
| ''Thinnus pelamis''<br /><small>Linnaeus, 1758</small>
| ''Thynnus pelamis''<br /><small>Linnaeus, 1758</small>
| ''Orcynus pelamis''<br /><small>Linnaeus, 1758</small>
| ''Scomber pelamis''<br /><small>Linnaeus, 1758</small>
| ''Scomber pelamys''<br /><small>Linnaeus, 1758</small>
| ''Gymnosarda pelamis''<br /><small>Linnaeus, 1758</small>
| ''Scomber pelamides''<br /><small>Lacepède, 1801</small>
| ''Euthynnus pelamys''<br /><small>Linnaeus, 1758</small>
| ''Thynnus pelamys''<br /><small>Linnaeus, 1758</small>
| ''Euthynnus pelamis''<br /><small>Linnaeus, 1758</small>
| ''Orcynus pelamys''<br /><small>Linnaeus, 1758</small> }}
}}

'''{{zy|鰹|jiān|ㄐㄧㄢ}}'''（[[学名]]：{{langx|la|''Katsuwonus pelamis''}}；skipjack tuna、balaya, tongkol, arctic bonito, mushmouth, oceanic bonito, striped tuna、victor fish），又稱'''小杜仲'''、'''杜仲'''、'''正鰹'''、'''烟仔'''、'''小串'''、'''柴鱼'''，为[[鯖科]]'''鲣属'''的[[單型|唯一一種]]，是一种重要的渔业鱼类。

== 分布 ==
本魚分布于全球各大洋水深0－260公尺的溫暖海域。有时鲣鱼会跟随洋流迁徙至高緯度海域，例如日本海。<ref name='id8221'/>

== 特徵 ==
本魚體呈紡錘型，橫斷面幾近於圓形，頭稍大，尾柄細強，尾鰭分叉。除胸甲與側線有鱗外，全體均光滑無鱗。背部暗青色，腹部銀白色，側線下方有4－10條暗灰色之縱紋，背鰭硬棘14－16枚；背鰭軟條14－15枚；臀鰭硬棘0枚；臀鰭軟條14－15枚；脊椎骨41個，體長1至3米，寿命8至12年。<ref name=FAOspcat>{{Cite book
| publisher = [[Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations]]
| page = 137
| last = Collette
| first = Bruce B.
| author2=Cornelia E. Nauen
 | title = FAO species catalogue. Vol. 2. Scombrids of the world. An annotated and illustrated catalogue of tunas, mackerels, bonitos and other related species known to date
| location = Rome
| series = FAO Fisheries Synopsis
| year = 1983
| url = ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/009/ac478e/ac478e00.pdf
}}</ref>

其用来运动的骨骼肌佔体重占比达68%，是所有动物中最高的<ref>{{Cite book|last=Calder|first=William A.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-iBS6-2OO3wC&pg=PA19| title= Size, Function, and Life History| date= 1996| publisher=Courier Corporation| isbn= 978-0-486-69191-6| pages= 19|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Bone|first=Q.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wnjnyAafAzUC&dq=bone%201978%20locomotor%20muscle&pg=PA362|title=Locomotor muscle| date= 1978| publisher=Academic Press|isbn=978-0-08-058527-7|location=Fish physiology |pages=362|language=en}}</ref>。

== 生態 ==
[[File:Worldwide capture of Katsuwonus pelamis from 1950.svg|thumb|左|1950年以來每年漁獲量]]
本魚喜好清澈溫暖的表層水域，在熱帶海域中定居，而在溫帶海域則呈季節性移棲洄游，小型魚在前上方；老成魚在後下方，有靠近船舷猛吃灑餌的現象，不食死餌。

== 經濟利用 ==
[[file:Katsuobushi block.JPG|thumb|[[鰹魚乾]]（柴魚）]]
[[file:Katsuobushi 02.jpg|thumb|[[魚乾片]]（柴魚片）]]
相當重要的經濟魚類，味甚佳，可製成[[柴魚片]]、罐頭及[[生魚片]]。2018年，全球共捕获320万吨鲣，是海鱼中捕获量第三高的，仅次于[[秘鲁鳀]]和[[阿拉斯加鳕鱼]]<ref>{{cite book |url= https://www.fao.org/state-of-fisheries-aquaculture |title=The State of World Fisheries and Aquaculture 2020 |publisher= Food and Agriculture Organization |website= fao.org |year=2022 |doi=10.4060/cc0461en |hdl=10535/3776 |isbn=978-92-5-136364-5 |access-date=2022-03-08 |url-status=live |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20220304201651/https://www.fao.org/state-of-fisheries-aquaculture |archive-date=2022-03-04 }}</ref>。

== 参考文献 ==
{{reflist}}

== 外部連結 ==
* {{Commons-inline|Katsuwonus pelamis}}
* {{sealifephotos|127018}}
* [http://www.fishwatch.gov/seafood_profiles/species/tuna/species_pages/pacific_skipjack_tuna.htm Pacific skipjack tuna] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fishwatch.gov/seafood_profiles/species/tuna/species_pages/pacific_skipjack_tuna.htm |date=20150924013536 }} ''NOAA FishWatch''. Retrieved 5 November 2012.
* [http://www.fishwatch.gov/seafood_profiles/species/tuna/species_pages/atl_skipjack_tuna.htm Western Atlantic skipjack tuna] {{Wayback|url=http://www.fishwatch.gov/seafood_profiles/species/tuna/species_pages/atl_skipjack_tuna.htm |date=20150924013523 }} ''NOAA FishWatch''. Retrieved 5 November 2012.
* {{FishBase_species|genus=Katsuwonus|species=pelamis|year=2011|month=12}}
* [https://fishdb.sinica.edu.tw/ 台灣魚類資料庫] {{Wayback|url=https://fishdb.sinica.edu.tw/ |date=20160304193340 }}

{{Tuna|state=autocollapse}}
{{捕捞渔业及水产养殖|state=autocollapse}}
{{Authority control}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q633957}}

[[Category:IUCN红色名录无危物种|K]]
[[Category:食用魚|K]]
[[Category:鲭科|K]]
[[Category:1758年描述的魚類|K]]