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{{Rough translation}} {{noteTA |G1=Aero |G2=Unit |G3=USGov |G4=IT |G5=地名 |G6=Toponym |2=zh-cn:洛克希德; zh-hk:洛歇; zh-tw:洛克希德; }} {{Infobox aircraft | name = 波音777 | logo = Boeing 777 logo.svg{{!}}class=skin-invert | image = Japan.airlines.b777-300.ja733j.arp.jpg <!-- Flight images are preferred for aircraft. Do not change image without a discussion on the talk page first, thanks. --> | caption = [[日本航空]]的一架波音777-300ER | long caption = | alt = Front quarter view of the first 777 built in flight wearing [[Cathay Pacific]] livery and with flaps partially extended and landing gear retracted. | aim = 跨太平洋远程双发宽体客机 | national origin = {{USA}} | manufacturer = [[波音民用飞机集团]] | first flight = 1994年6月12日 | introduced = 1995年6月7日([[聯合航空]]) | produced = 1993年至今 | retired = | status = 服役中,生產中,777X開發中。 | primary user = [[阿聯酋航空]]<br>[[卡塔尔航空]]<br>[[日本航空]]<br>[[联合航空]] | more users = [[阿提哈德航空]] | number built = 1,734 ({{as of|2024|6|lc=y}}的交付量)<ref name=O_D_summ/><ref name=777_O_D_summ/><ref name=BoeingOD/> | developed from = | variants with their own articles = [[波音777X]] | developed into = }} '''波音777'''({{langx|en|Boeing 777}},通常被稱為“Triple Seven”)是由[[波音民用飞机集团|波音民用飛機集團]]開發和製造的長程[[廣體飛機|宽体客机]],也是世界上最大的[[雙發噴射機|雙引擎喷气式]][[廣體客機|客機]]<ref>{{cite journal |last=Grantham |first=Russell |date=2008-02-29 |title=Delta's new Boeing 777 Can Fly Farther, Carry More |journal={{le|亞特蘭大憲法報|The Atlanta Journal-Constitution}}|quote=Delta will put the new "triple seven" — as airline folks call the jet — into service March 8.|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Robertson |first=David |date=2009-03-13 |title=Workhorse Jet Has Been Huge Success with Airlines that Want to Cut Costs |url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/transport/article5898240.ece |work=The Times |location=英國倫敦 |publisher=Times Newspapers |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110612140321/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/transport/article5898240.ece |archive-date=2011-06-12|language=en}}</ref>。<!--發展-->777旨在彌補波音其他廣體機型(雙引擎[[波音767|767]]和四引擎[[波音747|747]])之間的空缺,並取代[[麥道DC-10]]和[[洛歇L-1011]][[三引擎噴射機]]等舊機型。波音777計劃是波音公司與八家主要航空公司協商制定的,並於1990年1月舉行了第一次會議,隨後在[[聯合航空]]公司的訂單下於10月啟動。777原型機於1994年4月推出,並於6月首飛。1995年6月開始由啟始客戶美國聯合航空公司運營777,其更長航程的型號777-300ER於2000年推出,並於2004年首次交付。 <!--設計-->波音777客艙寬近6公尺,其設計可一排容納十張座椅<ref>{{Cite web|title=一共交付2785架:波音宽体机777和787功能和性能的比较分析|url=https://m.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_24535918|website=m.thepaper.cn|access-date=2024-09-02|archive-date=2024-09-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240902165718/https://m.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_24535918|dead-url=no}}</ref>,其典型的三艙布局可搭載301至368名乘客,航程为5240-8555海里(9704-15844公里),777不但以其大直徑[[渦輪扇發動機|渦扇發動機]]、六輪主[[起落架]]、全圓形機身橫截面{{sfn|Birtles|1998|pp=52}}、和葉片形尾翼為特色{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|p=89}},且為第一款配置[[線傳飛控系統|电傳]]的波音飞机。 波音777[[最大起飞重量|最大起飛重量]](MTOW)為{{convert|545,000-660,000|lb|t|disp=flip}}。波音777初始型號包含最先推出的777-200、1997年推出較長航程的-200ER、以及1998年推出加長{{convert|33.25|ft|disp=flip}}的777-300。這些777經典客機由推力{{convert|77,200-98000|lbf|kN|disp=flip}}的[[通用電氣GE90]]、[[普惠PW4000]]或[[罗尔斯·罗伊斯遄达800|罗尔斯罗伊斯遄達800]]發動機提供動力<ref name=Flight1sep2017/>。後續在2004年推出777-300ER,其最大起飛重量為{{convert|700,000-775,000|lb|t|disp=flip}},並在2006年和2009年分別推出777-200LR和777F[[貨機]]。這些型號的唯一选项是推力110000磅的GE90發動機,還具有擴展的[[翼尖小翼|后掠式翼梢小翼]]。2013年11月,波音宣布開發[[波音777X|777X]]-8和-9型號,並計劃採用帶折疊翼尖的[[复合材料]]機翼和[[通用电气GE9X|通用電氣GE9X]]發動機。 {{as of|2023|6|df=US|lc=y|since=n}},已有60多家客戶<!--The unidentified customers are grouped as one by Boeing. JAL Domestic and International air counted as one-->訂購2,149架波音777客機,並完成交付1,710架,其中最常見的777-300ER型號,在837架飛機訂單中就有832架完成交付<ref name=777_O_D_summ/>,因此在2018年3月,777的產量超過747,而成為產量最多的波音[[廣體客機|寬體]]喷气式客机<ref>{{Cite news |url= https://centreforaviation.com/analysis/reports/boeings-747-aircraft-fleet-the-original-jumbo-overtaken-by-the-777-413338 |date= 2018-04-28 |title= Boeing's 747 aircraft fleet: the original jumbo, overtaken by the 777 |work= CAPA - centre for aviation |language= en |accessdate= 2023-07-17 |archive-date= 2023-04-04 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230404074205/https://centreforaviation.com/analysis/reports/boeings-747-aircraft-fleet-the-original-jumbo-overtaken-by-the-777-413338 |dead-url= no }}</ref>。在2018年,[[阿聯酋航空]]因為擁有163架777客機而成為777的最大運營商<ref name=FlightCensus>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/asset/24536|title=World Airline Census 2018|work=飛行國際|language=en-GB|date=2018-08-21|access-date= 2018-08-21|archive-date=2018-11-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106212640/https://www.flightglobal.com/asset/24536|url-status=live}}</ref>,到2023年8月,仍擁有144架777繼續營運<ref>{{cite web|title=Emirates Fleet Details and History|url=https://www.planespotters.net/airline/Emirates|accessdate=2023-08-07|website=Planespotters|language=en|archive-date=2018-07-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180701030445/https://www.planespotters.net/airline/Emirates|dead-url=no}}</ref>。{{As of|2021|September}},777已發生8起致命事故<ref name=ASNdatabase/>,共造成541人死亡,以及3起[[劫機]]事件<ref name=ASNlosses/><ref name=ASNstatistics/>。 ==發展== ===背景=== [[File:Boeing 777-100 Trijet Concept Model.jpg|thumb|波音777-100三引擎噴射機概念機]] 1970年代初,[[波音747]]、[[麥道DC-10]]和[[洛克希德L-1011]]三星成為第一代投入運營的[[廣體客機|寬體客機]]{{sfn|Wells|Rodrigues|2004|p=146}},因此波音公司在1978年推出三款新機型,分別為取代[[波音727|727]]的雙引擎[[波音757|757]]、挑戰[[空客A300]]的雙引擎[[波音767|767]]以及與DC-10和L-1011競爭的[[三引擎噴射機|三发]]777概念機<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,946981,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118220221/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C946981%2C00.html |archive-date=2007-11-18 |title=The 1980s Generation |work=時代雜誌|date=1978-08-14 |access-date=2008-07-19 |url-status=dead|language=en}}</ref>{{sfn|Eden|2008|pp=98, 102–103}}<ref>{{cite magazine |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%200788.html |title= Boeing 767 and 777 |magazine= Flight International |date= 1978-05-13 |access-date= 2018-09-10 |archive-date= 2018-11-06 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181106212301/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1978/1978%20-%200788.html |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>。中型757和767在市場上取得成功,其部分歸功於1980年代關於管理跨洋雙發噴射機運營的[[双发延程飞行|双发延程飞行(ETOPS)180]]法規{{sfn|Eden|2008|pp=99–104}},允許在距離[[航路备降机场|備降機場]]180分钟的距离内跨洋{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=128}},因此航空公司開始使用767來執飛不需要高載客量的長途國際航線{{sfn|Eden|2008|pp=99–104}}。由於市場研究發現客戶偏愛757和767,因此取消三引擎777計畫{{sfn|Yenne|2002|p=33}},這使波音在[[波音747|747]]和[[波音767|767]]之間有一個航程和載客量級距空缺<ref name=Eden112>{{Harvnb|Eden|2008|p=112}}</ref>。 到1980年代末,DC-10和L-1011型號已接近退役階段,促使製造商開發替代設計{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=126}}。麥道公司正在研發DC-10的後繼機型[[MD-11]]{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=126}},空中客车公司正在開發其[[A330]]和[[A340]]系列{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=126}},而波音公司在1986年公佈暫定名為「767-X」的擴大767提案{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=127}},不但瞄準DC-10等第一代寬體客機的替代市場{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=128}},而且能擴充現有的767和747型號{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=106}}。最初的提案包括比現有767更長的機身和更大的機翼{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=127}},以及[[翼尖小翼]]{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|2001|p=11}},而在後來的計劃中擴大機身,但保留現有的767駕駛艙、機鼻和其他元件{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=127}}。 然而,航空公司對767-X提案不感興趣,而是想要更寬的機身橫截面、完全靈活的內部配-{置}-、短途至洲際航程的能力、以及低於767的燃油消耗{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=128}},再加上航空公司對大型飛機的要求變得越來越具體時,就加劇飛機製造商之間的競爭{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=126}},因此波音公司到1988年才意識到唯一的答案就是「全新設計一架雙噴氣式飛機」{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|pp=9–14}}。波音公司考量到過去的成功設計、量身開發發動機、和低成本的優勢,而且當年FAA開放了[[ETOPS|ETOPS 180]],而最終選擇雙發配置來設計777{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=129}},並在1989年12月8日開始向航空公司報價{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=127}}。 ===開發工作=== [[File:Transaero 777-200ER flight deck.jpg|thumb|兩名機組人員的[[玻璃駕駛艙]]採用[[線傳飛控系統]]|alt=從兩個飛行員座位後面看,是駕駛艙。中控台位於座椅之間,前面是一個帶有多個顯示屏的儀表板,光線從前窗進入。]] [[艾倫·穆拉利]]曾擔任波音777項目的工程總監,並於1992年9月晉升為项目副總裁兼總經理<ref name="Boeing-bio">{{cite web|title=Executive Biographies: Alan Mulally|publisher=Boeing|url=http://www.boeing.com/companyoffices/aboutus/execprofiles/mulally.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060831153720/http://www.boeing.com/companyoffices/aboutus/execprofiles/mulally.html|archive-date=2006-08-31|access-date=2006-09-05|date=2006年5月|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/boeing-777-history-2017-6|title=The glorious history of the best plane Boeing has ever built|first=Benjamin|last=Zhang|website=Business Insider|access-date=2019-09-22|archive-date=2019-09-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190922024854/https://www.businessinsider.com/boeing-777-history-2017-6|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。這次的新型雙發噴氣式飛機777之設計階段與波音以前的商用噴氣式飛機不同,有八家主要航空公司——[[全日空]]、[[美國航空]]、[[英國航空]]、[[國泰航空]]、[[達美航空]]、[[日本航空]]、[[澳洲航空]]和[[聯合航空]]——共同參與了開發{{sfn|Birtles|1998|pp=13–16}},並成為該公司的先例<ref name=inside777>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/19/business/new-boeing-airliner-shaped-by-the-airlines.html |title=New Boeing Airliner Shaped by the Airlines |date=1990-12-19 |last=Weiner |first=Eric |work=紐約時報|access-date=2011-05-08 |archive-date=2011-12-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111211082155/http://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/19/business/new-boeing-airliner-shaped-by-the-airlines.html |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>,因此為設計過程做出貢獻的八家航空公司在波音內部被稱為“合作”小組{{sfn|Birtles|1998|pp=13–16}}。在1990年1月的第一次小組會議上,向八家航空公司個別發了一份23頁的調查問卷,並詢問彼此對設計的要求{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=128}},到1990年3月,波音和航空公司已經確認基本的設計配置,包含類似波音747的客機截面、可容納最多325人的客艙、靈活的內裝、玻璃駕駛艙、線傳飛控系統、以及低於A330和MD-11百分之十的燃油消耗等{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=128}},除了澳洲航空最后没有下订单以外,项目进行的还算顺利<ref>{{Cite web |title=Why Qantas Never Ordered The Boeing 777 |url=https://simpleflying.com/qantas-777-order/ |website=Simple Flying |date=2020-10-13 |language=en |last=Cummins |first=Nicholas |access-date=2026-03-23}}</ref>。而波音公司另外決定在華盛頓州的[[波音埃弗里特工厂|埃弗雷特工廠]](747的生產基地)設為777的最終組裝工廠<ref>{{cite web |last=Lane |first=Polly |url=http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19911201&slug=1320330 |title=Aerospace Company May Be Rethinking Commitment To The Puget Sound Area |work=[[西雅图时报]] |date=1991-12-01 |access-date=2009-10-15 |archive-date=2011-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811212808/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19911201&slug=1320330 |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。 聯合航空在汰換DC-10的同時{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|p=14}},在1990年10月14日以110億美元訂購34架由[[普惠公司]]提供動力的波音777,並擁有另外34架飛機的选择权,成為777的啟動客戶{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=132}}<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,971474,00.html |title=Business Notes: Aircraft |work=時代雜誌|date=1990-10-29 |access-date=2008-07-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071118220227/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0%2C9171%2C971474%2C00.html |archive-date=2007-11-18 |url-status=dead|language=en}}</ref>,聯航另外也要求新飛機能夠執飛三種不同的航線:芝加哥飛往夏威夷、芝加哥飛往歐洲以及從[[丹佛]]直飛夏威夷{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|p=14}},因此ETOPS認證針對聯航夏威夷航線部分也是重點評鑑項目之一{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|p=13}}{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=132}}。1993年1月,聯航開發團隊與其他航空公司團隊和波音設計師共同在艾弗雷特工廠分工合作{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|p=15}},並在飛機製造上做設計方面的改善{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|p=20}},像是把機身直徑增加、加長基礎型號、增加內置測試和內部靈活性{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=128}}、以及更大的重量操作等<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-64618874.html |title=BA Gets New 777 Model |work=Seattle Post-Intelligencer |date=1997-02-10 |access-date=2015-07-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105222755/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-64618874.html |archive-date=2012-11-05|language=en}}</ref>。 波音777是第一架使用电脑设计的商用飛機{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=106}}{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=132}}<ref>{{cite book|title=An Introduction to Mechanical Engineering.|url=https://archive.org/details/introductiontome0003wick|publisher=Cl-Engineering|isbn=978-1-111-57680-6|page=第19頁|quote=As an example, the Boeing 777 was the first commercial airliner developed through a paperless computer-aided design process.|date=2012年1月|language=en}}</ref>,其設計圖都是由三維[[计算机辅助设计|CAD]]軟體系統[[CATIA]]創建的{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=133}},因此可以讓工程師在模擬環境中組裝虛擬飛機,以檢查干擾情況並驗證數千個零件是否吻合,從而在實際組裝上減少不必要的人力成本{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|pp=133–134}}。波音公司另外開發了其高性能可視化系統FlyThru,後來稱為IVT(集成可視化工具),以支持大規模協作工程設計審查、生產插圖以及CAD數據在工程之外的其他用途{{sfn|Abarbanel|McNeely|1996|p=124}}{{efn|2010年,IVT在波音仍然活躍,擁有超過29,000名用戶。}}。波音公司起初並不相信CATIA的能力,並建立了機頭部分的物理[[mockup|模型]]來驗證其結果,不過其測試結果獲得成功後取消了額外的模型{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|p=21}},因此777的“完成精度如此之高,以至於它是第一架不需要在昂貴的實體模型飛機上解決其問題的波音噴射飛機”,與波音下一款新型客機[[波音787|787]]的開發形成鮮明對比<ref>{{Cite magazine|url=https://newrepublic.com/article/154944/boeing-737-max-investigation-indonesia-lion-air-ethiopian-airlines-managerial-revolution|title=Crash Course|first=Maureen|last=Tkacik|date=2019-09-18|magazine=The New Republic|access-date= 2019-09-22|archive-date=2019-09-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190919185120/https://newrepublic.com/article/154944/boeing-737-max-investigation-indonesia-lion-air-ethiopian-airlines-managerial-revolution|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,最終777研發計劃總共耗資50億美元<ref>AW&ST April 26, 1999, p. 39</ref>。 ===進入生產和測試=== 生產過程包括相當多的國際元素,為波音噴射客機中前所未有的全球分包水平{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=108}},只不過在後來被787超越<ref>{{cite news|last=Hise|first=Phaedra|url=https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fsb/fsb_archive/2007/07/01/100123032/index.htm|title=The power behind Boeing's 787 Dreamliner|publisher=CNN|date=2007-07-09|access-date=2009-10-15|archive-date=2009-12-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091224191628/http://money.cnn.com/magazines/fsb/fsb_archive/2007/07/01/100123032/index.htm|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。國際協力廠商包括[[三菱重工]]和[[川崎重工]](機身面板部分)<ref name=asia777>{{cite news |last=Richardson |first=Michael |url=http://spiderbites.nytimes.com/iht/1994/02/00000.html |title=Demand for Airliners Is Expected to Soar: Asia's High-Flying Market |work=International Herald Tribune |date=1994-02-23 |access-date=2009-03-20 |archive-date=2011-07-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110714220622/http://spiderbites.nytimes.com/iht/1994/02/00000.html |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>、[[富士重工業株式會社]](中心機翼部分)<ref name=asia777/>、英国德哈维兰(升降舵部分)和澳大利亚航空航天技术(方向舵部分){{sfn|Sabbagh|1995|pp=112–114}},而波音公司另外與代表日本航空航天承包商的日本飛機開發公司之間達成的一項協議,使日本飛機開發公司可以成為整個開發計劃的20%風險共擔合作夥伴{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=108}}。最初的777-200型號在推出時提供[[通用電氣]]、[[普惠公司|普惠]]和[[罗尔斯·罗伊斯控股|罗尔斯罗伊斯]]這三個製造商的發動機{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|pp=136–137}},可供各個航空公司做選擇<ref name=777XGE90>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2000/03/01/62872/a-question-of-choice.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414031600/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2000/03/01/62872/a-question-of-choice.html |archive-date=2009-04-14 |title=A question of choice |work=Flight International |date=2000-01-03 |access-date=2009-03-29|language=en}}</ref>,因此這三個發動機製造商都同意為世界上最大的雙噴氣發動機開發一款推力{{convert|77000|lbf|kN|disp=flip|abbr=on}}或更高推力等級的發動機{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|pp=136–137}}。 {{multiple image | align = center | width = | image1 = N7771@GVA;09.09.1995 - engine (6084012344).jpg | width1 = 183 | caption1 = [[普惠PW4000]] | alt1 = 客機渦輪風扇發動機 | image2 = 9V-SQI - c-n 28530 - 777-212ER - Singapore Airlines - Singapore - Changi (8392103750) (cropped).jpg | width2 = 180 | caption2 = [[罗尔斯·罗伊斯遄达800]] | alt2 = 客機渦輪風扇發動機 | image3 = PH-BVC KLM (3701878334).jpg | width3 = 180 | caption3 = [[通用電氣GE90]]-94B | alt3 = 客機渦輪風扇發動機 }} 為了容許新客機的生產,波音公司花費近15億美元將艾弗雷特工廠的規模擴大了一倍{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=132}},並為兩條新的[[裝配線]]提供空間{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|p=14}},波音公司另外也開發新的生產技術,包括一台可以將機身組件旋轉180度的旋轉機器,以便讓工人可以進入機身的上部區域進行作業{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=133}}。第一架777飛機的主要組裝在1993年1月4日開始時{{sfn|Sabbagh|1995|pp=168–169}},已累積118份777客機確認訂單,還有來自10家航空公司的95個選擇權<ref name=777begin>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1993/1993%20-%200691.html |title=Boeing prepares for stretched 777 launch |date=1993-03-31 |last=Norris |first=Guy |work=Flight International |access-date=2011-05-08 |archive-date=2012-07-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120724142504/http://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1993/1993%20-%200691.html |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。最終,波音公司對該項目的總投資估計超過40億美元,而供應商另外投資20億美元{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|p=7}}。 [[File:Boeing 777 in then-Boeing livery K58552.jpg|thumb|left|777於1994年6月12日進行[[首飛]]|alt=飛行中的雙引擎噴氣式飛機的側視圖,周圍環繞著白雲]] 1994年4月9日,第一架777(機身編號:WA001)在100,000名貴賓的出席之下正式揭幕{{sfn|Sabbagh|1995|pp=256–259}},並於1994年6月12日由首席試飛員約翰·E·卡什曼的領導下首飛{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=107}}{{sfn|Birtles|1998|p=25}},這標誌著為期11個月的飛行測試計劃正式展開<ref>{{cite web |url=http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19930816&slug=1716209 |title=Boeing's 777 Will Be Tops When It Comes To ETOPS |work=[[西雅图时报]] |last=Andersen |first=Lars |date=1993-08-16 |access-date=2009-03-20 |archive-date=2011-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811212724/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=19930816&slug=1716209 |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。九架配備通用電氣、普惠和勞斯萊斯發動機的飛機{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=107}}在沙漠環境的加利福尼亞州[[爱德华兹空军基地]]{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=144}}和寒冷環境的阿拉斯加州[[费尔班克斯国际机场]]進行來回飛行測試{{sfn|Birtles|1998|p=40}},另外也進行8次長達180分鐘的單引擎試飛以滿足ETOPS的要求{{sfn|Birtles|1998|p=20}}。波音公司於1994年至1996年間將第一架777飛機用於[[無損檢測]],並為-200ER和-300型號提供了數據{{sfn|Birtles|1999|p=34}},飛行測試完成後,777於1995年4月19日同時獲得[[美國聯邦航空管理局]](FAA)和[[歐洲联合航空局]](JAA)的適航認證{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=107}}。 ===投入服務=== [[File:Boeing 777-222, United Airlines JP6447146.jpg|thumb|1995年5月15日,[[聯合航空]]接收第一架波音777-200客機,並於6月7日首次商業發行。]] 波音公司於1995年5月15日向聯合航空公司交付了第一架777{{sfn|Birtles|1998|p=69}}<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-16824929.html |title=First Boeing 777 delivery goes to United Airlines|work=Business Wire |date=1995-05-15 |access-date=2015-07-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110820160122/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-16824929.html |archive-date=2011-08-20|language=en}}</ref>,15天後,FAA把180分鐘ETOPS認證(“[[ETOPS|ETOPS-180]]”)授予採用[[普惠PW4000|普惠PW4084]]發動機的777,使其成為第一架在投入使用時就獲得ETOPS-180評級的客機{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=139}}。1995年6月7日執行從倫敦[[希思羅機場]]飛往華盛頓特區[[杜勒斯國際機場]]的第一次商業飛行{{sfn|Birtles|1998|p=80}},並於1996年10月獲得207分鐘ETOPS認證{{efn|180分鐘ETOPS認證於1996年10月3日授予[[通用電氣GE90]]動力的777,並於1996年10月10日授予[[罗尔斯·罗伊斯遄达800|勞斯萊斯遄達800]]動力的777。}}。 1995年11月12日,波音向英國航空公司交付了第一架配備[[通用電氣GE90]]-77B動力客機<ref name=Eden2004>Eden 2004,第115頁.</ref>,並於五天後投入使用{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=143}}。最初的服務受到變速箱軸承磨損問題的影響,這導致英國航空公司於1997年暫時停止其777機隊的跨大西洋服务{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=143}},英航在同年晚些時候宣布恢復全面服務的同時{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=144}},通用電氣也宣布對發動機進行升級{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=144}}。 1996年3月31日,波音公司將首架搭載[[罗尔斯·罗伊斯遄达800|罗罗遄達877]]發動機的777交付給[[泰國國際航空]]公司<ref name=Eden2004/>,除了完成最初為該客機開發的三個動力裝置的引入{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=147}},其搭配上述發動機的777自投入使用起皆已獲得ETOPS-180認證{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|pp=146–147}}。到1997年6月,來自25家航空公司的777訂單數量達到323架,其中包括在使用上很滿意的啟始客戶也增購了更多777客機{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=107}},因此這樣的運營績效可以確定雙發噴氣式飛機在長途跨洋航線上的一致能力,從而帶來了額外的銷售<ref name=roar>{{cite web |url=http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_45/b3958033.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090302162321/http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/content/05_45/b3958033.htm |archive-date=2009-03-02 |title=Boeing Roars Ahead |work=BusinessWeek |date=2005-11-06 |access-date=2008-12-01|language=en}}</ref>。到1998年,波音公司宣布777的總飛行時數已接近90萬小時{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=148}},並表示777機隊的調度可靠性(因技術問題延誤不超過15分鐘的登機口起飛率)高於99%<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gnieob.com/assets/pdf/commercial/777family/pdf/reliability.pdf |title=777 Reliability Data |publisher=波音公司|url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140202125240/http://www.gnieob.com/assets/pdf/commercial/777family/pdf/reliability.pdf |archive-date=2014-02-02|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230720032117/https://www.nbcnews.com/business/consumer/trouble-plagued-dreamliner-only-98-reliable-boeing-admits-n15691|archive-date=2023-07-20|title=Trouble-Plagued Dreamliner Only 98% Reliable, Boeing Admits|url=https://www.nbcnews.com/business/consumer/trouble-plagued-dreamliner-only-98-reliable-boeing-admits-n15691|publisher=路透|via=NBC News|language=en|date=2014-01-24|accessdate=2023-07-20|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.boeing.com/boeing/commercial/777family/pf/pf_background.page |title=777 |work=波音公司 |access-date=2015-04-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150330020241/http://www.boeing.com/boeing/commercial/777family/pf/pf_background.page|archive-date=2015-03-30|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.avbuyer.com/articles/detail.asp?Id=2363 |title=Aircraft Reliability |last1=Wyndham |first1=David |date=2012年10月 |website=AvBuyer |publisher=World Aviation Communication Ltd |access-date=2014-01-23 |archive-date=2014-02-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140221210535/http://www.avbuyer.com/articles/detail.asp?Id=2363 |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。 ===初始型號=== [[File:Cathay Pacific B777-300(B-HNG) (4356201094).jpg|thumb|[[國泰航空]]於1998年5月27日接收加長型777-300]] 在最初的型號登場之後,波音繼續開發具有更大的航程和有效[[酬載]]能力的777-200增重型號{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=113}}。最初命名為「777-200IGW」{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=112–113}}的777-200ER於1996年10月7日首飛<ref name="Boe_777_back"/>,在1997年1月17日獲得FAA和JAA認證後<ref name="Haenggi_2003"/>,於1997年2月9日開始在英國航空公司服役<ref name="Haenggi_2003">Haenggi, Michael. "777 Triple Seven Revolution". ''Boeing Widebodies''. St. Paul, Minnesota: MBI, 2003年. {{ISBN|0-7603-0842-X}}.</ref>。該型號提供了更出色的長途性能,成為2000年代初期訂購最廣泛的飛機型號{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=113}}。1997年4月2日,[[馬航]]一架名為“超級遊俠”的-200ER以21小時23分鐘的飛行時間從[[西雅圖]][[波音機場]]向東飛往[[KLIA|吉隆坡]],並以{{convert|10823|nmi}}不間斷飛行距離,打破了客機不间断飛行距離記錄{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=148}}。 推出-200ER後,波音公司將設計重點放在777的加長版,777-300在1997年10月16日首飛後<ref name="Boe_777_back">{{cite web |url=http://www.boeing.com/commercial/777family/background.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090608062814/http://www.boeing.com/commercial/777family/background.html |archive-date=2009-06-08 |title=The Boeing 777 Program Background |work=Boeing |access-date=2009-06-06|language=en}}</ref>,以{{convert|242.4|ft|disp=flip}}的長度,成為到A340-600推出前長度最長的客機,其載客貨量亦比標準長度型號高出20%{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=151}},1998年5月4日同時獲得FAA和JAA的型號認證後{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|2001|p=125}},於1998年5月27日開始由啟動客戶國泰航空服役<ref name="Boe_777_back"/>{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|pp=151–157}}。因此,第一代波音777型號-200、-200ER和-300此後統稱為波音777的經典機型<ref name=Flight1sep2017/>。 ===第二代型號=== [[File:Engine of Jet Airways Boeing 777-300ER.jpg|thumb|裝在後續客機型號的更強大[[通用電氣GE90|GE90]]發動機具有直徑128英寸(330公分)的風扇,而早期型號的風扇直徑為123英寸(310公分),並且採用彎曲葉片而不是直葉片。|alt=飛機發動機,前向視圖,前面有一位波音工程師,展示發動機的尺寸。 發動機的大型圓形進氣口包含一個帶有漩渦標記的中心輪轂,周圍環繞著多個彎曲的風扇葉片。]] 777計劃剛開始時,波音就考慮建造[[不经停航班|超遠程]]型號{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=165}},早期計劃以777-100X為中心{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|pp=165–167}},不僅重量減輕,還使航程增加{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|pp=165–167}}<ref name="777-100X">{{cite web |last=Norris |first=Guy |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/1996/05/15/16991/boeing-sets-decision-date-for-new-versions-of-777.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414031554/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/1996/05/15/16991/boeing-sets-decision-date-for-new-versions-of-777.html |archive-date=2009-04-14|title=Boeing sets decision date for new versions of 777|work=Flight International|date=1996-05-15|access-date=2009-03-29|language=en}}</ref>。然而,在運營成本相似的情況下,-100X的載客量卻比-200少,從而導致每個座位的成本更高{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|pp=165–167}}<ref name="777-100X"/>,因此到1990年代末時,其設計規劃就轉向現有型號的遠程版本{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|pp=165–167}}。 波音董事會在1997年3月批准777-200X和300X的規格:200X分為三個艙等,可容納298名乘客,其最大航程超過{{convert|8600|nmi}};300X分為三個艙等,可容納355名乘客,其最大航程約為{{convert|6600|nmi}}。設計凍結計劃於1998年5月進行,並在2000年8月200X取得認證後於9月推出,而300X則於2001年1月推出<ref name=Flight5mar1997/>。新的777設計不僅把機翼加寬了{{convert|1.37|m}}及強化,燃油容量亦得到提升,並將使用類似風扇的簡單衍生動力來提供動力<ref name=Flight5mar1997/>。當中通用電氣提議使用推力{{convert|454|kN|lbf}}的GE90-102B發動機,普惠提供推力{{convert|436|kN|lbf}}的PW4098發動機,而勞斯萊斯提議使用{{convert|437|kN|lbf}}的Trent 8100發動機<ref name=Flight5mar1997>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/as-board-approves-777-200x300x-specifications-23/ |title= ...as board approves 777-200X/300X specifications |date=1997-03-05 |work= Flight International |access-date= 2017-06-06 |archive-date= 2017-08-21 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170821172446/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/as-board-approves-777-200x300x-specifications-23/ |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>,也另外研究一款推力超過{{convert|445|kN|lbf}}的Trent 8102發動機<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/ge-is-first-to-agree-mou-for-777-200x300x-powerplant-13689/ |title= GE is first to agree MoU for 777-200X/300X powerplant |date= 1997-03-26 |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 2017-06-06 |archive-date= 2017-09-19 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170919234451/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/ge-is-first-to-agree-mou-for-777-200x300x-powerplant-13689/ |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>。波音公司在設計時研究一種半槓桿式鉸接式主起落架,以幫助擁有[[最大起飛重量]]為{{convert|324,600|kg}}的-300X更能夠在起飛時將{{le|拉機頭|Rotation (aeronautics)|機頭抬升}}<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing39s-long-stretch-30280/ |title= Boeing's long stretch |date= 1997-12-03 |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 2017-06-06 |archive-date= 2019-10-30 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191030093920/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing39s-long-stretch-30280/ |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>。到1999年1月,當最大起飛重量增至{{convert|340,500|kg}}時,推力要求增至{{convert|110,000-114,000|lbf|kN|disp=flip}}<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/initial-trent-8104-tests-reveal-new-growth-potential-47307/ |title= Initial Trent 8104 tests reveal new growth potential |author= Guy Norris/ |date=1999-01-27 |work= Flightglobal |access-date= 2019-10-30 |archive-date= 2019-10-30 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20191030125631/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/initial-trent-8104-tests-reveal-new-growth-potential-47307/ |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>。 由於需要推力等級為{{convert|100000|lbf|kN|disp=flip}}的更強大發動機,因此波音公司特別開設競標,以吸引發動機製造商參與投標。在競選期間,通用電氣提出開發GE90-115B發動機的方案<ref name=777XGE90/>,而勞斯萊斯則提議開發[[劳斯莱斯遄达|Trent 8104]]發動機的方案<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.janes.com/aerospace/civil/news/jae/jae010213_2_n.shtml|title=Aero-Engines – Rolls-Royce Trent|date=2001-02-13|publisher=[[詹氏資訊集團]]|access-date=2009-03-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080325005849/http://www.janes.com/aerospace/civil/news/jae/jae010213_2_n.shtml|archive-date=2008-03-25|language=en}}</ref>。波音公司在經過評選後於1999年宣布採納通用電氣的提議<ref name=777XGE90/>,因此往後出廠的777型號將只會搭載GE90發動機<ref name=777XGE90/>。 2000年2月29日,波音以「777-X」開啟下一代雙發噴氣機計劃<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.deseretnews.com/article/746327/ |title=Boeing launches stretch 777 jetliner |work=[[德瑟雷特新聞]] |date=2000-02-29 |access-date=2009-10-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131107011722/http://www.deseretnews.com/article/746327/Boeing-launches-stretch-777-jetliner.html |archive-date=2013-11-07 |url-status=dead|language=en}}</ref>{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=165}},並開始向航空公司發出報價{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=113}}。但在2000年代初期,因為行業低迷導致發展放緩<ref name="Boe_777_back"/>,因此該計劃的首個型號777-300ER是在[[法國航空]]訂購10架飛機以及額外承諾的情況下推出的<ref>{{cite web |last=Song |first=Kyung |url=http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20001005&slug=TTKK1QJ4T |title=Air France orders 10 777s |work=[[西雅圖時報]] |date=2000-10-05 |access-date=2009-09-15 |archive-date=2011-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811212702/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20001005&slug=TTKK1QJ4T |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=113}}。2003年2月24日,-300ER首飛,並在2004年3月16日獲得FAA和EASA([[歐洲航空安全局]],JAA的後繼者)適航認證<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.bizjournals.com/wichita/stories/2004/03/15/daily17.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110805090519/http://www.bizjournals.com/wichita/stories/2004/03/15/daily17.html |archive-date= 2011-08-05 |title=Boeing's 777-300ER receives certification |work={{le|Wichita Business Journal}} |last=Dinell |first=David |date=2004-03-16 |access-date=2009-03-20|language=en}}</ref>。-300ER客機於2004年4月29日首次交付給法航<ref name="Boe_777_back"/>,並結合-300的額外運能和-200ER的航程,而成為2000年代末最暢銷的777機型<ref name=green/>。其他航空公司也因為777的運營成本較低而得到利益,因此陸續用雙發噴氣式飛機來取代了類似的四引擎機型<ref name=fuelsaver>{{cite web |last= Thomas |first= Geoffrey |url= http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/aviation/demand-rises-for-fuel-saver-777/story-e6frg95x-1111116616439 |title= Boeing under pressure as demand rises for fuel-saver 777 |work= The Australian |date= 2008-06-13 |access-date= 2008-06-20 |archive-date= 2014-04-30|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140430133813/http://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/aviation/demand-rises-for-fuel-saver-777/story-e6frg95x-1111116616439 |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>。 第二個遠程型號777-200LR於2005年2月15日推出後,於2005年3月8日完成首飛<ref name="Boe_777_back"/>,2005年11月10日,以22小時又42分鐘的飛行時間從香港向東飛行{{convert|11664|nmi}}至倫敦,不僅創下客機最長不中斷飛行紀錄<ref name=NYT_772LR_record/>,還因為超越了-200LR的標准設計航程而被載入[[吉尼斯世界紀錄]]{{sfn|Glenday|2007|p=200}},隨後-200LR在2006年2月2日獲得FAA和EASA的認證<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.seattlepi.com/default/article/777-distance-champ-is-certified-for-service-1194755.php |title=777 distance champ is certified for service |date=2006-02-03 |work=Seattle Post-Intelligencer |last=Wallace |first=James |access-date=2008-12-10 |archive-date=2013-12-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203024802/http://www.seattlepi.com/default/article/777-distance-champ-is-certified-for-service-1194755.php |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>,並在24天後首次交付給[[巴基斯坦國際航空]]公司<ref name=pia777>{{cite web |url=http://www.dawn.com/2002/11/18/ebr15.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090413212450/http://www.dawn.com/2002/11/18/ebr15.htm |archive-date=2009-04-13 |title=Modernization of PIA fleet |date=2008-11-18 |work=[[黎明报 (巴基斯坦)]] |last=Chaudhry |first=Muhammad Bashir |access-date=2008-02-12|language=en}}</ref>。 量產貨機型號777F於2008年5月23日推出<ref>{{cite web |last=Trimble |first=Stephen |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/05/23/224065/boeing-777f-makes-its-debut-ahead-of-flight-test-phase.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080526040129/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/05/23/224065/boeing-777f-makes-its-debut-ahead-of-flight-test-phase.html |archive-date=2008-05-26 |title=Boeing 777F makes its debut ahead of flight test phase |work=Flight International |date= 2008-05-23 |access-date=2008-06-06|language=en}}</ref>,並於2008年7月14日首飛。該飛機採用-200LR的結構設計和發動機規格以及基於-300ER設計的[[燃料箱|油箱]]<ref name=Flug777F/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/07/15/225443/picture-boeing-777f-flies-for-the-first-time.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414031626/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/07/15/225443/picture-boeing-777f-flies-for-the-first-time.html |archive-date=2009-04-14 |last=Ionides |first=Nicholas |title=Boeing 777F flies for the first time |work=Flight International |date=2008-07-15 |access-date=2009-03-20|language=en}}</ref>。該貨機於2009年2月6日獲得FAA和EASA認證後<ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/2009/02/06/idUS206466+06-Feb-2009+PRN20090206 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120726042139/https://www.reuters.com/article/2009/02/06/idUS206466%2B06-Feb-2009%2BPRN20090206 |archive-date=2012-07-26 |title=European Aviation Safety Agency Validates FAA Certification of Boeing 777 Freighter |work=Reuters |date=2009-02-06 |access-date=2011-07-01 |url-status=dead|language=en}}</ref>,於2009年2月19日首次交付給啟動客戶法國航空<ref name=af777f>{{cite web |last=Ionides |first=Nicholas |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2009/02/20/322853/pictures-first-777-freighter-delivered-to-air-france.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090221111502/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2009/02/20/322853/pictures-first-777-freighter-delivered-to-air-france.html |archive-date=2009-02-21 |title=First 777 freighter delivered to Air France |work=Air Transport Intelligence via {{le|飛行國際|FlightGlobal|Flightglobal.com}} |access-date=2009-02-20|language=en}}</ref><ref name=777Flaunch>{{cite news |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/id/7962814 |title=Boeing launches cargo version of 777 |agency=美聯社 |date=2005-05-24 |access-date=2009-03-20 |archive-date=April 26, 2014 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140426234435/http://www.nbcnews.com/id/7962814/ |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref>。 === 生產發展 === 波音777在最初的銷售量是僅次於波音747<ref name=better>{{cite web |last=Song |first=Kyung |url=http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20000604&slug=4024775 |title=Who builds a better widebody? |work=[[西雅圖時報]] |date=2000-06-04 |access-date=2009-10-29 |archive-date=2011-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811212640/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20000604&slug=4024775 |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref>,不過在2000年代以後成為波音公司銷售最佳的寬體客機<ref name=prodcut>{{cite web |last=Ray |first=Susanna |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=conewsstory&tkr=COL:US&sid=abe2A4L8NeNA |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181119215938/http://www.bloomberg.com/apps/news?pid=conewsstory&tkr=COL:US&sid=abe2A4L8NeNA |archive-date=2018-11-19 |title=Boeing Earnings Buffeted by 777 Production Slump |publisher=Bloomberg |date=2009-04-21 |access-date=2009-10-29 |url-status=dead|language=en}}</ref>,777在2000年的銷售收入估計占波音公司[[息稅前利潤|稅前收入]]約4億美元,比747多出5,000萬美元<ref name=better/>,到2004年就佔據波音寬體飛機銷售[[收入]]的一大部分<ref>{{cite web |last=Gates |first=Dominic |url=http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20041116&slug=boeing16 |title=Freighter version of 777 jetliner in works |work=[[西雅圖時報]] |date=2004-11-16 |access-date=2009-10-29 |archive-date=2011-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811212621/http://community.seattletimes.nwsource.com/archive/?date=20041116&slug=boeing16 |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。第二代777訂單在2007年當時已接近350架<ref name=777pressure/>。儘管777訂單還有356份未完成,但按照2008年[[建議售價|標價]]計算來看,其價值就高達950億美元<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-boeing-models-idUSL515490420080908 |title=Sizing up Boeing's plane portfolio |work=路透|date=2008-09-08 |access-date=2011-06-03 |first=Tim |last=Hepher |archive-date=2011-06-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110624084403/http://www.reuters.com/article/2008/09/08/us-boeing-models-idUSL515490420080908 |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。 雖然波音在2010年當時計劃在2011年中期將每月777生產量從5架增至7架,並在2013年初增至8.3架<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/12/20/351122/boeing-unveils-another-increase-in-boeing-777-production.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101223122601/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/12/20/351122/boeing-unveils-another-increase-in-boeing-777-production.html |archive-date=2010-12-23 |title=Boeing unveils another increase in Boeing 777 production |work=Air Transport Intelligence via Flightglobal.com |date= 2010-12-20 |access-date=2011-01-02 |first=Lori |last=Ranson|language=en}}</ref>,然而根據報導,在2011年投入使用的[[波音787夢幻客機]]不僅將會是[[波音黃石專案]]替代飛機計劃的第一階段{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|2009|pp=32–35}},其技術還會被運用在Yellowstone3新的飛機系列並取代777<ref name=777pressure/>。儘管如此,一架-300ER作為第1,000架777客機在2011年11月開始組裝<ref name=1000th>{{cite web |url=http://boeing.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=43&item=2012 |title=Boeing Begins Work on 1,000th 777 |date=2011-11-07 |publisher=波音公司|access-date=2011-11-08 |archive-date=2011-11-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111113164219/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=43&item=2012 |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>,並於2012年3月交付予[[阿聯酋航空]]<ref name=ek1000/>。 到2000年代末,由於空巴計劃中的[[A350]] XWB和波音公司擬議的787將會提供更良好的燃油效率,而777將會是這些潛在飛機的競爭對手<ref name=777pressure/>,因此777-300ER在發動機和空氣動力方面做了改良,以減少777的阻力和重量<ref name=enhance/>。777在2010年進一步增大{{le|零燃油重量|Zero-fuel weight}}{{convert|5000|lb|disp=flip}},相當於20-25名乘客的有效載荷,其GE90-115B1發動機的推力也增加1-2.5%,有利於增加在高海拔機場的起飛重量<ref name=enhance/>。波音在2012年底計劃要進一步改良777,包括延長[[翼展]]<ref name=enhance>{{cite news |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/11/02/349052/world-airliners-order-trickle-continues-for-in-production.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101107102327/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/11/02/349052/world-airliners-order-trickle-continues-for-in-production.html |archive-date=2010-11-07 |title= Order trickle continues for in-production widebodies |work=Flight International |date=2008-09-08 |access-date=2010-11-02|language=en}}</ref>、使用[[複合材料]]機翼、新動力裝置和不同的機身長度等<ref name=enhance/><ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/03/17/339599/boeing-looks-to-extend-777-wingspan-for-incremental-improvement.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20100322191835/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2010/03/17/339599/boeing-looks-to-extend-777-wingspan-for-incremental-improvement.html |archive-date= 2010-03-22 |title= Boeing looks to extend 777 wingspan for incremental improvement package |author= Ostrower, Jon |work=Flight International |date=2008-09-08 |access-date=2010-03-17|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/06/21/358550/paris-boeing-mulls-777-9x.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110624185346/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/06/21/358550/paris-boeing-mulls-777-9x.html |archive-date=2011-06-24 |title= PARIS: Boeing mulls 777-9X |author= Ostrower, Jon |work=Air Transport Intelligence via {{le|飛行國際|FlightGlobal|Flightglobal.com}} |date= 2011-06-21 |access-date=2011-07-04|language=en}}</ref>,據報導,阿聯酋航空在該項目上與波音公司密切合作,並將成為新世代777的潛在啟動客戶<ref>{{cite web|url=http://blog.seattlepi.com/aerospace/2011/09/12/emirates-may-be-launch-customer-for-new-boeing-777/|title=Emirates may be launch customer for new Boeing 777|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111019193711/http://blog.seattlepi.com/aerospace/2011/09/12/emirates-may-be-launch-customer-for-new-boeing-777/|archive-date=2011-10-19|publisher=Seattle Post-Intelligencer|date=2011-09-12|accessdate=2011-09-14|language=en}}</ref>。在此期間,[[中華航空]]訂購10架777-300ER飛機,不僅取代執行長途跨太平洋航線的747-400飛機(其中第一架飛機於2014年投入使用<ref>{{Cite news|title=空中誠品出發!華航首架777-300ER新機 國慶首飛香港|url=https://travel.ettoday.net/article/411760.htm|date=2014-10-10|accessdate=2023-09-16|last=游琁如|location=台北|work=ETtoday旅遊雲|publisher=ETtoday新聞雲|language=zh-tw|archive-date=2020-10-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201024234703/https://travel.ettoday.net/article/411760.htm|dead-url=no}}</ref>),還指出777-300ER的座位成本比747的低約20%(因燃油價格而異)<ref>Perrett, Bradley, Very Chinese, Aviation Week & Space Technology, February 16 – March 1, 2015, pp.38-9</ref>。 === 第三代型號 === {{main|波音777X}} [[File:777X Roll-Out (40407373023).jpg|thumb|改進和更新的[[波音777X|波音777-9X]]於2019年3月13日推出]] 2010年代中期,777已成為國際長途航班上的主流機型,並成為跨太平洋航線使用最廣泛的客機,該類型的機型運營著超過一半的定期航班,並由大多數跨太平洋航空公司運營<ref name="forbes.com">{{cite web|title=Boeing 777 Flies Seven Of The World's Ten Longest Routes|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/tedreed/2017/02/11/boeing-777-flies-seven-of-the-worlds-ten-longest-routes-but-airlines-eye-new-787-and-a350-routes/#7a0702fe42eb|date=2017-02-11|first=Ted|last=Reed|work=Forbes|access-date=2019-06-29|archive-date=2019-06-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190629231750/https://www.forbes.com/sites/tedreed/2017/02/11/boeing-777-flies-seven-of-the-worlds-ten-longest-routes-but-airlines-eye-new-787-and-a350-routes/#7a0702fe42eb|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/Transpacific-airline-fuel-efficiency-ranking-2016_ICCT-white-paper_16012018_vF.pdf|title=Transpacific Airline Fuel Efficiency Ranking, 2016|work=International Council of Clean Transportation|first1=Graver|last1=Brandon|first2=Rutherford|last2=Daniel|access-date= 2019-06-29|date=2018年1月|archive-date=2019-08-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190819051237/https://theicct.org/sites/default/files/publications/Transpacific-airline-fuel-efficiency-ranking-2016_ICCT-white-paper_16012018_vF.pdf|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,因此波音公司在2013年11月從[[漢莎航空]]、阿聯酋航空、[[卡達航空]]和[[阿提哈德航空]]取得總計259架飛機的訂單後,正式啟動了777X計劃。777的第三代推出777-8和777-9兩個型號<ref name=777Xlaunch/>,其中777-9是進一步加長的型號,可容納超過400名乘客,航程超過{{convert|8200|nmi}},而777-8預計可容納約350名乘客,航程超過{{convert|9300|nmi}}<ref name=777Xlaunch/>,兩種型號都將配備新一代[[通用電氣GE9X|GE9X]]發動機,並配有[[可折疊機翼|折疊翼尖]]的新型複合材料機翼,而777X系列的首個型號777-9在計劃宣佈時預計將於2020年投入使用。 到2014年4月,777的累計銷量超過747,成為最暢銷的波音寬體客機,按照現在的生產速度,預計到2016年中期,777有望成為交付量最多的波音寬體客機<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-how-the-777-pushed-boeing-forward-398233/ |title=How the 777 pushed Boeing forward |first=Stephen |last=Trimble |work=Flight International |date=2014-04-15 |access-date=2014-04-20 |archive-date=2016-01-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160102165415/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-how-the-777-pushed-boeing-forward-398233/ |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。截至2015年2月,未交付的777飛機總數達到278架,然而波音公司卻認為這個數量在目前每月8.3架飛機的生產速度而言,可能在不到三年的時間就完成<ref>{{citation |first=Dominic |last=Perry |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/interiors-boeing-thinks-smarter-to-boost-777-737-appeal-410498/ |title=Boeing thinks smarter to boost 777, 737 appeal |work={{le|飛行國際|Flightglobal}} |publisher=Reed Business Information |date= 2015-04-07 |access-date=2015-04-08 |archive-date=2015-04-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150409201301/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/interiors-boeing-thinks-smarter-to-boost-777-737-appeal-410498/ |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>,因此在2016年1月計畫自2017年起,將777系列的產量從每月8.3架降低至每月7架,以幫助縮小因缺乏新訂單而造成的777和777X之間的產量差距<ref>{{cite web |url= http://airwaysnews.com/blog/2016/01/27/777-production-rate/ |title= Boeing to Trim 777 Production, to Boost 737 Build Rate |date= 2016-01-27 |work= Airways News |access-date= 2016-09-06 |url-status=dead |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160821202303/http://airwaysnews.com/blog/2016/01/27/777-production-rate/ |archive-date=2016-08-21 |language=en}}</ref>。波音公司原定計畫在2018年將777產量降低至每月5.5架,以便組裝測試777-9飛機<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-warns-777-rate-could-drop-to-35-per-month-430778/ |title= Boeing warns 777 rate could drop to 3.5 per month |date= 2016-10-26 |work= {{le|飛行國際|FlightGlobal}} |access-date= 2016-10-27 |archive-date= 2016-10-27 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161027120035/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-warns-777-rate-could-drop-to-35-per-month-430778/ |url-status= live|language=en}}</ref>,但實際上波音已在2017年8月將777產量降至每月5架<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-to-lower-777-rate-to-five-monthly-in-august-432358/ |title= Boeing to lower 777 rate to five monthly in August 2017 |date= 2016-12-13 |work= 飛行國際 |access-date=2016-12-13 |archive-date= 2016-12-14 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161214161031/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-to-lower-777-rate-to-five-monthly-in-august-432358/ |url-status= live }}</ref>。另外,自2020年起,由於[[2019冠狀病毒病疫情對航空業的影響|2019冠狀病毒病疫情]]導致新飛機的需求減少,因此波音將777的每月產量從5架削減至兩架<ref name=Flight27oct2020>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/airframers/more-aircraft-production-rate-cuts-coming-perhaps-analysts-say/140826.article |title= More aircraft production rate cuts coming? Perhaps, analysts say |author= Jon Hemmerdinger |date= 2020-10-27 |work= 飛行國際 |access-date= 2020-10-30 |archive-date= 2020-10-31 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201031233706/https://www.flightglobal.com/airframers/more-aircraft-production-rate-cuts-coming-perhaps-analysts-say/140826.article |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>。 ===更新和改良=== [[File:Airfrance, Boeing 777-300ER F-GSQL NRT (16773182414).jpg|thumb|[[法國航空]]於2004年4月29日接收第一架777-300ER客機]] 在開發第三代波音777X的同時,波音與通用電氣合作,將在產的777-300ER飛機的燃油效率提高2%。通用電氣改良了GE-90-115渦輪風扇發動機中的風扇零件和高壓壓縮機第一級[[整体叶盘]],並減小了巡航期間渦輪葉片尖端與護罩之間的間隙。通用電氣表示,這些改良可將燃油消耗降低0.5%,而波音公司對機翼進行的改裝旨在提供剩餘的飛機。波音公司表示,777-300ER的燃油消耗每提高1%,就意味著在同樣的燃油負載下,飛機能夠再飛行{{convert|75|nmi}},或者在“負載有限”的航班中增加10名乘客或{{convert|2400|lb|disp=flip}}貨物<ref>Norris, Guy. "Mind the gap". Aviation Week & Space Technology, February 16 – March 1, 2015, pp. 42-3.</ref>。 波音公司在2015年3月公佈更多改良細節,包括將777-300ER的機身頂部替換成類似787的拉桿和復合材料集成面板,從而減輕{{convert|1,800|lb|disp=flip}}的重量,接著導入新的飛行控制軟件,使新飛機不再安裝尾橇,無論飛行員如何過度操控升降舵,機尾都不會觸地。再來是重新設計內側襟翼整流罩,並-{zh-hans:通过;zh-hant:通過;zh-tw:透過;}-減少機翼下側的壓力來減少飛機阻力,其外側傾斜翼尖最初是為[[麥道MD-12]]項目開發的,但因具有發散的後緣而被波音公司描述為“窮人的翼型”,最後則是涉及升降舵修正偏差。這些改良是為了提高燃油效率,並允許航空公司在飛機上增加14個額外座位,從而將每個座位的燃油效率提高5%<ref>Norris, Guy. "Sharpened edge". Aviation Week & Space Technology, March 16–29, 2015, pp. 26-8.</ref>。 考慮到將777X推向市場所需的時間較長,波音公司繼續開發改良套件,以提高燃油效率並降低現有產品的價格。聯合航空在2015年1月訂購10架777-300ER當中,通常每架售價約為1.5億美元,但僅需約1.3億美元的折扣價來支付這個訂單,使波音能在777X投產前繼續777生產線<ref>{{cite web |url= http://leehamnews.com/2015/01/20/odds-and-ends-bbds-sheridan-to-nordic-united-and-777s/ |title= United and 777-300ERs |date= 2015-01-20 |publisher= Leeham News |access-date=2015-01-21 |archive-date=2015-01-21 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150121093801/http://leehamnews.com/2015/01/20/odds-and-ends-bbds-sheridan-to-nordic-united-and-777s/ |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>,至於777X原型機(777-9)於2019年3月13日推出<ref>{{cite news |last1=Norris |first1=Guy |title=Boeing Unveils 777-9 In Low-Key Event |url=https://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/boeing-unveils-777-9-low-key-event |work=aviationweek.com |date=2019-03-14 |language=en |access-date=2019-06-27 |archive-date=2019-11-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191117062825/https://aviationweek.com/commercial-aviation/boeing-unveils-777-9-low-key-event |url-status=live }}</ref>。 到2019年為止,-200ER的單位售價為3.066億美元,-200LR為3.469億美元,-300ER為3.755億美元,777F為3.523億美元<ref name=prices>{{cite web |title= About Boeing Commercial Airplanes: Prices |url= http://www.boeing.com/company/about-bca/#/prices |publisher= 波音公司|access-date= 2019-02-23 |archive-date= 2020-04-25 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200425044058/http://www.boeing.com/company/about-bca/#/prices |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>。 ==設計== [[File:aa.b777-200er.n788an.mains.arp.jpg|thumb|美國航空波音777-200ER的[[罗尔斯·罗伊斯遄达800|遄达800]]發動機以及加長縫翼、襟翼和起落架|alt=飛機腹部部分。發動機、展開的起落架和成角度的控制襟翼之近距離視圖。]] [[File:A6-ECF B777-300 Emirates front (4134226438).jpg|thumb|[[阿聯酋航空]]777-300ER的前視圖,顯示機身輪廓、機翼二面角和[[通用電氣GE90|GE90]]發動機]] 波音在777設計中引入了多項先進技術,包括全數位化的[[線傳飛控系統]]<ref name="fbw">North, David. "Finding Common Ground in Envelope Protection Systems". ''Aviation Week & Space Technology'', August 28, 2008, pp. 66–68.</ref>、完全軟件可配置的[[航空电子]]設備、[[霍尼韦尔]][[液晶显示器|LCD]]玻璃駕駛艙飛行顯示器{{sfn|Birtles|1998|p=57}},以及首次在商用客機上使用[[光纖]]航空電子網絡{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|p=47}}。波音公司利用已取消規劃的{{le|波音7J7|Boeing 7J7}}區域型噴射機的成果<ref name="7j7">{{cite web|url=http://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/prop-fan.html?c=y&page=5|title=The Short, Happy Life of the Prop-fan|last=Sweetman|first=Bill|date=2005-09-01|work={{le|航空航天/史密森尼|Air & Space|航空航天}}|access-date=2008-12-01|archive-date=2013-07-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130730172214/http://www.airspacemag.com/history-of-flight/prop-fan.html?c=y&page=5|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,採用了所選技術的類似版本<ref name=7j7/>。2003年,波音公司開始提供駕駛艙[[电子飞行包]]電腦顯示器的選項<ref>{{cite web |last=Corliss |first=Bryan |url=https://www.forbes.com/2003/11/05/1105boeingpinnacor.html |title=New Boeing 777 Boasts Breakthrough Video System |work=Forbes |date=2003-11-05 |access-date=2009-05-05 |archive-date=2013-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202224255/http://www.forbes.com/2003/11/05/1105boeingpinnacor.html |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>,並在十年後宣布升級後的777X機型將採用787的機身、系統和內裝技術<ref name=777xdubai>{{cite web|url=http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=/article-xml/AW_11_25_2013_p32-638592.xml |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131125232333/http://www.aviationweek.com/Article.aspx?id=%2Farticle-xml%2FAW_11_25_2013_p32-638592.xml |archive-date=2013-11-25 |title=Dubai Provides Runway For 777X Program Launch |first=Guy |last=Norris |work=Aviation Week & Space Technology |date=2013-11-25 |access-date=2013-11-25 |url-status=dead|language=en}}</ref>。 ===線傳飛控系統=== 在設計777作為波音第一款採用線傳飛控系統的商用飛機時,波音公司決定保留傳統駕駛杆,而不是改用許多數位飛行控制戰鬥機和許多空中巴士客機所使用的側杆<ref name=fbw/>。除了傳統的操縱桿和方向舵控制裝置外,駕駛艙還採用簡化的佈局,保留了與以前的波音型號的相似之處<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ropelewski|first=Robert|date=1995年6月|title=Flying the Boeing 777.(Evaluation)|url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-17311312.html|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924144710/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-17311312.html|url-status=dead|archive-date=2015-09-24|journal=Interavia Business & Technology|access-date=2015-06-29|url-access=subscription|via={{le|HighBeam}}|language=en}}</ref>。線傳飛控系統還集成了{{le|氣動包線保護|Flight envelope protection|飛行包線保護}}功能,可在電腦計算的操作參數框架內指導飛行員輸入,以防止[[失速]]、超速和過度應力的操作<ref name=fbw/>。另外,飛行員在必要時可以覆蓋該系統<ref name=fbw/>,因此線傳飛控系統是配備機械備用系統的{{sfn|Newhouse|2008|p=106}}。 ===機體和系統=== [[File:Air France Boeing 777-300ER planform view.jpg|thumb|帶有傾斜翼尖的波音777-300ER飛機的平面圖|alt=飛機飛行時的底面視圖。這架噴氣式飛機的兩個機翼各有一台發動機。圓形的鼻子通向筆直的身體部分,在帶有兩個後鰭的尾部逐漸變細。]] 777的機翼採用[[超临界机翼]]設計,後掠角為31.6度<!-- (all models outside the 777-8X and 777-9X) -->,並針對0.83馬赫的巡航速度進行了優化(飛行測試後修改為最高0.84馬赫){{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=130}}。與以前的客機相比,機翼的設計厚度更大,跨度更長,從而具有更大的有效載荷和航程,並改善的起飛性能和更高的巡航高度{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=107}}。機翼還可以用作燃料儲存,航程較遠的型號能夠攜帶多達{{convert|47890|gal|L|disp=flip}}的燃料<ref name=Boeing_777_airport_report_gen2/>。這些效能使777-200LR能夠運營超長距離、跨極地航線,例如[[多倫多]]至[[香港]]航線<ref name=enroute>{{cite journal|last=Morris|first=Doug|title=What determines the kind of aircraft that will be used for a particular route?|journal=EnRoute|date=March 2012|url=http://www.enroute.aircanada.com/en/articles/what-determines-the-kind-of-aircraft-that-will-be-used-for-a-particular-route-1|access-date=2012-03-17|archive-date=2012-04-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120404064458/http://www.enroute.aircanada.com/en/articles/what-determines-the-kind-of-aircraft-that-will-be-used-for-a-particular-route-1|url-status=dead|language=en}}</ref>。2013年,升級後的777X將會推出由複合材料製成的新型機翼、具有更寬的跨度、和基於787機翼的設計特點<ref name=777xdubai/>。 777首次推出時提供了{{convert|21|ft|sigfig=3|disp=flip}}長的折疊翼尖,以吸引可能使用適合小型飛機停靠登機口的航空公司,但沒有航空公司採購這樣設計方案的飛機<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.caa.govt.nz/aircraft/Type_Acceptance_Reps/Boeing_777.pdf|title=Type Acceptance Report – Boeing 777|work={{le|新西兰民航管理局|Civil Aviation Authority of New Zealand}}|access-date=2008-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081219112154/https://www.caa.govt.nz/aircraft/Type_Acceptance_Reps/Boeing_777.pdf|archive-date=2008-12-19|url-status=dead|language=en}}</ref>,而在2013年公布升級版777X的設計方案時,折疊翼尖作為一項設計功能再次出現。較短的{{convert|11|ft|sigfig=3|disp=flip}}折疊翼尖將允許777X型號使用與早期777相同的機場登機口和滑行道<ref name=777xdubai/>,這些較小的折疊翼尖比早期777規劃的折疊翼尖更簡單,僅影響內部翼尖燈具所需的接線而已<ref name=777xdubai/>。 [[File:Boeing-777-300 chassis.jpg|thumb|波音777的六輪[[起落架]]|alt=飛機起落架。地面上的六輪起落架,帶有連接組件和起落架艙門通向飛機腹部。]] 777[[机体]]採用了複合材料,其重量佔其原始結構重量的9%(777-8和777-9之外的所有型號){{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|p=35}},其製成的零件包括機艙地板和方向舵,而主機身橫截面呈圓形{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|p=92}},向後逐漸變細,形成葉片形尾錐,並帶有面向端口的[[輔助動力系統|輔助動力裝置]]{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1996|p=89}}。777還配備史上最大起落架和最大輪胎{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=111}},其六輪[[起落架|轉向架]]旨在將飛機的負載分散到較寬的區域,而不需要額外的中心線齒輪,其效能有助於減輕重量並簡化飛機的制動和液壓系統。777-300ER的六輪主起落架,其每個輪胎可承受{{convert|59490|lb|kg|disp=flip}},比747-400等其他寬體飛機來得重<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2006/03/28/205694/adp-to-revamp-runway-at-orly.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090414031605/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2006/03/28/205694/adp-to-revamp-runway-at-orly.html |archive-date=2009-04-14 |title=ADP to revamp runway at Orly |last=Turner |first=Aimee |date=2006-03-28 |work=Flight International |access-date=2009-04-02|language=en}}</ref>。該飛機具有三余度[[水力学|液壓]]系統,在著陸時只需要一個系統{{sfn|Birtles|1998|p=66}},而[[冲压空气涡轮]]機是一種可以提供緊急動力的小型可伸縮裝置,也安裝在{{le|翼根弦|Wing root|機翼根部}}[[飛機整流罩|整流罩]]中{{sfn|Birtles|1998|p=60}}。 ===內部=== [[File:Etihad Airways Boeing 777-3FXER Coral Wedelstaedt.jpg|thumb|[[阿提哈德航空]]波音777-300ER的經濟艙採用3-3-3布局|alt=客機機艙。兩排座位排列在兩條走道之間。每個座椅靠背都有一個個人顯示器,其光線從側壁和頭頂行李箱照射進來。]]<!-- larger image size specified to show details --> [[File:BR 852 - 777-35E - EVA AIR - Royal Laurel Class (11975949583).jpg|thumb|[[長榮航空]]波音777-300ER的皇璽桂冠艙(商務艙)採用1-2-1{{le|反魚骨式座椅|Herringbone seating|反魚骨座椅形式}}布局|alt=客機機艙。兩排座位排列在兩條走道之間。]] 最初的777內部,稱為「波音概念客艙」,具有弧形面板、更大的頭頂行李箱和間接照明{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=143}},每排座位的範圍從頭等艙的4<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.united.com/web/en-US/content/travel/inflight/aircraft/777/300/default.aspx|title=Boeing 777-300ER (77W) - United Airlines|website=聯合航空公司|access-date=2017-05-08|archive-date=2017-08-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170822134811/https://www.united.com/web/en-US/content/travel/inflight/aircraft/777/300/default.aspx|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>或6個到[[經濟艙]]的10個{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|2001|pp=32–33}},而在787、777-8和777-9登場前,777的窗戶是所有商用客機中最大的,尺寸為{{convert|15*10|in|sigfig=2|disp=flip}}<ref name=windows>{{cite web |last=Wallace |first=James |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-190312953.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121106060023/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-190312953.html |archive-date=2012-11-06 |title=Continental plans Dreamliner seats to be roomy, with a view |work=Seattle Post-Intelligencer |date=2008-11-26 |access-date=2011-07-01|language=en}}</ref>。客艙還設有“彈性運用空間”,可以在整個內部空間放置水、電、[[氣動力學|氣動]]和其他連接點,並使航空公司在調整客艙佈置時能夠快速又輕鬆地移動座位、{{le|艙內廚房|Galley (kitchen)|廚房}}和衛生間{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|2001|pp=32–33}}。部分飛機還配備了供非航空用途的[[重要人物|VIP]]內飾<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lufthansa-technik.com/applications/portal/lhtportal/lhtportal.portal?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=Template7_8&requestednode=421&webcacheURL=TV_I/Media-Relations/Media-Archive/Archive-Press-Releases/Previous-Press-Releases/Press-Releases-2000/First_VIP_B777.xml |title=Lufthansa Technik turns out first customized VIP Boeing 777 |work=Lufthansa Technik |date=2000-12-22 |access-date=2008-10-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090615231836/http://www.lufthansa-technik.com/applications/portal/lhtportal/lhtportal.portal?_nfpb=true&_pageLabel=Template7_8&requestednode=421&webcacheURL=TV_I%2FMedia-Relations%2FMedia-Archive%2FArchive-Press-Releases%2FPrevious-Press-Releases%2FPress-Releases-2000%2FFirst_VIP_B777.xml |archive-date=2009-06-15|url-status=dead|language=en}}</ref>,而波音公司設計了一種可緩慢關閉的液壓阻尼馬桶座蓋鉸鏈<ref>{{cite journal|last=Stover|first=Dawn|date=1994年6月|title=The newest way to fly|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=053lJ8sFTAYC|pages=第78–79、104頁|journal=[[科技新时代]]|access-date=2020-12-19|archive-date=2021-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527123611/https://books.google.com/books?id=053lJ8sFTAYC|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。 2003年,波音公司在777飛機上推出了客艙頂部的機組人員休息室<ref name=overhead>{{cite web |last=Wallace |first=James |url=http://www.seattlepi.com/default/article/Aerospace-Notebook-Boeing-adds-places-for-crews-1106748.php |title=Boeing adds places for crews to snooze |work=Seattle Post-Intelligencer |date=2003-02-04 |access-date=2011-06-03 |archive-date=2011-08-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110811075243/http://www.seattlepi.com/default/article/Aerospace-Notebook-Boeing-adds-places-for-crews-1106748.php |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。前半部的機組人員休息室位於主客艙上方,-{zh-hans:通过;zh-hant:通過;zh-tw:透過;}-樓梯連接,設有兩個座位和兩個床位,而後半部的機組人員休息室則設有多個床位<ref name=overhead />。此後,標誌性內裝已適用於其他波音寬體和窄體飛機,包括737NG、747-400、757-300和較新的[[767-400ER]]{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=122}}{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|pp=46, 112}},而[[波音747-8|747-8]]和767-400ER更是採用比777更大、更圓的窗戶。 2011年,《飛行國際》報導稱,波音公司正在考慮將777上的標誌性內裝更換為與787類似的新內裝,作為在所有波音客機上實現“共同客艙體驗”的一部分<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/07/07/359264/boeing-eyes-common-cabin-experience-across-platforms.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110710022528/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2011/07/07/359264/boeing-eyes-common-cabin-experience-across-platforms.html |archive-date=2011-07-10 |title=Boeing eyes 'common cabin experience' across platforms |author=Kirby, Mark |date=2011-07-07 |work=Air Transport Intelligence via Flightglobal.com|access-date=2011-07-08|language=en}}</ref>。隨著777X於2013年推出,波音公司確認將會採用787客艙元素和更大的窗戶<ref name="777xdubai" />,並於2014年發布更多細節當中包括重新設計的客艙側壁以提供更大的內部空間、隔音技術和更高的客艙濕度<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-05-01/cabin-comfort-becomes-focus-as-boeing-maps-777-upgrade-for-2020s.html|title=Boeing Maps Boost in Cabin Comfort for Next 777|work=Bloomberg|first=Julie|last=Johnsson|date=2014-05-01|access-date=2014-05-01|archive-date=2014-05-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140501184114/http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2014-05-01/cabin-comfort-becomes-focus-as-boeing-maps-777-upgrade-for-2020s.html|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。 法航的777-300ER,其座位數共有472個,比任何航空公司擁有的777所配置的座位數量還要多,每公里可用座位成本(CASK)約為0.05歐元,類似於[[水平航空]]的314座空客A330-200,這是其低成本、長途飛行的基準<ref name=runwaygirl12jan2020 />。與法國[[海外省]]的類似目的地競爭的[[加勒比海航空]]在A350-900上擁有389個座位,在-1000上擁有429個座位<ref name=runwaygirl12jan2020 />,而[[法國蜜蜂航空]]的A350-900擁有411個座位,在經濟艙方面設有一排10個座位,所以座位數甚至更加密集。根據法航的數據,法國蜜蜂航空的A350-900其CASK值來到0.04歐元,而後續推出A350-1000的480個座位,其CASK值又更低<ref name=runwaygirl12jan2020>{{cite news |url=https://runwaygirlnetwork.com/2020/01/12/air-france-worries-a350-1000-will-help-low-cost-long-haul-competitors/ |date=2020-01-12 |title=Air France worries A350-1000 will help low-cost, long-haul competitors |author=Will Horton |work=Runway Girl Network |access-date=2020-01-27 |archive-date=2020-01-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127165708/https://runwaygirlnetwork.com/2020/01/12/air-france-worries-a350-1000-will-help-low-cost-long-haul-competitors/ |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。 ==型號== 波音公司使用[[機身]]長度和[[航程_(航空)|航程]]這兩個特徵來定義其777型號{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=112}}<ref>{{cite news |url= https://aviationweek.com/blog/boeing-777-unveiling-design-classic-1990 |title= Boeing 777 - Unveiling A Design Classic (1990) |date= 2015-01-26 |author= Guy Norris |work= Aviation Week Network |access-date=2019-11-25 |archive-date= 2018-10-18 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181018002806/http://aviationweek.com/blog/boeing-777-unveiling-design-classic-1990 |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>。客運和貨運能力因機身長度而異,像是與基礎型777-200相比,777-300的機身更長。此外也定義了三個航程類別:A型市場將涵蓋國內和區域運營,B型市場將涵蓋從歐洲到美國西海岸的航線,C型市場將涵蓋最長的跨太平洋航線<ref>{{cite book |title= The Magic of a Name: The Rolls-Royce Story, Part 3: A Family of Engines |author= Peter Pugh |publisher= Icon Books Ltd |isbn= 978-1-84831-998-1 |date= 2002年 |url= https://books.google.com/books?id=LtXGBwAAQBAJ&pg=PT205 |access-date= 2020-12-19 |archive-date= 2021-05-27 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210527123611/https://books.google.com/books?id=LtXGBwAAQBAJ&lpg=PT205 |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>。A型市場將包括{{convert|4200|nmi}}的航程、最大起飛重量為{{convert|234|t|lb}}的飛機,可載353至374名乘客,並由推力為{{convert|316|kN|lbf}}的發動機提供動力;緊接著是B型市場,將配置航程為{{convert|6600|nmi}}、單發推力為{{convert|365|kN|lbf}}、最大起飛重量為{{convert|263|t|lb}},並可容納三艙等共286名乘客的飛機,是A340的競爭對手,也是A型市場基礎上的409至434名乘載客量之延伸;最後將會有一個航程達{{convert|7,600|nmi}},並搭載推力{{convert|400|kN|lbf}}的發動機之C型市場飛機<ref>{{cite magazine |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1990/1990%20-%202621.html |title= Mass market |author= David Learmount |date= 1990-09-05 |magazine= 飛行國際 |access-date= 2017-10-29 |archive-date= 2017-10-29 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171029174517/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1990/1990%20-%202621.html |url-status= live|language=en}}</ref>。 當提及不同的型號時,[[國際航空運輸協會]](IATA)編碼將777機型代號和-200或-300型號代號縮寫為“772”或“773”<ref name=IATAcode>{{cite web |url= http://www.flugzeuginfo.net/table_accodes_iata_en.php |title= IATA Aircraft Codes |work= Flugzeuginfo |access-date= 2017-10-29 |archive-date= 2017-11-14 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171114003144/http://www.flugzeuginfo.net/table_accodes_iata_en.php |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>,而[[國際民用航空組織]](ICAO)的飛機型號編碼系統在此情況下會在前面加上製造商的字母,例如波音的代號為“B”,因此為“B772”或“B773”<ref name=ICAOcode/>。設計型號可能會在ICAO中附加一個範圍表示,例如ICAO表示777-300ER的“B77W”<ref name=ICAOcode/>,IATA則表示此為“77W”<ref name=IATAcode/>,而其他例子還包括-300ER的“773ER”<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.smh.com.au/news/business/air-nz-must-ask-shareholders/2007/09/11/1189276720074.html |title=Air NZ must ask shareholders |work=Sydney Morning Herald |access-date=2009-03-30 |last=John |first=Danny |date=2007-09-12 |archive-date=2009-04-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090413194346/http://www.smh.com.au/news/business/air-nz-must-ask-shareholders/2007/09/11/1189276720074.html |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>和“773B”<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/GL03Cb06.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060316200115/http://www.atimes.com/atimes/China_Business/GL03Cb06.html |url-status=unfit |archive-date=2006-03-16 |title= Cathay Pacific puts its trust in Boeing |publisher=[[亞洲時報在線]] |access-date=2009-03-30 |date=2005-12-03|language=en}}</ref>。 ===777-200=== [[File:United Airlines Boeing 777-222; N778UA@FRA;06.07.2011 603ii (5914645487).jpg|thumb|[[聯合航空]]為777-200的起始客戶|alt=飛機著陸進場。飛行中的雙引擎噴氣式飛機的側視圖,襟翼和起落架已展開。]] 最初的777-200於1994年6月12日首飛,並於1995年5月15日首次交付給聯合航空公司<ref name="Boe_777_back"/>。-200配備{{convert|545,000|lb|t|disp=flip}}的最大起飛重量和推力{{convert|77,000|lbf|kN|disp=flip}}的發動機,航程為{{convert|5240|nmi}},三艙配置可容納305名乘客<ref name=777_perf/>,並與空客[[A330-300]]飛機相互競爭<ref name="Wallace">{{cite web |url=http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-80189598.html |title=Aerospace Notebook: Conner's best bet – Let it ride on the 777s but airlines aren't ready to commit to 200LR model |last=Wallace |first=James |date=2001-11-19 |work=Seattle Post-Intelligencer |access-date=2011-05-08 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121105222803/http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-80189598.html |archive-date=2012-11-05|language=en}}</ref>。雖然-200主要由美國[[国内机场|國內航空]]公司營運{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=112}},但也有一些亞洲航空公司和英國航空公司也採用該機型。{{as of|2018|lc=y}},九個<!-- 日航國內航班和國際航班算作一個 -->不同的-200客戶已接收了88架飛機<ref name=777_O_D_summ/>,其中55架已投入航空服務<ref name=FlightCensus/>,到2021年9月,在疫情的肆虐下,-200已全部停止服務並做封存或除役處理<ref name="2021Service"/>。 2016年,[[聯合航空]]將其全部19架-200飛機的運營轉移到包括往返夏威夷在內的美國國內航線,並將經濟艙座位重新配置為每排10個來增加乘載客量<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/flights/todayinthesky/2016/03/09/united-confirms-10-abreast-seating-some-its-777s/81519220/|title=United confirms 10-abreast seating on some of its 777s|last=Mutzabaugh|first=Ben|date=2016-03-09|access-date=2019-06-28|work=USA Today|archive-date=2019-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190628171937/https://www.usatoday.com/story/travel/flights/todayinthesky/2016/03/09/united-confirms-10-abreast-seating-some-its-777s/81519220/|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-travel-briefcase-united-boeing-20171021-story.html|title=United Airlines becomes latest carrier to put economy passengers in rows of 10 seats|last=Martin|first=Hugo|date=2017-10-21|access-date=2019-06-28|work=Los Angeles Times|archive-date=2019-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190628171937/https://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-travel-briefcase-united-boeing-20171021-story.html|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,另外自2019年起,波音公司從777型號製造價格清單中移除-200型號,表示已不再銷售<ref name=prices/>。 ===777-200ER=== [[File:G-VIIN Boeing 772 British Airways (13894471233).jpg|thumb|[[英國航空]]為777-200ER的起始客戶|alt=飛機著陸進場。飛行中的雙引擎噴氣式飛機的側視圖,襟翼和起落架已展開。]] B型市場的777-200ER(“ER”代表增程,{{langx|en|Extended Range}})最初稱為777-200IGW(增加總重),具有額外的燃油容量和增加的MTOW,可實現跨洋航線{{sfn|Eden|2008|p=112–113}}。這架飛機型號配備{{convert|658000|lb|t|disp=flip}}最大起飛重量和推力{{convert|93,700|lbf|kN|disp=flip}}的發動機,其航程為{{convert|7065|nmi}}<ref name="Characteristics"/>,並與[[A340-300]]競爭<ref>{{cite magazine |author= Robert Wall |url= http://aviationweek.com/awin/boeings-interest-focuses-747-advanced-not-787-10 |title= Boeing talks up 747 Advanced, talks down Airbus A350 |magazine= Aviation Week & Space Technology |date= 2005-10-31 |page= 第40頁 |url-access= subscription |access-date= 2018-11-13 |archive-date= 2018-11-13 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181113165850/http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/20051031 |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>。新型-200ER的售價從服役時的1.1億美元上升到2007年的1.3億美元,而一架2007年交付的777型號十年後售價為3000萬美元,甚至最舊型號的價值更是降到大約5-600萬美元,因此這樣的售價是取決於發動機的剩餘使用壽命<ref>{{Cite news |url= http://www.aircraftvaluenews.com/the-last-decade-has-not-favored-b777-200er-values/ |title= The Last Decade Has Not Favored B777-200ER Values |author= Aircraft Value News |date=2018-11-12 |access-date= 2018-11-13 |archive-date= 2018-11-13 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181113165648/http://www.aircraftvaluenews.com/the-last-decade-has-not-favored-b777-200er-values/ |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>。 -200ER的發動機可以在交付時可進行降功率處理,並降低發動機推力以適用於較短航程,從而降低最大起飛重量、降低購買價格、和[[落地費|著陸費用]],但可以重新調整為標準滿功率運作<ref name=SQ/>,因此[[新加坡航空]]訂購的-200ER飛機當中就有超過一半做了降功率處理<ref name=SQ>{{cite web |url=http://www.centreforaviation.com/analysis/sia-new-long-haul-low-cost-carrier-to-start-with-400-seat-b777s-plans-16-aircraft-fleet-within-five-58111 |title=SIA's new long-haul LCC to start with 400-seat B777s, plans 16-aircraft fleet within four years |publisher=CAPA Centre for Aviation |date=2011-09-01 |access-date= 2012-03-22 |archive-date=2012-03-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120317182807/http://www.centreforaviation.com/analysis/sia-new-long-haul-low-cost-carrier-to-start-with-400-seat-b777s-plans-16-aircraft-fleet-within-five-58111 |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/flying-with-us/ouraircraft/ |title=Our Fleet |work=新加坡航空公司 |year=2012年 |access-date=2012-03-22 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120324055551/http://www.singaporeair.com/en_UK/flying-with-us/ouraircraft/ |archive-date=2012-03-24|language=en}}</ref>。 -200ER在1997年2月6日首次交付給英國航空公司<ref name="Boe_777_back"/>,到了2018年已有338架投入航空公司服役<ref name=FlightCensus/>,{{as of|2019|lc=y}},已全部完成來自33個客戶共422份訂單<ref name=777_O_D_summ/><!-- Updates require a reference. -->,然而到2021年9月的疫情攪局之下,不到該型號總數量二分之一的182架仍繼續營運,而大部分作封存或退役處理<ref name="2021Service"/>。 ===777-200LR<span class="anchor" id="777-200LR Worldliner"></span>===<!-- This section is linked from [[KLM]] --> [[File:AP-BGY KJFK (37725309116).jpg|thumb|[[巴基斯坦國際航空]]為波音777-200LR的起始客戶|alt=飛機著陸進場。飛行中的雙引擎噴氣式飛機的側視圖,襟翼和起落架已展開。]] 777-200LR(“LR”代表遠程,{{langx|en|Long Range}})是針對C型市場所製造的機型,2006年投入使用後,成為航程最長的商用客機之一<ref name=Flug772/><ref>{{cite web |last=Field |first=David |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/delta-pushes-boeing-to-squeeze-more-range-from-777-2-222225/ |title=Delta pushes Boeing to squeeze more range from 777-200LR |date= 2008-03-17 |work=Flight International |access-date=2008-12-02 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080320012523/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/03/17/222225/delta-pushes-boeing-to-squeeze-more-range-from-777-200lr.html |archive-date=2008-03-20|language=en}}</ref>。儘管該機型仍然受到ETOPS限制<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.airweb.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/6f3c0a764bd5cd0d86257482006e966a/$FILE/T00001SE.pdf |title=FAA Type Certificate Data Sheet T00001SE |work=[[美国联邦航空管理局]] |access-date=2009-11-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160204170653/http://www.airweb.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/6f3c0a764bd5cd0d86257482006e966a/$FILE/T00001SE.pdf |archive-date=2016-02-04 |url-status=dead|language=en}}</ref>,但因為可以連接世界上幾乎所有機場<ref name=NYT_772LR_record>{{cite news |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/10/business/11air.html |title= Flight of Boeing's 777 Breaks Distance Record |author=Phillips, Don |agency= International Herald Tribune |date=2005-11-10 |newspaper=紐約時報 |access-date=2013-10-14 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150203152936/http://www.nytimes.com/2005/11/10/business/11air.html |archive-date=2015-02-03|language=en}}</ref>,且保持著商業客機最長直飛航班的世界紀錄<ref name="NYT_772LR_record"/>,而被波音公司稱之為「Worldliner」。{{as of|2017|lc=y}},-200LR的最大設計航程為{{convert|8555|nmi}}<ref name="Characteristics" />,主要用在超常途,例如[[洛杉磯]]到[[新加坡]]{{sfn|Norris|Wagner|1999|p=165}},並與現已停產的[[空中客车A340#A340-500系列|A340-500HGW]]<ref name=Flug772/>和當前的[[空中客车A350#A350-900ULR|A350-900ULR]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://leehamnews.com/2015/10/16/bjorns-corner-increasing-an-aircrafts-range/|title=Bjorn's Corner: Increasing an aircraft's range - Leeham News and Comment|date=2015-10-16|access-date= 2017-08-25|archive-date= 2018-08-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180809121025/https://leehamnews.com/2015/10/16/bjorns-corner-increasing-an-aircrafts-range/|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>等類似性能的空客飛機相互競爭。 -200LR與-300ER一起開發,不僅增加最大起飛重量和後貨艙中的三個可選輔助[[燃料箱|油箱]]<ref name=Flug772>{{cite web |url=http://www.flug-revue.rotor.com/FRtypen/FR77720l.htm |title=Datafile: Boeing 777-200LR Worldiner |work=Flug Revue |year=2006 |access-date=2009-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080517015012/http://www.flug-revue.rotor.com/FRtypen/FR77720L.htm |archive-date=May 17, 2008}}</ref>,還包括延伸傾斜翼尖、重新設計的主起落架以及額外的結構強化<ref name=Flug772/>。與-300ER和777F一樣,-200LR不僅配備延伸{{convert|12.8|ft|m|disp=flip}}的翼尖部分<ref name=Flug772/>,這架飛機還以GE90-110B1或GE90-115B渦輪風扇發動機來提供動力<ref name=Boeing_777_airport_report_gen1/>。第一架-200LR於2006年2月26日交付給[[巴基斯坦國際航空]]公司<ref name=pia777/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://active.boeing.com/commercial/orders/index.cfm?content=modelselection.cfm&pageid=m15525 |title=Deliveries |work=波音公司 |access-date=2009-09-08 |archive-date=2013-12-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131217122256/http://active.boeing.com/commercial/orders/index.cfm?content=modelselection.cfm&pageid=m15525 |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>,而12家不同的-200LR客戶共接收了61架飛機<ref>{{Cite web|date=2021-12-12|title=Boeing: Commercial Orders & Deliveries: Dec 2021|url=https://www.boeing.com/commercial/#/orders-deliveries|url-status=live|access-date=2021-12-05|website=www.boeing.com|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/19991002201937/http://www.boeing.com/commercial/#/orders-deliveries|archive-date=1999-10-02|language=en}}</ref>。到2018年為止,有50架-200LR機型正在服役中<ref name=FlightCensus/>,其中阿聯酋航空以擁有10架LR型飛機成為LR型的最大運營商<ref name="FI17">{{cite journal|last1=Thisdell|first1=Dan|last2=Morris|first2=Rob|date=2017-07-31|title=World Airliner Census 2017|department=Flightglobal Insight|journal=Flight International|publisher=飛行國際|publication-date=2017-08-12|language=en}}</ref>,然而到2021年9月,在61架-200LR客機當中,剩下38架繼續服務,而有部分航機進入封存或退役階段<ref name="2021Service"/>。 ===777-300=== [[File:Cathay Pacific Boeing 777-300; B-HNH@HKG;31.07.2011 614tz (6053499684).jpg|thumb|香港[[國泰航空]]為777-300的起始客戶|alt=飛機起飛。飛機上升的側視圖,起落架門打開。]] 777-300於1995年6月26日在[[巴黎国际航空航天展|巴黎航展]]首次公開後,於1997年3月開始組裝,7月21日機體拼接,9月8日下線,10月16日首飛<ref name=Flight3dec1997/>。777的設計目的是為了擴展20%客運量,包括三艙座位增加60個,達到近370個;兩艙座位增加75個,達到451個;全經濟艙座位(如747SR)最多達到550個座位。{{convert|10.1|m|ft}}的延伸是由前面相當於10個窗戶距離的{{convert|5.3|m|ft}},以及後面相當於9個窗戶距離的{{convert|4.8|m|ft}}組成,因此總長度延長到{{convert|73.8|m|ft}},比747-400長{{convert|3.4|m|ft}}。它使用-200ER的{{convert|171,200|litre|USgal}}燃油容量和推力{{convert|374|-|436|kN|lbf}}的發動機,其最大起飛重量為{{convert|263.3|to|299.6|t|lb}}<ref name=Flight3dec1997/>。 777-300具有用於滑行的地面機動攝像機和用於的防[[機尾擦地]]的装置,而擬議最大起飛重量為{{convert|324.6|t|lb}}的-300X則需要一個半槓桿式主起落架。其機翼機身第44節的蒙皮厚度從-200的{{convert|6.3|mm|in}}至-300的{{convert|11.4|mm|in}}而受到強化,並安裝了一對疏散門。典型三艙等佈局中勞斯萊斯發動機的運行空重為{{convert|155.72|t|lb}},而類似配置的-200則為{{convert|139.38|t|lb}}<ref name=Flight3dec1997/>。波音希望到2006年交付170架-300,因此到2002年為止每年生產28架,以取代早期的波音747,從而減少三分之一的燃油消耗,並降低40%的維護成本<ref name=Flight3dec1997>{{cite magazine |magazine= 飛行國際 |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1997/1997%20-%203324.html |title= Boeing's long stretch |author= Guy Norris |date= 1997-12-03 |access-date= 2017-10-29 |archive-date=2017-12-01 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20171201041100/https://www.flightglobal.com/pdfarchive/view/1997/1997%20-%203324.html |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>。 777-300配備{{convert|660,000|lb|t|disp=flip}}的最大起飛重量和推力{{convert|90,000|lbf|kN|disp=flip}}的發動機,航程為{{convert|6005|nmi}},三艙等共可容納368名乘客<ref name=777_perf/>。八個不同的客戶已接收了該型號的60架飛機,其中18架由PW4000提供動力,42架由RR Trent 800提供動力,然而,沒有任何-300飛機訂單採用GE90發動機是因為GE90從未在此型號上獲得認證<ref name="TypeCert">{{cite web |url= http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/8bff0e63469dd8eb862580190055ffa6/$FILE/T00001SE_Rev40.pdf |title= Type Certificate data sheet No. T00001SE |date= 2016-08-12 |publisher= FAA |access-date= 2016-10-23 |archive-date=2016-12-13 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161113003304/http://rgl.faa.gov/Regulatory_and_Guidance_Library/rgMakeModel.nsf/0/8bff0e63469dd8eb862580190055ffa6/$FILE/T00001SE_Rev40.pdf |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref><ref name=777_O_D_summ/>。在2006年完成最後一架-300的交付後<ref name=777_O_D_summ/>,截至2018年共有48架-300投入運營<ref name=FlightCensus/>,到2021年9月,在所有60架-300客機當中,僅剩6架繼續服務,而大部分客機則進入封存或除役階段<ref name="2021Service"/>。其中一架在[[阿聯酋航空521號班機事故|阿联酋航空521號班機]]事故中毀損,為首架全機報銷的777-300 ===777-300ER===<!-- This section is linked from [[KLM]] --> [[File:FGSQJ.jpg|thumb|一架採用[[法國航空]]塗裝的777-300ER飛機,該航空公司是最暢銷機型的起始客戶]] [[File:United Boeing 777-300ER N2136U IAD VA1.jpg|thumb|[[联合航空]]的一架波音777-300ER]] 777-300ER(“ER”代表增程,{{langx|en|Extended Range}})是-300的B型市場版本,其更高的最大起飛重量和增加的燃油容量允許最大航程為{{convert|7,370|nmi}},而兩艙座位安排可容納396名乘客<ref name=Characteristics/>。777-300ER具有傾斜和延伸的翼尖、強化的機身和機翼以及改良的主起落架<ref name=77Wspecs>{{cite web |author= Guy Norris |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/long-ranger-160884/ |title= Long Ranger |work= 飛行國際|date= 2003-01-28 |access-date= 2016-02-25 |archive-date= 2016-10-05 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161005091041/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/long-ranger-160884/ |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>,其機翼的[[展弦比]]值為9.0<ref name=leeUp>{{cite web |author= Scott Hamilton |url= http://leehamnews.com/2014/02/03/updating-the-a380-the-prospect-of-a-neo-version-and-whats-involved/ |title= Updating the A380: the prospect of a neo version and what's involved |publisher= Leeham news |date= 2014-02-03 |access-date=2014-06-21 |archive-date= 2014-04-08 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140408075935/http://leehamnews.com/2014/02/03/updating-the-a380-the-prospect-of-a-neo-version-and-whats-involved/ |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>。-300ER由[[通用電氣GE90|GE90-115B]]渦輪風扇發動機提供動力,其最大推力為{{convert|115300|lbf|kN|disp=flip}}而成為世界上最強大的噴氣發動機<ref name="GE90-115Bpower">{{cite web |url= http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/engineering/1280866 |title= Biggest Jet Engine |date= 2004年7月 |work= {{le|大眾機械|Popular Mechanics}} |author= Paul Eisenstein |access-date= 2011-06-03 |archive-date= 2014-12-24 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141224214613/http://www.popularmechanics.com/technology/engineering/1280866 |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>。 飛行測試後,其空氣動力的改良使燃油消耗額外減少了1.4%<ref name=green>{{cite web |author= Jon Ostrower |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/green-and-versatile-225112/ |title= Green and versatile |work= 飛行國際 |date= 2008-08-07 |access-date= 2016-02-25 |archive-date= 2016-03-07 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160307085733/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/green-and-versatile-225112/ |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref><ref name=77Wenhancement>{{cite news|author=Geoffrey Thomas |url=http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/common/story_page/0,5744,17428629%255E23349,00.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20051204032319/http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/common/story_page/0%2C5744%2C17428629%5E23349%2C00.html |url-status=dead |archive-date=2005-12-04 |title=Boeing nose ahead in Qantas order race |newspaper=The Australian |date=2005-12-02|language=en}}</ref>。在{{convert|0.839|Mach|altitude_ft=30000|knots km/h|0}}、飛航空層300、溫度-59°C和{{convert|513,400|lb|t|disp=flip}}重量下,-300ER每小時會燃燒{{convert|17,300|lb|t|disp=flip}}燃料。空機重量為{{convert|371,600|lb|t|disp=flip}}<ref>{{cite news |url= http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/20040405#!&pid=62 |title= In the Stretch - Flying the 777-300ER |author= David M. North |date=2004-04-05 |work= Aviation week |url-access= subscription |access-date= 2018-07-25 |archive-date= 2018-07-25 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20180725153349/http://archive.aviationweek.com/issue/20040405#!&pid=62 |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>。在飛機配置中,在重量為{{convert|216,370|kg}},飛航空層為350的狀態時,預計運行空重為{{convert|168,560|kg}},在M0.84/{{convert|472|kn|km/h}}的狀態下,總燃油流量約為每小時{{convert|6790|kg|lb}},而在M0.87/{{convert|506|kn|km/h}}狀態下則上升至每小時{{convert|8,890|kg|-1}}<ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/flight-test-boeing-777-300er-fast-and-heavy-176585/ |title= Flight Test: Boeing 777-300ER - Fast and heavy |date=2004-01-20 |work= 飛行國際 |access-date= 2016-10-23 |archive-date=2016-10-24 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161024023709/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/flight-test-boeing-777-300er-fast-and-heavy-176585/ |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>。 自推出以來,-300ER一直超越競爭對手A330/340系列,成為雙噴氣發動機銷售的主要推手<ref>{{cite web|url=http://centreforaviation.com/analysis/777-300er-fleet-report-orders-have-peaked-but-swiss-united-and-kuwait-new-operators-in-2016-268001|title=777-300ER fleet report: orders have peaked but Swiss, United and Kuwait new operators in 2016|work=CAPA - Centre for Aviation|date=2016-02-25|access-date=2016-02-25|archive-date=2016-08-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160827175621/https://centreforaviation.com/analysis/777-300er-fleet-report-orders-have-peaked-but-swiss-united-and-kuwait-new-operators-in-2016-268001|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,而直接競爭對手包括空客A340-600和[[A350-1000]]<ref name=777pressure>{{cite web |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/airbus-a350-xwb-puts-pressure-on-boeing-777-219901/ |title= Airbus A350 XWB puts pressure on Boeing 777 |publisher= 飛行國際|date= 2007-11-26 |access-date= 2016-02-25 |archive-date= 2016-03-08 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160308174257/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/airbus-a350-xwb-puts-pressure-on-boeing-777-219901/ |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>,其中使用2台發動機的777-300ER相對於使用4台發動機的A340-600,其典型運營成本優勢約為8-9%<ref name="exclusive-a340e">{{cite web |author= Ben Kingsley-Jones |author2= Guy Norris |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/exclusive-enhanced-a340-to-take-on-777-203391/ |title= Enhanced A340 to take on 777 |work= 飛行國際 |date= 2005-11-29 |access-date=2016-02-25 |archive-date= 2016-03-07 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160307102539/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/exclusive-enhanced-a340-to-take-on-777-203391/ |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>。鑑於-300ER具有「可以省下20%燃油消耗」的優勢,多家航空公司在燃油價格上漲的情況下購買了-300ER作為747-400的替代機型<ref name=fuelsaver/>。{{as of|2015|lc=y}},-300ER的每座每小時成本為44美元,[[空客A380]]的每座每小時成本約為50美元(每小時運營成本約為26,000美元),而波音747-400的每座每小時成本為90美元<ref>{{cite web |url= http://airinsight.com/2015/11/20/the-a380s-future/ |title= The A380's future |date= 2015-11-20 |publisher= AirInsight |access-date=2016-04-22 |archive-date= 2016-04-13 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160413052841/http://airinsight.com/2015/11/20/the-a380s-future/ |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>。在-300ER來到巔峰的時候,一架新飛機的價值為1.5億美元,不過到2019年,其價值就降到1,700萬美元<ref>{{cite news |url= http://www.aircraftvaluenews.com/b777-300er-residuals-come-under-spotlight/ |title= B777-300ER Residuals Come Under Spotlight |author= Aircraft Value News |date= 2019-03-18 |access-date= 2019-03-18 |archive-date=2020-09-19 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200919102550/https://www.aircraftvaluenews.com/b777-300er-residuals-come-under-spotlight/ |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>。 第一架777-300ER於2004年4月29日交付給法國航空公司<ref>{{cite web|url=http://corporate.airfrance.com/uploads/media/new_boeing_777-300ER_joins_airfrance_fleet_02.pdf|title=New Boeing 777-300ER Joins Air France Fleet|publisher=法國航空公司|date=2004-05-13|access-date=2013-08-25 |url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120917104714/http://corporate.airfrance.com/uploads/media/new_boeing_777-300ER_joins_airfrance_fleet_02.pdf|archive-date=2012-09-17|language=en}}</ref>,並由日本航空作為啟動用戶,隨後在2010年的訂單量和2013年的交付量上均超過了-200ER而成為最暢銷的777型號<ref name=777_O_D_summ/>。{{as of|2018}},已有784架波音777-300ER投入使用<ref name=FlightCensus/>,{{as of|2019}},-300ER的交付數量總計來到810架,還有34架未完成<ref name=777_O_D_summ/>。該機型已於2022年停產,最後一架客機在2024年12月交付給埃塞俄比亞航空(非最後下線)。雖然到2021年9月時經歷嚴峻的疫情,但在827架-300ER客機當中,仍有703架維持營運,而少部分做封存或退役處理<ref name="2021Service"/>。 2021年,随着最后一架波音777-300ER(注册号:VP-BFC)交付[[俄羅斯航空|俄罗斯航空]],波音正式关停波音777-300ER的生产线。為因應該機停產隨之而來的缺件潮,部分退役的777-300ER被拆解作為備件,而有部分則改裝為貨機。 ===777F貨機=== [[File:Qatar Cargo Boeing 777F A7-BFM at Schiphol 24-11-2022.jpg|thumb|[[卡達航空]]的波音777F]] [[File:Boeing 777-FS2 N886FD "Amara" Federal Express.jpg|thumb|[[联邦快递航空]]為777F的最大運營商]] 777貨機(777F)是雙噴氣機的全貨機版本,與-200LR具有相同的功能,包括機身、發動機<ref name=cargokings>{{cite web |last=Norris |first=Guy |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cargo-kings-new-boeing-777f-and-747-8f-programmes-206571/ |title=Cargo Kings: new Boeing 777F and 747-8F programmes |work=飛行國際 |date=2006-05-16 |access-date=2016-10-27 |archive-date=2016-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161027192300/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/cargo-kings-new-boeing-777f-and-747-8f-programmes-206571/ |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>和燃油量<ref name=Boeing_777_airport_report_gen2/>。在最大有效載荷量為{{convert|228700|lb|kg|disp=flip}}(類似於波音747-200F的{{convert|243000|lb|kg|disp=flip}})的狀態下,其最大航程為{{convert|9,750|nmi}},或是在最大有效結構載荷量狀態下的{{convert|4,970|nmi}}<ref name=boeplanechars>{{cite web |url= https://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/airports/acaps/777_2lr3er.pdf |title= 777-200LR/-300ER/-Freighter Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning |publisher= 波音公司|date= 2015年5月 |access-date= 2021-03-31 |archive-date= 2021-02-24 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210224200839/http://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/airports/acaps/777_2lr3er.pdf |url-status= live|language=en}}</ref>。 777F還配備了一個新的區域,包括剛性貨艙前方的四個商務艙座椅、完整的主甲板通道、舖位和廚房<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.boeing.com/commercial/aeromagazine/articles/qtr_02_09/article_02_1.html |title= 777 Freighter: Efficiency for Long-Haul Operators |publisher= 波音公司|work= Aero Magazine |author= Jason S. Clark and Kenneth D. Kirwan |date= 2015年5月 |access-date=2021-03-31 |archive-date= 2021-03-01 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20210301042948/https://www.boeing.com/commercial/aeromagazine/articles/qtr_02_09/article_02_1.html |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>。與老式貨機相比,由於777F有望提高運營經濟性<ref name=fuelsaver/>,航空公司已將此視為波音747-200F、麥道DC-10和麥道MD-11F等貨機的替代機型<ref name=Flug777F>{{cite web |url=http://www.flug-revue.rotor.com/FRtypen/FR777F.htm |title=Datafile: Boeing 777F |work=Flug Revue |year=2006年 |access-date=2009-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080130004241/http://www.flug-revue.rotor.com/FRtypen/FR777F.htm |archive-date= 2008-01-30|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url= https://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/manufacturing/2005-03-25-boeing-air-france_x.htm |title= Air France to buy Boeing 777 freighters |date= 2005-03-25 |agency= 美聯社 |work= USA Today |access-date= 2010-10-19 |archive-date= 2011-08-04 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20110804225956/http://www.usatoday.com/money/industries/manufacturing/2005-03-25-boeing-air-france_x.htm |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>。 第一架777F於2009年2月19日交付給法國航空公司<ref name=af777f/>,在9年後共有202架飛機完成交付後投入使用<ref name=FlightCensus/>,到2021年4月,777F已累計來自25家客戶的247架確認訂單和45架選擇權<ref name=777_O_D_summ/>,同年9月,有208架777F完成交付,其中有207架投入載貨服務,而有1架在2020年事故中報廢<ref name="2021Service"/><!-- Updates require a newer reference. -->。 在2000年代,波音開始研究將777-200ER和-200客機改裝為貨機,名稱為777BCF({{lang|en|Boeing Converted Freighter}},直譯:「波音改裝貨機」)<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-reveals-cargo-conversion-development-studies-316341/|title=Boeing reveals cargo conversion development studies for 777|last=Sobie|first=Brendan|date=2008-09-23|work=Air Transport Intelligence via Flightglobal.com|access-date=2010-10-19|archive-date=2015-11-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117020559/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-reveals-cargo-conversion-development-studies-316341/|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,並與聯邦快遞航空、[[联合包裹服务航空]]和{{le|通用電氣資本航空服務|GE Capital Aviation Services}}等多家航空公司進行討論,以提供777BCF項目的啟動訂單<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-expects-to-secure-777bcf-launch-customer-in-e-348642/|title=Boeing expects to secure 777BCF launch customer in early 2011|last=Sobie|first=Brendan|date=2010-10-19|work=Air Transport Intelligence via Flightglobal.com|access-date=2010-10-19|archive-date=2015-11-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117023215/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-expects-to-secure-777bcf-launch-customer-in-e-348642/|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。 === 777-300ER(SF)特別貨機 === 波音公司在2018年7月研究777-300ER改裝成[[貨機]]的構想,瞄準需要更大貨運容量的市場,而不是777F的[[密度|重貨物]]市場<ref name=Leeham17jul2018/>。在考慮了-200ER P2F計劃後,波音仍希望在秋季之前完成其研究,是因為從2020年起用[[777X]]取代老化的-300ER<ref name="Leeham17jul2018">{{cite news|url=https://leehamnews.com/2018/07/17/farnborough-boeing-global-services-ponders-777-300er-p2f-program/|title=Farnborough: Boeing Global Services ponders 777-300ER P2F program|date=2018-07-17|work=Leeham News|access-date=2018-07-19|archive-date=2018-11-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106231016/https://leehamnews.com/2018/07/17/farnborough-boeing-global-services-ponders-777-300er-p2f-program/|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。新製造的777-300ER可能會將交付率維持在每月5架,以彌補777X交付之前的生產缺口<ref>{{cite news|url=https://leehamnews.com/2018/10/23/boeings-growing-777x-challenge/|title=Boeing's growing 777X challenge|date=2018-10-23|work=Leeham News|access-date=2018-10-24|archive-date=2018-11-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181116084818/https://leehamnews.com/2018/10/23/boeings-growing-777x-challenge/|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。在已交付的811架777-300ER和2019年10月之前交付的33架中,通用電氣資本航空服務公司(GECAS)預計到2030年將有多達150-175架訂單,其四到五個月的轉換成本約為3500萬美元<ref name=Flight16oct2019/>。 2019年10月,波音和[[以色列航太工業]]公司(IAI)共同推出777-300ERSF客改貨機改裝計劃,GECAS訂購了15架飛機外加15架選擇權,成為首個市場推出的777貨機改裝計劃<ref name=Flight16oct2019>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/gecas-and-iai-launch-777-300er-cargo-conversion-461491/|title=GECAS and IAI launch 777-300ER cargo conversion|last=Kingsley-Jones|first=Max|date=2019-10-16|website=飛行國際|language=en-GB|access-date=2019-10-17|archive-date=2019-10-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017004631/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/gecas-and-iai-launch-777-300er-cargo-conversion-461491/|url-status=live}}</ref>。2020年6月,IAI從GECAS接收第一架需要改裝的777-300ER客機<ref name=Flight28oct2020/>,GECAS則在同年10月宣布[[卡利塔航空]]成為2023年開始的啟動運營商<ref name=Flight28oct2020>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/airframers/kalitta-to-be-launch-operator-of-777-300ersf-converted-freighter/140852.article |title= Kalitta to be launch operator of 777-300ERSF converted freighter |author= Jon Hemmerdinger |date= 2020-10-28 |work= 飛行國際|access-date= 2020-10-29 |archive-date= 2020-11-01 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201101034743/https://www.flightglobal.com/airframers/kalitta-to-be-launch-operator-of-777-300ersf-converted-freighter/140852.article |url-status= live|language=en}}</ref>。雖然因為2019冠狀病毒病疫情造成-300ERSF的預定交付時間延遲至2024年,但在2023年3月24日完成-300ERSF的首飛<ref name="service">{{cite web|title=IAI 777-300ERSF To Enter Service Before 2024|url=https://mentourpilot.com/iai-777-300ersf-to-enter-service-before-2024/|date=2023-06-21|accessdate=2023-08-03|author=Spyros Georgilidakis|publisher=Mentour Pilot|language=en|archive-date=2023-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230803030123/https://mentourpilot.com/iai-777-300ersf-to-enter-service-before-2024/|dead-url=no}}</ref>。 改裝後的飛機,其最大有效載荷量為{{convert|101.6|t|lb}},航程為{{convert|4,500|nmi}},並與777F共用艙門孔徑和機尾位置<ref name=Flight16oct2019/>。它的貨物容量為{{convert|819|m3|cuft}},比777F多出{{convert|164|m3|cuft}},大約多{{#expr:164/(8.19-1.64)round0}}%的空間,並可容納47個96 x 125英寸[[集裝器|標準托盤]](P6P),比777-200LRF和[[波音747-400|747-400F]]分別多出10個和8個<ref name=Flight16oct2019/>。在封住窗戶、停用客用艙門、機身和地板加固以及安裝主甲板貨艙門的情況下777-300ERSF的體積比747-400BCF多了15%<ref name=Flight28oct2020/>。到2023年3月,IAI總共收到60多個訂單,並完成為AerCap改裝的777-300ER首飛<ref>{{cite news |url= https://aircosmosinternational.com/article/the-world-s-first-successful-flight-of-a-b777-300er-converted-to-a-freighter-3743 |date= 2023-03-24 |work= Air & Cosmos |title= The world's first successful flight of a B777-300ER converted to a freighter |language= en |accessdate= 2023-07-17 |archive-date= 2023-06-07 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230607054517/https://www.aircosmosinternational.com/article/the-world-s-first-successful-flight-of-a-b777-300er-converted-to-a-freighter-3743 |dead-url= no }}</ref>。 ===777X=== [[File:777X Roll-Out (47320063842).jpg|thumb|首架777-9於2019年3月13日揭幕]] {{main|波音777X}} 777X將配備新型GE9X發動機和帶折疊翼尖的新型複合材料機翼<ref name=777Xlaunch/>,並在2013年11月推出777-8和777-9兩種型號<ref name=777Xlaunch>{{cite press release |title= Boeing Launches 777X with Record-Breaking Orders and Commitments |url= http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2013-11-17-Boeing-Launches-777X-with-Record-Breaking-Orders-and-Commitments |publisher= 波音公司|date= 2013-11-17 |access-date= 2013-12-23 |archive-date=2014-02-13 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140213081058/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/2013-11-17-Boeing-Launches-777X-with-Record-Breaking-Orders-and-Commitments |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>。777-8可容納384名乘客,航程為{{convert|8730|nmi}},777-8F為衍伸自777-8的貨機型號,可載運112.3噸貨物,航程為{{convert|4,410|nmi}}<ref name="flight20230808">{{cite news |last1=Perry |first1=Dominic |title=Boeing stretches 777-8 passenger jet to match freighter's fuselage |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/boeing-stretches-777-8-passenger-jet-to-match-freighters-fuselage/154453.article |work=Flight Global |date=August 8, 2023 |language=en |access-date=2025-05-20 |archive-date=2025-07-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250710205935/https://www.flightglobal.com/air-transport/boeing-stretches-777-8-passenger-jet-to-match-freighters-fuselage/154453.article |dead-url=no }}</ref>。777-9可容納426名乘客,航程超過{{convert|7285|nmi}}<ref name=Boeing25jan2020>{{cite press release |url= https://investors.boeing.com/investors/investor-news/press-release-details/2020/New-Boeing-777X-Completes-Successful-First-Flight/default.aspx |title= New Boeing 777X Completes Successful First Flight |date= 2020-01-25 |publisher= 波音公司|access-date= 2020-01-27 |archive-date= 2020-01-26 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20200126091019/https://investors.boeing.com/investors/investor-news/press-release-details/2020/New-Boeing-777X-Completes-Successful-First-Flight/default.aspx |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>。 777-9於2020年1月25日首飛,最初預計交付時間為2022年或2023年<ref name=Boeing25jan2020/><ref>{{cite web|url=https://simpleflying.com/boeing-777x-delivery-delay/|title=Boeing's First 777X Delivery Has Been Delayed To 2022|publisher=simpleflying.com|date=2020-07-29|access-date=2020-10-03|archive-date=2020-10-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201011155722/https://simpleflying.com/boeing-777x-delivery-delay/|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|first=John|last=McDermott|url=https://airlinegeeks.com/2021/06/27/boeing-777x-certification-delayed-to-2023-after-faa-notification/|title=Boeing 777X Certification Delayed To 2023 After FAA Notification|work=AirlineGeeks|date=2021-06-27|access-date=2021-08-10|archive-date=2021-06-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210628021937/https://airlinegeeks.com/2021/06/27/boeing-777x-certification-delayed-to-2023-after-faa-notification/|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,後來推遲到2025年<ref name=777x2025>{{Cite news |last=Gates |first=Dominic |date=2021-06-27 |title=Boeing 777x delayed to 2025 |work=AirwaysMag |url=https://airwaysmag.com/boeing-777x-delayed-2025/ |access-date=2023-04-12 |language=en |archive-date=2022-06-25 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220625162317/https://airwaysmag.com/boeing-777x-delayed-2025/ |dead-url=no }}</ref>,另外還提出了更長的777-10X、777X貨機和777X BBJ型號版本<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hemmerdinger |first1=Jon |title=Qatar offers to be launch customer for a 777X freighter |url=https://www.flightglobal.com/paris-air-show-2019/qatar-offers-to-be-launch-customer-for-a-777x-freighter/133259.article |access-date=2020-12-09 |agency=飛行國際 |archive-date=2020-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201218091911/https://www.flightglobal.com/paris-air-show-2019/qatar-offers-to-be-launch-customer-for-a-777x-freighter/133259.article |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref> <!--請在「波音777X」條目添加777-8和777-9詳細資訊 -->。 ===政府及企業=== [[File:Boeing 777-2AN-ER, United Arab Emirates (Abu Dhabi Amiri Flight) AN1567289.jpg|thumb|{{le|阿拉伯聯合酋長國總統專機|Presidential Flight (UAE)|阿拉伯聯合酋長國政府的總統專機}}777-200ER|alt=飛機著陸進場。飛行中的雙引擎噴氣式飛機的側視圖,襟翼和起落架已展開。]] [[File:JASDF B777-300ER 80-1111 (4).jpg|thumb|一架日本[[航空自衛隊]]的777-300ER作為[[日本国政府专用机|日本空軍一號]]運行|alt=飛機著陸進場。飛行中的雙引擎噴氣式飛機的側視圖,襟翼和起落架已展開。]] 政府和私人客戶已購買了777的多個版本,儘管有些飛機也被提議用於其他軍事用途,但主要用於搭載重要貴賓,包括[[行政專機]]。 *777公務機(777 VIP)是出售給企業客戶的777[[波音公務機]]版本,波音公司已收到基於777-200LR和777-300ER客機型號的777 VIP飛機訂單<ref name="77LBBJ">{{cite web |url=http://boeing.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=20295&item=1512 |title=Boeing Business Jets Delivers 777-200LR to Aviation Link Company |date=2010-11-10 |work=波音公司|access-date= 2014-08-14 |archive-date=2014-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814132343/http://boeing.mediaroom.com/index.php?s=20295&item=1512 |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref name=77WBBJ>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-receives-order-for-777-300er-bbj-400275/ |title=Boeing receives order for 777-300ER BBJ |first=Greg |last=Waldron |work=飛行國際 |date=2014-06-11 |access-date=2014-08-14 |archive-date=2014-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814144050/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/boeing-receives-order-for-777-300er-bbj-400275/ |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,並由第三方承包商安裝私人飛機客艙<ref name=77LBBJ/>,而這些訂單可能需要3年時間才完成<ref>{{citation |first=Kate |last=Sarsfield |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/jet-aviation-secures-completion-contract-for-two-bbj-410105/ |title=Jet Aviation secures completion contract for two BBJ 777-300ERs |work={{le|飛行國際|Flightglobal}} |publisher=Reed Business Information |date=2015-03-13 |access-date=2015-03-14 |archive-date=2015-03-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150315052631/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/jet-aviation-secures-completion-contract-for-two-bbj-410105/ |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。 *KC-777是777的擬議[[空中加油|加油機]]版本,在2006年9月波音公司宣布,如果[[美國空軍]](USAF)需要比[[KC-767空中加油机|KC-767]]更大的加油機,更能夠運輸更多貨物或人員,波音將生產KC-777<ref>{{cite web |url=http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2006-09-27/business/0609270250_1_northrop-eads-tanker-contract-president-of-tanker-programs |title=Boeing adds 777 to tanker mix |last=Sachdev |first=Ameet |date=2006-09-27 |work=Chicago Tribune |access-date=2011-05-08 |archive-date=2012-01-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120108201032/http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2006-09-27/business/0609270250_1_northrop-eads-tanker-contract-president-of-tanker-programs |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Norris |first=Guy |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2006/10/03/209627/us-air-force-tanker-rfp-reveals-kc-777-offer.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090618113946/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2006/10/03/209627/us-air-force-tanker-rfp-reveals-kc-777-offer.html |archive-date=2009-06-18 |title=US Air Force tanker RFP reveals KC-777 offer |work=飛行國際 |date=2006-10-03 |access-date=2009-04-21|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.boeing.com/news/frontiers/archive/2006/november/cover.pdf |title=Ready to fill 'er up |work=波音公司|date=2006年11月 |access-date=2009-04-21 |archive-date=2011-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110813035251/http://www.boeing.com/news/frontiers/archive/2006/november/cover.pdf |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,然而在2007年4月,根據美國空軍的{{le|KC-X}}計劃,波音提供了基於767的KC-767高級加油機,而不是KC-777,以取代較小的波音[[KC-135空中加油机|KC-135「同溫層加油機」]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/wichita/stories/2007/04/09/daily22.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110805072633/http://www.bizjournals.com/wichita/stories/2007/04/09/daily22.html |archive-date=2011-08-05 |title=Boeing submits KC-767 tanker proposal |work=Wichita Business Journal |last=Vandruff |first=Ken |date=2007-04-11 |access-date= 2009-03-20 |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,只不過波音官員稱KC-777更適合相關的{{le|KC-Z}}計劃,以取代寬體麥道[[KC-10加油机]]<ref name="KC-Z">{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/usaf-lays-out-x-y-and-z-of-tanker-replacement-strategy-in-three-tranche-process-to-replace-ageing-210459/ |title=USAF lays out X, Y and Z of tanker replacement strategy in three-tranche process to replace ageing KC-135s |date=2006-11-08 |first=Graham |last=Warwick |work=飛行國際 |access-date=2014-08-14 |archive-date=2014-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814134434/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/usaf-lays-out-x-y-and-z-of-tanker-replacement-strategy-in-three-tranche-process-to-replace-ageing-210459/ |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。 *2014年,[[日本政府]]決定採購兩架777-300ER作為[[日本天皇|天皇]]和[[日本首相|首相]]的[[日本國政府專用機|官方航空運輸機]]<ref name=JASDF>{{cite news |title=Japan chooses Boeing 777-300ER as government's official jet |url=http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2014/08/12/national/japan-chooses-boeing-777-300er-governments-official-jet/ |access-date=2014-08-13 |agency=Jiji |work=Japan Times |date=2014-08-12 |archive-date=2017-06-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170628073411/http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2014/08/12/national/japan-chooses-boeing-777-300er-governments-official-jet/ |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,該飛機由[[航空自衛隊]]運營,呼號為“日本空軍一號”,於2019年投入使用,取代了兩架747-400。日本國防部特別選擇777-300ER是因為與之前的747機型有類似的功能<ref>{{cite news |title=政府専用機、後継の導入検討 官房長官 |url=http://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASFS1900G_Z10C13A7EB1000/ |access-date=2020-03-10 |newspaper=日本経済新聞 |date=2013-07-19 |archive-date=2020-09-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200919140652/https://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXNASFS1900G_Z10C13A7EB1000/ |url-status=live|language=ja}}</ref>,除了作VIP運輸外,還用於執行緊急救援任務<ref name=JASDF/>。 *777飛機正在或曾經擔任[[加蓬]](VIP配置的777-200ER)<ref>{{cite web |url= http://conventiondiasporagabonaise.org/actualit%C3%A9s/actualit%C3%A9s-gabon/354-bien-mal-acquis-boeing-vip-777-236.html |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140403040247/http://conventiondiasporagabonaise.org/actualit%C3%A9s/actualit%C3%A9s-gabon/354-bien-mal-acquis-boeing-vip-777-236.html |archive-date= 2014-04-03 |title=Boeing 777 de Papa Romeo |work=Convention de la Diaspora Gabonaise |date= 2014-03-17 |access-date=2014-08-14|language=fr}}</ref>、[[土庫曼斯坦]](VIP配置的777-200LR)<ref>"Turkmen Triple". ''Airliner World''. May 2014, p. 13.</ref>和[[阿拉伯聯合酋長國]](由VIP配置的777-200ER和777-300ER)等國家的官方政府運輸機<ref name=77WBBJ/>。[[拉菲克·哈里里]]在重新擔任[[黎巴嫩總理]]之前,他就購買了一架777-200ER作為官方交通工具<ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/909269.stm |title=The battle for Lebanon's premiership |first=Christopher |last=Hack |date=2000-09-03 |publisher=[[BBC]] |access-date=2014-08-14 |archive-date=2014-08-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814125144/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/middle_east/909269.stm |url-status=live|language=en-GB}}</ref>。[[印度政府]]購買了兩架[[印度航空]]777-300ER並將其改裝為[[印度空軍]]運營的VVIP運輸機,呼號為「{{le|印度航空一號|Air India One}}」,於2021年投入使用,並取代印度航空擁有的747飛機<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/narendra-modi-s-air-india-one-gets-rs-1300-cr-defence-upgrade-like-the-american-air-force-one-361756.html |title=Narendra Modi's Air India One Gets Rs 1300 Cr Defence Upgrade Like The American Air Force One |date= 2019-02-07 |website=indiatimes.com |access-date=2019-03-31 |archive-date=2019-03-31 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190331155705/https://www.indiatimes.com/news/india/narendra-modi-s-air-india-one-gets-rs-1300-cr-defence-upgrade-like-the-american-air-force-one-361756.html |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-10-01 |title=WATCH: VVIP aircraft Air India One for President, PM arrives in Delhi |url=https://www.livemint.com/news/india/watch-vvip-aircraft-air-india-one-for-president-pm-arrives-in-delhi-11601553016767.html |access-date=2021-10-14 |website=mint |language=en |archive-date=2023-04-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404222749/https://www.livemint.com/news/india/watch-vvip-aircraft-air-india-one-for-president-pm-arrives-in-delhi-11601553016767.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>。 *2014年,美國空軍研究了採用改良型777-300ER或777-9X來取代作為「[[空軍一號]]」的[[波音747-200]]飛機的可能性<ref name="Puget Sound Business Journal">{{cite news |last1=Wilhelm |first1=Steve |title=Will U.S. copy Japan and switch to 777 for Air Force One? |url=http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/news/2014/08/12/will-u-s-copy-japan-and-switch-to-777-for-air.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140814225929/http://www.bizjournals.com/seattle/news/2014/08/12/will-u-s-copy-japan-and-switch-to-777-for-air.html |archive-date=2014-08-14 |newspaper=Puget Sound Business Journal |access-date=2014-09-14 |url-status=dead|language=en}}</ref>。儘管美國空軍更喜歡四引擎飛機,但是他們認為現有飛機是在767剛剛-{zh-hans:通过;zh-hant:通過;zh-tw:透過;}-ETOPS認證時購買的,且幾十年後,777和其他雙噴氣飛機建立了與四噴氣飛機相當的性能水平<ref name="Puget Sound Business Journal"/>,因此最終決定放棄777,而選擇波音747-8作為下一個總統專機<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.af.mil/News/ArticleDisplay/tabid/223/Article/562748/af-identifies-boeing-747-8-platform-for-next-air-force-one.aspx |title= AF Identifies Boeing 747-8 platform for next Air Force One |date= 2015-01-28 |access-date= 2015-01-28 |website= 美國空軍 |archive-date= 2016-03-03 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20160303175608/http://www.af.mil/News/ArticleDisplay/tabid/223/Article/562748/af-identifies-boeing-747-8-platform-for-next-air-force-one.aspx |url-status= live|language=en}}</ref>。 ===試驗=== {{Main|{{le|ecoDemonstrator}}}} [[File:Boeing 777-200ER ecoDemonstrator N861BC.jpg|thumb|一架777-200ER作為2022年ecoDemonstrator專案示範機型]] 波音公司已在兩個研發項目中使用了777飛機。第一個項目是與勞斯萊斯和通用電氣合作研發的靜音技術演示器(QTD),以開發和驗證發動機進氣和排氣改裝,包括隨後在737 MAX、747-8和787系列中使用的鋸齒形引擎蓋,其測試於2001年和2005年進行<ref name="BFrontiersQTD2">{{cite web |last1=Burnett |first1=Bob |title=Ssshhh, we're flying a plane around here |url=https://www.boeing.com/news/frontiers/archive/2005/december/ts_sf07.html |website=波音公司 |access-date=2022-11-19 |date=2005年12月 |archive-date=2023-01-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230117170801/https://www.boeing.com/news/frontiers/archive/2005/december/ts_sf07.html |dead-url=no }}</ref>。 另一個計劃是“{{le|ecoDemonstrator}}”系列,旨在測試和開發減少[[航空業對環境的影響|航空對環境影響]]的科技和技術,該計劃於2011年啟動後,首架ecoDemonstrator專案飛機於2012年首飛,此後,波音公司與一系列工業合作夥伴合作,並使用各種機身來測試各種技術。截至2022年,777已在該專案被使用過3次,其中一次是777F於2018年執行世界上首次使用100%{{le|航空生物燃料|Aviation biofuel|永續航空燃料}}(SAF)的商業客機飛行<ref name="Key2018">{{cite web |last1=Broadbent |first1=Mark |title=Commercial Boeing ecoDemonstrator |url=https://www.key.aero/article/triple-seven-testbed |website=Key.Aero |publisher=Key Publishing Ltd. |access-date=2022-11-19 |date=2019-06-27 |language=en |archive-date=2022-10-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221020002330/https://www.key.aero/article/triple-seven-testbed |dead-url=no }}</ref>,而另一次是2022年將於777-200ER作測試,預計到2024年完成<ref name="Backgrounder 22">{{cite web |title=Backgrounder: The Boeing ecoDemonstrator Program (June 2022) |url=https://www.boeing.com/resources/boeingdotcom/principles/environment/pdf/BKG-ecoDemonstrator_2022.pdf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220620120530/https://www.boeing.com/resources/boeingdotcom/principles/environment/pdf/BKG-ecoDemonstrator_2022.pdf |archive-date=2022-06-20 |url-status=live |page=第3頁 |website=波音公司|access-date=2022-11-22|language=en}}</ref>。 ==運營商== {{main|波音777运营商列表}} [[File:Emirates Boeing 777 fleet at Dubai International Airport Wedelstaedt.jpg|thumb|right|[[迪拜國際機場]]:一排波音777-300和-300ER,由擁有最大777機隊的客戶[[阿聯酋航空]]運營|alt=多架飛機停靠在機場航站樓]] [[File:Philippine Airlines Boeing 777-300ER RP-C7776 LHR 2014-03-29.png|thumb|right|[[菲律賓航空]]一架波音777-300ER飛機正飛往倫敦[[希思羅機場]]降落]] 接收波音777飛機最多的客戶是阿聯酋航空、新加坡航空、聯合航空、[[國際租賃財務公司|ILFC]]和美國航空<ref name=777_O_D_summ/>。{{as of|2018|lc=y}},阿聯酋航空是777客機最大的航空公司運營商<ref name=FlightCensus/>,也是運營所有777機型的唯一客戶,包括-200、-200ER、-200LR、-300、-300ER和777F<ref name=777_O_D_summ/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thenational.ae/business/aviation/emirates-9bn-deal-beats-expectations |title=Emirates $9bn deal beats expectations |work=The National |first=Ivan |last=Gale |date= 2010-07-19 |access-date=2012-03-03 |archive-date=2012-10-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121006084310/http://www.thenational.ae/business/aviation/emirates-9bn-deal-beats-expectations |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>,其中包含一架作為第1,000架777的-300ER客機,在2012年3月的工廠揭幕典禮後交付給阿聯酋航空作為該航空公司的第102架777<ref name=ek1000>{{cite web |url=http://gulfnews.com/business/aviation/emirates-airline-receives-1-000th-boeing-777-1.989384 |title=Emirates airline receives 1,000th Boeing 777 |work=Gulf News |date=2012-03-03 |access-date=2012-03-03 |archive-date=2012-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120304061437/http://gulfnews.com/business/aviation/emirates-airline-receives-1-000th-boeing-777-1.989384 |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。 自2014年1月以來,由於缺乏主要的{{le|配件市場|Aftermarket (merchandise)|二手市場}},僅有一些[[廉價航空公司]]、[[包機]]航空公司和[[濕租|ACMI運營商]]在進行交易,因此777-200ER的價值下降了45%,比空中巴士A330和波音767的30%還要快。2015年,時任達美航空董事長兼首席執行官{{le|理察·安德森|Richard H. Anderson (businessman)}}表示,有人以不到1000萬美元的價格向他提供777-200飛機<ref name=Flight1sep2017/>。為了保持成本效益,運營商以每架1000萬美元左右的價格密集化經營777,例如[[酷航]]的雙艙等-200就擁有402個座位,而國泰航空在區域服務上將777-300的經濟艙3-3-3座位佈局改為3-4-3佈局,這樣就能增加到396個座位<ref name=Flight1sep2017>{{cite news |url= https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-777-classics-entering-their-twilight-years-440697/ |title= 777 Classics entering their twilight years |date= 2017-09-01 |author= Ellis Taylor |work= 飛行國際 |access-date= 2017-09-11 |archive-date= 2017-09-11 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20170911204654/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/analysis-777-classics-entering-their-twilight-years-440697/ |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>。不過在2017年,777經典飛機型號的主要客運服務即將結束,當中有43架經典777飛機(佔整個777機隊的7.5%)已經退役,其機齡範圍從3年到22年不等。 {{as of|2018|lc=y}},共有1,416架所有型號的777飛機在航空公司運營,包括[[阿聯酋航空]](163架)、[[聯合航空]](91架)、[[法國航空]](70架)、[[國泰航空]](69架)、[[美國航空]](67架)、[[卡塔爾航空]](67架)、[[英國航空]](58架)、[[大韓航空]](53架)、[[全日空]](50架)、[[新加坡航空]](46架)以及擁有該型號飛機較少的其他運營商<ref name=FlightCensus/>。雖然在2021年9月遭遇嚴峻的疫情期間,剩下1,176架777仍在服役中<ref name="2021Service">{{cite web|title=How Many Active Vs Stored Boeing 777s Are There?|url=https://simpleflying.com/how-many-active-vs-stored-boeing-777s-are-there/?newsletter_popup=1|date=2021-09-08|accessdate=2023-08-03|author=PRANJAL PANDE|publisher=Simple Flying|language=en|archive-date=2023-08-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230803142818/https://simpleflying.com/how-many-active-vs-stored-boeing-777s-are-there/?newsletter_popup=1|dead-url=no}}</ref>,但是到2023年8月,隨著全球疫情趨緩,波音777的營運數量回升到1,301架<ref>{{cite web|title=Boeing 777 Production List|url=https://www.planespotters.net/aircraft/production/boeing-777|accessdate=2023-08-07|website=Planespotters|language=en|archive-date=2023-08-07|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230807034213/https://www.planespotters.net/aircraft/production/boeing-777|dead-url=no}}</ref>。 ===訂單和交付=== {{main|波音777订单列表}} 截至2018年底,777飛機總共超過2000架訂單。<ref>{{cite news |url= https://randy.newairplane.com/2019/01/06/still-climbing-777-soars-past-2000-orders/ |title= Still Climbing: 777 Soars Past 2,000 Orders |author= Randy Tinseth |publisher= 波音公司|date= 2019-01-06 |access-date= 2019-01-07 |archive-date=2019-01-08 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190108045704/https://randy.newairplane.com/2019/01/06/still-climbing-777-soars-past-2000-orders/ |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref> {{波音777订单及交付情况}} ==展出的飛機== [[File:B-HNL Boeing 777 Cathay Pacific forward.jpg|thumb|right|在[[皮馬航空航天博物館]]展出的波音777-200原型機({{le|B-HNL|B-HNL}})|alt=停在沙漠地區的雙噴氣飛機]] *第一架波音777-200原型機B-HNL<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-historic-cathay-777-heads-for-us-museum-451965/|title=Historic Cathay 777 heads for US museum|publisher=飛行國際|access-date=2019-11-24|archive-date=2019-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190124012150/https://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/pictures-historic-cathay-777-heads-for-us-museum-451965/|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>(原註冊編號:N7771)於2018年中期退役,當時有媒體報導稱該飛機將在西雅圖[[飛行博物館]]展出,但該博物館隨後對此予以否認<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.facebook.com/8855517223/posts/10155839574747224/|title=The Museum of Flight|website=Facebook|access-date= 2018-06-28|archive-date=2021-05-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210527123612/https://www.facebook.com/login/?next=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2F8855517223%2Fposts%2F10155839574747224%2F|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。2018年9月18日,[[國泰航空]]和波音公司宣布將B-HNL捐贈給位於亞利桑那州圖森附近的[[皮馬航空航天博物館]],並作永久展示<ref>{{cite web|url=https://news.cathaypacific.com/cathay-pacific-boeing-to-donate-world-s-1st-777-to-aviation-museum|title=Cathay Pacific, Boeing to donate world's 1st 777 to aviation museum|publisher=國泰航空公司|access-date=2018-09-17|archive-date=2018-09-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180917215455/https://news.cathaypacific.com/cathay-pacific-boeing-to-donate-world-s-1st-777-to-aviation-museum|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。這架飛機於1994年製造,並在與波音公司合作六年後交付給國泰航空服役18年<ref>{{cite web |title=The first Boeing 777 goes to museum |url=https://airlinerwatch.com/the-first-boeing-777-goes-to-museum/ |website=Airliner Watch |access-date=2018-06-21 |archive-date=2018-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622005121/https://airlinerwatch.com/the-first-boeing-777-goes-to-museum/ |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Swopes |first1=Bryan |title=12 June 1994 |url=https://www.thisdayinaviation.com/12-june-1994/ |website=This Day in Aviation |access-date=2018-06-22 |archive-date=2018-06-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180622192635/https://www.thisdayinaviation.com/12-june-1994/ |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。 *前大韓航空所屬客機,註冊編號為HL7531的波音777-200ER<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.airliners.net/photo/Untitled/Boeing-777-2B5-ER/7008445?qsp=eJwtjcEKwkAMRP8lZy%2BlqNBbPXkQ9OAPhOxQF2p3SSJYSv/dtHgb3jxmFpIyOb7%2BnCuoIwOrvOhAlZXfRt1CiiGbK3suUy/%2B4TG86%2B18bJvwrKhf5iCJHb0IqiP9%2BV0TdKtgsk8OcdFEgD72TO0peMpWR942hDXRuv4A13UxIw%3D%3D|title=Boeing 777-2B5/ER|work=Airliners.net|access-date=2022-10-08|date=2022-09-29|language=en|archive-date=2023-04-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404074206/https://www.airliners.net/photo/Untitled/Boeing-777-2B5-ER/7008445?qsp=eJwtjcEKwkAMRP8lZy+lqNBbPXkQ9OAPhOxQF2p3SSJYSv/dtHgb3jxmFpIyOb7+nCuoIwOrvOhAlZXfRt1CiiGbK3suUy/+4TG86+18bJvwrKhf5iCJHb0IqiP9+V0TdKtgsk8OcdFEgD72TO0peMpWR942hDXRuv4A13UxIw==|dead-url=no}}</ref>,其前機身部分和駕駛艙已安裝在{{lk|東園科學技術大學校|동원과학기술대학교}},作為航空航天領域培訓學生的教育設施。駕駛艙以及頭等艙和經濟艙的部分客艙被保留,而前貨艙則被改造成會議區,並於2022年10月安裝完成。<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xarNVnt8bYY|title=[동원과학기술대학교] Landing!! BOEING-777|language=ko|work=YouTube|access-date=2022-10-08|date=2022-10-08|archive-date=2022-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221019193658/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xarNVnt8bYY|dead-url=no}}</ref> ==意外事故== [[File:Ice-Trent-800-Heat-Exchanger inset.jpg|thumb|[[航空事故调查局_(英国)|英國航空事故调查局]](AAIB)關於[[英國航空38號班機]](BA38)和達美航空18號班機(DL18)的事故報告當中,在實驗室內還原當時[[冰晶]]如何堵住[[勞斯萊斯遄達800]]發動機上的燃油[[换热器|熱交換器]]。<ref name="delta18details" /><ref name="FOHE"/> |alt=熱交換器。圓形網格結構,其部分錶面上有不均勻的小顆粒覆蓋。]] <!-- 此段落僅提供知名意外事故 --> {{as of|2024|May}},777已發生31起{{le|航空事故和事件|Aviation accidents and incidents}}<ref name="ASNdatabase">{{cite web|date=2019-03-03|title=Boeing 777 occurrences|url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/types/Boeing-777/database|access-date=2021-02-21|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|archive-date=2017-06-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170620173734/http://aviation-safety.net/database/types/Boeing-777/database|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,包括8起{{le|全機損毀事故|hull loss}}(飛行中5起和地面3起)總共造成{{#expr:3+239+298+1}}人死亡以及3起[[劫機]]事件<ref name=ASNlosses>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/types/Boeing-777/losses |title=Boeing 777 hull losses |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |date=2019-03-03 |access-date=2019-03-03 |archive-date=2016-08-13 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160813030927/http://aviation-safety.net/database/types/Boeing-777/losses |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref><ref name=ASNstatistics>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/types/Boeing-777/statistics |title=Boeing 777 Accident Statistics |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |date=2018-09-25 |access-date=2019-03-03 |archive-date=2016-08-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160812182426/http://aviation-safety.net/database/types/Boeing-777/statistics |url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。2001年9月5日,第一起涉及雙發噴氣式飛機的死亡事故發生在美國[[丹佛國際機場]],一架[[英國航空]]飛機加油時發生火災,造成一名地勤人員嚴重燒傷<ref name=ba2019>{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20010905-1 |title=British Airways Flight 2019 ground fire |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=2008-11-21 |archive-date=2010-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101115150631/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20010905-1 |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。該飛機的下翼板和發動機外殼遭受火災損壞,經過修繕後恢復使用<ref name=ba2019/><ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.ntsb.gov/_layouts/ntsb.aviation/brief.aspx?ev_id=20010918X01956&key=1 |title= DEN01FA157 entry |publisher= [[國家運輸安全委員會]] |date= 2005-02-24 |access-date=2011-01-02 |archive-date= 2016-10-05 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161005114217/http://www.ntsb.gov/_layouts/ntsb.aviation/brief.aspx?ev_id=20010918X01956&key=1 |url-status= live|language=en}}</ref>。 第一起全機毀損事故發生在2008年1月17日,一架配備勞斯萊斯遄達895發動機的777-200ER,從北京飛往倫敦的[[英國航空38號班機]],在距希思羅機場27L跑道頭約{{convert|1000|ft|m|disp=flip}}處墜毀,並滑向[[跑道入口内移|跑道入口]],這起事故雖然造成47人受傷,但無人死亡。起落架、翼根和發動機嚴重毀損<ref name=BA080201>{{cite news |title=Interim Management Statement |date=2008-02-01 |work={{le|Regulatory News Service}} |author=英國航空公司|url=http://www.investegate.co.uk/Article.aspx?id=200802010700330296N |access-date=2008-11-21 |author-link=英國航空 |archive-date=2009-01-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090116071025/http://www.investegate.co.uk/Article.aspx?id=200802010700330296N |url-status=live|language=en-GB}}</ref><ref name=BA038report>{{cite web |url=http://www.aaib.gov.uk/cms_resources.cfm?file=/1-2010%20G-YMMM.pdf |title=Report on the accident to Boeing 777-236ER, G-YMMM, at London Heathrow Airport on 17 January 2008 |publisher=Air Accidents Investigation Branch |date=2010-02-09 |access-date=2010-02-09 |archive-date=2014-12-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141218041718/http://www.aaib.gov.uk/cms_resources.cfm?file=%2F1-2010%20G-YMMM.pdf |url-status=live|language=en-GB }}</ref>,事故原因是飛機燃油中懸浮的冰晶堵住燃油熱交換器(FOHE)<ref name="FOHE"/><ref>{{cite news |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7941137.stm |title='High risk' of plane fault repeat |work=BBC News |date=2009-03-13 |access-date=2009-03-20 |archive-date=2009-03-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090321014020/http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/7941137.stm |url-status=live |language=en-GB}}</ref>。2008年末,遄達895發動機還發生了另外兩起輕微的瞬時推力喪失事故<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/02/29/221923/american-investigates-as-777-engine-fails-to-respond-to-throttle.html |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080304124553/http://www.flightglobal.com/articles/2008/02/29/221923/american-investigates-as-777-engine-fails-to-respond-to-throttle.html |archive-date=2008-03-04 |title=American investigates as 777 engine fails to respond to throttle |work=飛行國際 |last=Kaminski-Morrow |first=David |date=2008-02-29 |access-date=2009-03-20|language=en}}</ref><ref name="delta18details">{{cite web |url= http://www.aero-news.net/index.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=7cba7571-d0e2-4736-a08b-2c24fcd7f225 |date= 2008-12-22 |title= NTSB Investigates B777 Uncommanded Engine Rollback |work= Air Safety Week |access-date= 2009-04-02 |archive-date= 2013-11-04 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20131104015745/http://www.aero-news.net/index.cfm?do=main.textpost&id=7cba7571-d0e2-4736-a08b-2c24fcd7f225 |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>,而調查人員發現這兩起事故也是由於燃料中的冰晶堵塞FOHE而造成的,因此燃油熱交換器之後被重新改良設計<ref name="FOHE">{{cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EIMXfl8BIMA |title=Safety Recommendation: In reply refer to: A-09-17 (Urgent) and −18 |date= 2009-03-11 |work=探索頻道《{{le|Mayday (加拿大電視影集)|Mayday (Canadian TV series)|Mayday}}》 |access-date=2015-10-23 |archive-date=2016-03-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305053019/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EIMXfl8BIMA |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Woodman, Peter |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/ice-probable-cause-of-heathrow-crashlanding-1893650.html |title=Ice 'probable cause' of Heathrow crash-landing |work=The Independent |location=英國|date=2010-02-09 |access-date=2011-12-11 |archive-date=2012-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120126191838/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/ice-probable-cause-of-heathrow-crashlanding-1893650.html |url-status=live|language=en-GB }}</ref>。 第二起全機毀損事故發生在2011年7月29日,一架預定執行{{le|埃及航空667號班機事故|EgyptAir Flight 667|埃及航空667號班機}}的777-200ER在[[開羅國際機場]]登機口停靠時駕駛艙突然起火<ref name="SU-GBP">{{cite web |url=http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20110729-0 |title=EgyptAir Flight 667 ground fire |publisher=Aviation Safety Network |access-date=2012-01-02 |archive-date=2014-03-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140309144639/http://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20110729-0 |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>,機上人員隨即進行疏散,并且無人受傷<ref name="SU-GBP"/>,而機場消防隊也立刻將火撲滅<ref name=jacdec711>{{cite web |url=http://www.jacdec.de/news/months/11_07.htm |title=Recent Incidents / Accidents Worldwide |publisher=Jet Airliner Crash Data Evaluation Centre |date=2011年7月 |access-date=2012-01-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120106064051/http://www.jacdec.de/news/months/11_07.htm |archive-date=2012-01-06 |url-status=dead|language=en}}</ref>。起火事故後這架飛機因遭受結構式、高溫和濃煙損壞而被報廢<ref name="SU-GBP"/><ref name=jacdec711/>,而調查人員將調查重點放在駕駛艙機組氧氣系統中的電纜和供應軟管之間可能存在的短路問題<ref name="SU-GBP"/>。 第三起全機毀損事故發生在2013年7月6日,一架執行[[韓亞航空214號班機]]的777-200ER在[[舊金山國際機場]]著陸時墜毀。飛機被大火燒毀之前,機上307名倖存乘客和機組人員已撤離,但兩名未繫安全帶的乘客在墜機時從飛機上彈出窗外而當場死亡<ref name="NTSB/AAR-14/01">{{cite book |url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR1401.pdf |title=Descent Below Visual Glidepath and Impact With Seawall, Asiana Airlines Flight 214, Boeing 777-200ER, HL7742, San Francisco, California, July 6, 2013 |publisher=[[國家運輸安全委員會]] |date=2014-06-24 |access-date=2017-07-12 |archive-date=2017-04-30 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170430002302/https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR1401.pdf |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>,在事故發生六天後,有一名乘客因傷重不治而成為這起空難事故的第三名死者<ref name="CBS-2013-07-12">{{cite news |title=3rd fatality in Asiana flight crash |url=http://www.cbsnews.com/news/3rd-fatality-in-asiana-flight-crash/ |work=CBS News |date= 2013-07-12 |access-date= 2017-07-12 |archive-date=2017-07-03 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170703080754/http://www.cbsnews.com/news/3rd-fatality-in-asiana-flight-crash/ |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>,這起事故是波音777自1995年投入使用以來發生的首起空難事故<ref>{{cite web |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/uk-asiana-victim-coroner-idUKBRE96J00S20130720 |title=One Asiana victim killed by a vehicle, not plane crash - coroner |work=Reuters News Agency |date=July 20, 2013 |access-date=August 8, 2013 |archive-date=July 21, 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130721100652/http://uk.reuters.com/article/2013/07/20/uk-asiana-victim-coroner-idUKBRE96J00S20130720 |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="CBS-2013-07-12"/><ref name=FI_Asiana_777_crash>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/asiana-777-200er-crashes-at-san-francisco-airport-388004/ |title=Asiana 777-200ER crashes at San Francisco airport |work=Flight International |date=2013-07-06 |access-date=2013-07-06 |archive-date=2013-07-09 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130709224745/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/asiana-777-200er-crashes-at-san-francisco-airport-388004/ |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。在2014年6月公布的官方事故調查報告中說明該飛行員在最後進場時犯下20到30次失誤,而[[韓亞航空]]飛行員培訓和波音公司複雜飛行控制系統文檔中的缺失也被認為是造成這起空難事故的原因之一<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323823004578591422758092016 |title=Pilot Error Eyed in San Francisco Plane Crash |work=[[华尔街日报]] |date=2013-07-08 |quote=National Transportation Safety Board Chairman Deborah Hersman's comments indicated investigators were focused primarily on why the cockpit crew allowed speed to decay to such an extent ... |access-date=2013-07-08 |archive-date=2015-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150722173337/http://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424127887323823004578591422758092016 |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |url= https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/asiana-airlines-flight-214-crash-caused-by-boeing-planes-being-overly-complicated-9562331.html |title= Asiana Airlines flight 214 crash caused by Boeing planes being 'overly complicated' |work= The Independent |last= Withnall |first= Adam |date= 2014-06-25 |access-date= 2014-07-17 |archive-date= 2014-07-26 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20140726024031/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/asiana-airlines-flight-214-crash-caused-by-boeing-planes-being-overly-complicated-9562331.html |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref><ref name="AAR-14-01 Final Report">{{cite book |url=https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR1401.pdf |title=Descent Below Visual Glidepath and Impact With Seawall, Asiana Airlines Flight 214, Boeing 777-200ER, HL7742, San Francisco, California, July 6, 2013 |publisher=[[國家運輸安全委員會]] |id=NTSB/AAR-14/01 |date=2014-06-24 |access-date=2016-01-16 |archive-date=2016-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320123345/http://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Reports/AAR1401.pdf |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref>。 第四起全機毀損事故發生在2014年3月8日,一架載有227名乘客和12名機組人員的777-200ER客機在執行從吉隆坡飛往北京的[[馬來西亞航空370號班機]]途中據報失踪,空中交通管制部門最後報告該班機的位置是在[[南海]]上空<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/night-search-for-missing-777-to-test-malaysia-and-vietnam-396796/ |title=Night search for missing 777 to test Malaysia and Vietnam |work=飛行國際 |access-date=2014-03-08 |archive-date=2014-03-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308144935/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/night-search-for-missing-777-to-test-malaysia-and-vietnam-396796/ |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.malaysiaairlines.com/my/en/site/dark-site.html |title=Friday, March 14, 12:00 AM MYT +0800 Malaysia Airlines MH370 Flight Incident - 18th Media Statement |date= 2014-03-14 |publisher=馬來西亞航空公司 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140308134226/http://www.malaysiaairlines.com/my/en/site/dark-site.html |archive-date=2014-03-08|language=en}}</ref>。飛機搜尋工作開始後,馬來西亞總理於2014年3月24日宣布,經過對新衛星數據的分析,現在“毫無疑問地”認為該班機已在印度洋墜毀,無人生還<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/equal-importance-given-to-both-corridors-in-mh370-397046/ |title='Equal importance' given to both corridors in MH370 search |publisher=Reed Business Information |work=flightglobal.com |access-date=2015-04-01 |archive-date=2014-10-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141023193643/http://www.flightglobal.com/news/articles/equal-importance-given-to-both-corridors-in-mh370-397046/ |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-26716572 |title=Flight MH370 'crashed in south Indian Ocean' - Malaysia PM |work=BBC News |date=2014-03-24 |access-date=2015-04-01 |archive-date=2014-05-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502152333/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-26716572 |url-status=live|language=en-GB }}</ref>。這起事故原因尚不清楚,但馬來西亞政府於2015年1月宣布這是一起空難事故<ref>{{Cite news |url=https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2015/01/29/malaysia-declares-jets-disappearance-an-accident.html |title=Malaysia declares MH370's disappearance an accident |last=Ng |first=Eileen |date=2015-01-29 |agency=美聯社 |website=The Star |publisher=Toronto Star Newspaper Ltd. |access-date=2015-01-29 |archive-date=2015-02-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150201190732/http://www.thestar.com/news/world/2015/01/29/malaysia-declares-jets-disappearance-an-accident.html |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Nation/2015/01/29/MH370-full-statement-DCA/ |title= MH370: Full statement by DCA |date= 2015-10-29 |website= The Star Online |publisher= Star Media Group Berhad |access-date= 2015-04-20 |archive-date= 2015-02-03 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150203002211/http://www.thestar.com.my/News/Nation/2015/01/29/MH370-full-statement-DCA/ |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>,美國官員認為,最可能的原因傾向於370號班機駕駛艙內的某個人重新設定飛機的自動駕駛儀,使其向南穿越印度洋<ref>{{Cite web|last1=Almasy|first1=Steve|last2=Carter|first2=Chelsea J.|last3=Clancy|first3=Jim|date=2014-03-18|title=Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 search grows, pilots face scrutiny|url=https://www.cnn.com/2014/03/16/world/asia/malaysia-airlines-plane/index.html|access-date=2020-12-22|website=CNN|archive-date=2020-11-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201129000150/https://www.cnn.com/2014/03/16/world/asia/malaysia-airlines-plane/index.html|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Collins|first=David|date=2014-03-24|title=FBI to quiz wife of Flight MH370 pilot amid fears of cockpit hijack of missing plane|url=http://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/missing-malaysia-airlines-flight-fbi-3276536|access-date=2020-12-22|website=mirror|language=en|archive-date=2021-03-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210308130757/https://www.mirror.co.uk/news/world-news/missing-malaysia-airlines-flight-fbi-3276536|url-status=live|language=en-GB}}</ref>。2015年7月29日,在西印度洋的[[留尼旺島]]上發現了一個物品,後來被確認為飛機仍然失踪的{{le|襟翼|Flaperon}}<ref>{{Cite news |url= https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-37820122 |title= MH370: The key pieces of debris found by the public |work= [[BBC]] |date= 2017-01-23 |access-date= 2022-12-09 |language= en-GB |archive-date= 2023-08-08 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20230808213047/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-37820122 |dead-url= no }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title= MH370: What's next in the investigation? |url= http://www.cnn.com/2015/08/05/world/mh370-plane-debris-what-next/index.html |website= CNN |access-date= 2015-08-06 |archive-date= 2015-08-06 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150806091301/http://www.cnn.com/2015/08/05/world/mh370-plane-debris-what-next/index.html |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref>。 第五起全機毀損事故發生在2014年7月17日,一架777-200ER從[[阿姆斯特丹]]飛往[[吉隆坡]]的[[馬來西亞航空17號班機]],在飛越烏克蘭東部時被防空導彈擊中,在半空中解體並墜毀<ref>{{cite news|author=Baker|first=Peter|date=2014-07-19|title=With Jet Strike, War in Ukraine Is Felt Globally|newspaper=紐約時報|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/20/world/europe/with-jets-fall-war-in-ukraine-is-felt-globally.html|issn=0362-4331|access-date= 2017-02-14|archive-date=2017-04-11|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170411065615/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/07/20/world/europe/with-jets-fall-war-in-ukraine-is-felt-globally.html|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,造成機上298人(283名乘客和15名機組人員)全部遇難,成為涉及波音777的最嚴重墜機事故<ref>{{Cite web|last=Ranter|first=Harro|title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 777-2H6ER 9M-MRD Hrabove|url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20140717-0|access-date=2020-12-22|website=aviation-safety.net|publisher=Aviation Safety Network|archive-date=2020-06-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200603195052/https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20140717-0|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>,這起空難事故隨後被證實與該地區正在進行的[[顿巴斯战争]]有關<ref name=m17>{{cite web |last1=Walshe |first1=Michael |last2=McShane |first2=Larry |url=http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/malaysian-airlines-plane-crashes-ukraine-russian-border-article-1.1870413 |title=Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 shot down by surface-to-air missile in what Ukrainian president calls 'act of terrorism' |website=NY Daily News |publisher=New York Daily News |date=2014-07-17 |access-date=2014-07-17 |archive-date=2014-07-17 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140717185307/http://www.nydailynews.com/news/world/malaysian-airlines-plane-crashes-ukraine-russian-border-article-1.1870413 |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Shoichet|first=Catherine E.|last2=Fantz|first2=Ashley|date=2014-07-17|title=U.S. official: Missile hit Malaysia Airlines plane|work=CNN|url=http://www.cnn.com/2014/07/17/world/europe/ukraine-malaysia-airlines-crash/index.html|access-date=2015-04-01|archive-date=2015-03-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150326131010/http://www.cnn.com/2014/07/17/world/europe/ukraine-malaysia-airlines-crash/index.html|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。根據{{le|荷蘭安全委員會|Dutch Safety Board}}和聯合調查小組在2018年5月公布的正式結論,荷蘭和澳大利亞政府認為俄羅斯應該對在親俄分裂主義者控制的領土上擊落這架客機的[[9K37导弹|“山毛櫸”導彈系統]]的部署負責<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |url=https://www.government.nl/latest/news/2018/05/25/mh17-the-netherlands-and-australia-hold-russia-responsible |title=MH17: The Netherlands and Australia hold Russia responsible |date=2018-05-25 |website=荷蘭政府 |access-date=2018-05-25 |archive-date=2021-04-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210427105812/https://www.government.nl/latest/news/2018/05/25/mh17-the-netherlands-and-australia-hold-russia-responsible |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。 第六起全機毀損事故發生在2016年8月3日,一架777-300的[[阿聯酋航空521號班機]]在[[迪拜]]機場降落時墜毀並起火<ref name="DC201608">{{cite news |title=Emirates flight from Trivandrum crash-lands in Dubai, passengers safe |url=http://www.deccanchronicle.com/world/asia/030816/emirates-flight-from-trivandrum-to-dubai-crash-lands-passengers-safe.html |access-date=2016-08-03 |newspaper=Deccan Chronicle |date=2016-08-03 |archive-date=2016-08-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160805042829/http://www.deccanchronicle.com/world/asia/030816/emirates-flight-from-trivandrum-to-dubai-crash-lands-passengers-safe.html |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref>。初步調查表明,飛機當時正試圖在強烈風切下降落,在機輪著陸到跑道後不久,飛行員啟動重飛程序,然而油門較晚啟動,因此飛機最終在起落架正在收回時腹部著地,導致一台發動機分離、飛機失控並墜毀起火<ref>{{cite web |title=Preliminary Report AIFN/0008/2016 |url=https://www.gcaa.gov.ae/en/ePublication/admin/iradmin/Lists/Incidents%20Investigation%20Reports/Attachments/90/2016-2016%20-%20Preliminary%20Report,%20AAIS%20Case%20AIFN-0008-2016%20-%20A6-EMW.pdf |website=Gcaa.gov.ae |publisher=GCAA |access-date=2016-11-07 |archive-date=2016-09-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160906230455/https://www.gcaa.gov.ae/en/ePublication/admin/iradmin/Lists/Incidents%20Investigation%20Reports/Attachments/90/2016-2016%20-%20Preliminary%20Report,%20AAIS%20Case%20AIFN-0008-2016%20-%20A6-EMW.pdf |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。雖然機上的300名乘客沒有出現傷亡,但一名機場消防員在救火中殉職。飛機的機身和右翼因猛烈火勢造成嚴重毀損,導致這架飛機最終無法修復而報廢<ref name="DC201608"/><ref name=NDTV>{{cite news |url=http://www.ndtv.com/photos/news/images-of-the-emirates-plane-that-burst-into-flames-in-dubai-22563?site=full#photo-283025 |title=Images Of The Emirates Plane That Burst Into Flames In Dubai |work=NDTV |access-date=2016-08-07 |archive-date=2016-08-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160806231510/http://www.ndtv.com/photos/news/images-of-the-emirates-plane-that-burst-into-flames-in-dubai-22563?site=full#photo-283025 |url-status=live |language=en}}</ref>。 第七起全機毀損事故發生在2017年11月29日,一架[[新加坡航空]]777-200ER客機在[[新加坡樟宜機場]]被牽引時起火。當時機上只有一名飛機技術人員,並安全撤離。這架飛機因高溫嚴重毀損而報廢<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20171129-0 |title=ASN Aircraft accident Boeing 777-212ER 9V-SQK Singapore-Changi International Airport (SIN) |last=Ranter |first=Harro |website=aviation-safety.net |access-date=2019-09-27 |archive-date=2020-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201022155801/https://aviation-safety.net/database/record.php?id=20171129-0 |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。2020年7月22日,一架[[埃塞俄比亞航空]]777F客機在[[上海浦東國際機場]]貨運區發生另一起火災,這架飛機同樣也因高溫嚴重毀損而報廢,並成為第八起全機毀損事故<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/ethiopian-777f-suffers-major-fire-in-shanghai/139423.article|title=Ethiopian 777F suffers major fire in Shanghai|first=Alfred|last=Chua|date=2020-07-22|website=飛行國際|access-date=2020-07-22|archive-date=2020-07-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200722094838/https://www.flightglobal.com/ethiopian-777f-suffers-major-fire-in-shanghai/139423.article|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Madureira |first1=Catarina |title=Breaking: Ethiopian Boeing 777 Freighter Caught Fire in Shanghai |url=https://samchui.com/2020/07/22/breaking-ethiopian-boeing-777-freighter-caught-fire-at-shanghai/ |website=SamChui.com |access-date=2020-07-22 |date=2020-07-22 |archive-date=2020-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200722122328/https://samchui.com/2020/07/22/breaking-ethiopian-boeing-777-freighter-caught-fire-at-shanghai/ |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref>。 2021年2月20日,一架777-200執飛[[聯合航空328號班機]]由丹佛國際機場飛往檀香山丹尼尔·井上國際機場,其右舷發動機發生故障,隨後整流罩和其他發動機零件在[[丹佛]]郊區上空發生脫落,因此機長見狀後立即宣布進入緊急狀態並返回丹佛機場降落<ref>{{cite web|url=https://edition.cnn.com/2021/02/22/us/boeing-aircraft-engine-fail-monday/index.html|title=Engine debris rained over a mile across a Denver suburb. Now Boeing recommends suspending its 777s with that engine|access-date=2021-02-22|website=CNN|date=2021-02-22 |archive-date=2021-02-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210222111200/https://edition.cnn.com/2021/02/22/us/boeing-aircraft-engine-fail-monday/index.html|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref>。在進行正式調查之前,立即為該飛機做了檢查,並發現右舷發動機的兩個風扇葉片折斷而造成這起事故的發生<ref name=bbc4031>{{Cite news |title=Boeing 777: Signs of 'metal fatigue' found on Denver plane engine |website=BBC News |date=2021-02-23 |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-56163403 |access-date=2021-02-23 |archive-date=2021-02-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210223124141/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-56163403 |url-status=live|language=en-GB }}</ref>。事後波音公司建議先暫停放飛所有128架配備[[普惠PW4000發動機]]的運營中777飛機並做詳細檢查,而一些國家還限制配備PW4000發動機的777飛機在其境內飛行<ref name=bbc4031/>。這起事故也追溯回2018年,當時從舊金山飛往夏威夷的{{le|聯合航空1175號班機事故|United Airlines Flight 1175|聯合航空1175號班機}}也曾因為執行航班採用相同發動機的777-200而發生類似問題<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2020/07/02/united-flight-1175-sfo-honolulu-ntsb-investigation/|title=NTSB: Inspection Mistakes Caused Engine Failure On 2018 SFO-Hawaii Flight|date=2020-07-02|access-date=2021-02-22|archive-date=2021-02-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210221033258/https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2020/07/02/united-flight-1175-sfo-honolulu-ntsb-investigation/|url-status=live|language=en}}</ref><!-- Only accidents or notable incidents above. See [[WP:AIRCRASH]], [[WP:AIRCRASH-TYPEARTICLE]] and [[WP:WikiProject Aviation/Aircraft accidents and incidents#Aircraft articles]] for project guidelines for inclusion. -->。 2024年5月21日,一架波音777-300ER執飛[[新加坡航空321号班机事故|新加坡航空321號航班]]由英國倫敦希斯羅機場飛往新加坡樟宜国际机场,在安达曼海靠近缅甸上空遭遇嚴重湍流,于當地時間15點45分緊急迫降在泰國曼谷機場。机上有104人受傷,其中7人重傷,一位73歲的英國籍男姓疑似因心臟病發作不治身亡,这是涉及波音777-300ER机型的首起有人死亡的事故<ref>{{Cite web |title=Singapore Airlines: CEO apologises for deadly 'traumatic' flight |url=https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ce99yy216l1o |access-date=2024-05-25 |website=bbc.com |language=en-GB |archive-date=2024-05-29 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240529202116/https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ce99yy216l1o |dead-url=no }}</ref><ref>[https://bbc.com/news/videos/ck77mldzlnpo attack] {{Wayback|url=https://bbc.com/news/videos/ck77mldzlnpo |date=20250328101645 }} BBC</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ranter |first=Harro |title=Accident Boeing 777-312ER 9V-SWM, Tuesday 21 May 2024 |url=https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/388147 |access-date=2025-01-01 |website=asn.flightsafety.org |archive-date=2025-01-07 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250107045314/https://asn.flightsafety.org/wikibase/388147 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。 2024年9月1日,一架波音777-300客機執飛日本全日空(ANA)航空原訂於從沖繩縣那霸機場飛往東京羽田機場的航班時,在正式起飛準備升空時機身卻突然不斷竄出濃濃白煙,於是緊急暫停起飛。機上約500名乘客,幸而並未造成任何人員傷亡。 ==規格== {{for|波音777-8和-9的規格|波音777X#規格}} {| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center" |+ 波音777規格比較表 ! 機型 ! colspan= 2 | 第一代<ref name=Boeing_777_airport_report_gen1>{{Cite techreport |url=http://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/airports/acaps/777_23.pdf |title=777-200/300 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning |publisher=波音公司|date=2008年12月 |access-date=2015-02-08 |archive-date=2015-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150923193631/http://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/airports/acaps/777_23.pdf |url-status=live|language=en }}</ref> ! colspan= 2 | 第二代<ref name=Boeing_777_airport_report_gen2>{{cite techreport |url= http://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/airports/acaps/777_2lr3er.pdf |title= 777-200LR/-300ER/-Freighter Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning |publisher= 波音公司|date= 2015年5月 |access-date= 2015-02-08 |archive-date= 2015-02-09 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20150209031114/http://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/airports/acaps/777_2lr3er.pdf |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref> |- ! 型號 ! 777-200/200ER ! 777-300 ! 777-300ER ! 777-200LR/777F |- ! 機師數 | colspan="6" | 2 |- ! 3艙等座位數<ref name="777_perf">{{cite web |url=http://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/startup/pdf/777_perf.pdf |title=777 performance summary |date=2009年 |publisher=波音公司|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140802021208/http://www.boeing.com/assets/pdf/commercial/startup/pdf/777_perf.pdf |archive-date=2014-08-02 |url-status=dead|language=en}}</ref> | 305(24F/54J/227Y) | 368(30F/84J/254Y) | 365(22F/70J/273Y) | 301(16F/58J/227Y){{efn|777F:228,700英鎊 / 103,737公斤}} |- ! 2艙等座位數<ref name=Characteristics>{{cite web |url= http://www.boeing.com/commercial/777/#/design-highlights/characteristics |title= 777 Characteristics |publisher= 波音公司|access-date= 2016-02-25 |archive-date= 2016-12-31 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161231080442/http://www.boeing.com/commercial/777/#/design-highlights/characteristics |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref> | 313 | colspan=2 | 396 | 317 |- ! 最大載客量<ref name="TypeCert"/> | 440 | colspan="2" | 550 | 440{{efn|777F:11}} |- ! 長度 | {{convert|63.73|m}} | colspan=2 | {{convert|73.86|m}} | {{convert|63.73|m}} |- ! 翼展 | colspan=2 | {{convert|60.93|m}},[[後掠翼]]31.6°<ref name=elsevier>{{cite web |url= http://booksite.elsevier.com/9780340741528/appendices/data-a/table-4/table.htm |title= Boeing Aircraft Data File |publisher= Elsevier |work= Civil Jet Aircraft Design |date= 1999年7月 |access-date= 2016-10-23 |archive-date= 2016-11-05 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20161105055750/http://booksite.elsevier.com/9780340741528/appendices/data-a/table-4/table.htm |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref> | colspan=2 | {{convert|64.80|m}},後掠翼31.6°<ref name=elsevier/> |- ! 機翼面積 | colspan=2 | {{convert|427.8|m2|sqft}}<ref name=elsevier/>,[[展弦比]]{{#expr:60.93/(427.8/60.93)round2}} | colspan=2 | {{convert|436.8|m2|sqft}}<ref name=AA120726>{{cite web |url= http://www.aspireaviation.com/2012/07/26/boeing-chooses-largest-wingspan-for-777x/ |date= 2012-07-26 |title= Boeing chooses largest wingspan for 777X |author= Daniel Tsang |work= Aspire Aviation |access-date= 2017-03-05 |archive-date= 2014-12-09 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20141209044428/http://www.aspireaviation.com/2012/07/26/boeing-chooses-largest-wingspan-for-777x/ |url-status= live |language=en}}</ref>,展弦比{{#expr:64.80/(436.8/64.80)round2}} |- ! 尾翼高度<ref name=Characteristics/> | {{convert|18.4|m}} | colspan=3 | {{convert|18.5|m}} |- ! 機身寬 | colspan=4 | {{convert|6.20|m}} |- ! 座艙寬 | colspan=4 | {{convert|5.86|m}}<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.boeing.com/farnborough2014/pdf/BCA/bck-777%20Family%20Backgrounder.pdf |title= Backgrounder: The Boeing 777 Family |date= 2014年5月 |publisher= Boeing Commercial Airplanes |access-date= 2018-06-04 |archive-date= 2019-07-13 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20190713054817/http://www.boeing.com/farnborough2014/pdf/BCA/bck-777%20Family%20Backgrounder.pdf |url-status= live|language=en}}</ref> |- !座位寬度 |colspan="4" | 一排9個座椅:{{convert|47|cm}}<br>一排10個座椅:{{convert|43|cm}} |- ! 載貨空間<ref name=Characteristics/> | {{convert|150.9|m3|cuft}} | colspan=2 | {{convert|201.6|m3|cuft}}{{efn|300ERSF:{{convert|819|m3|cuft}}<ref name=300ERSF/>}} | {{convert|150.9|m3|cuft}}{{efn|777F:{{convert|652.7|m3|cuft}}}} |- ! [[最大起飛重量]] | {{convert|545,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}}<br />200ER:{{convert|656,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}} | {{convert|660,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}} | {{convert|775,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}} | {{convert|766,800|lb|kg|disp=flip}} |- ! 最大降落重量 | {{convert|445,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}}<br />200ER:{{convert|470,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}} | {{convert|524,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}} | {{convert|554,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}} | {{convert|492,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}}<br />777F:{{convert|575,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}} |- ! 最大零油重量 | {{convert|420,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}}<br />200ER:{{convert|442,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}} | {{convert|495,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}} | {{convert|529,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}} | {{convert|461,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}}<br />777F:{{convert|547,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}} |- ! {{le|空重|Operating empty weight}} | {{convert|299550|lb|kg|disp=flip}}<br />200ER:{{convert|304500|lb|kg|disp=flip}} | {{convert|353800|lb|kg|disp=flip}} | {{convert|370,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}}<br />300ERSF:{{convert|{{#expr:558000-222000}}<!--MSFW - max PL-->|lb|kg|disp=flip}}<ref name=300ERSF>{{cite web |url= https://www.iai.co.il/drupal/sites/default/files/2019-12/777-300ERSF%20Brochure.pdf |title= 777-300ERSF Brochure |publisher= GECAS/IAI |date= 2020年 |access-date= 2020-10-29 |archive-date= 2020-11-28 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20201128165050/https://www.iai.co.il/drupal/sites/default/files/2019-12/777-300ERSF%20Brochure.pdf |url-status= live|language=en }}</ref> | {{convert|320,000|lb|kg|disp=flip}}<br />777F:{{convert|318300|lb|kg|disp=flip}} |- ! 最大燃油容量 | colspan=2 | {{convert|117340|L}} / {{convert|207700|lb|kg|disp=flip}}<br />200ER/300:{{convert|171171|L}} / {{convert|302270|lb|kg|disp=flip}} | colspan=2 | {{convert|181283|L}} / {{convert|320863|lb|kg|disp=flip}} |- ! 實用升限<ref name=TypeCert/> | colspan=4 | {{convert|43,100|ft|m|disp=flip}} |- ! 巡航速率 | colspan=4 | 最大:{{convert|0.87-0.89|Mach|0}}於{{convert|43100|ft|m|disp=flip}}巡航高度<ref name=TypeCert/><br>正常:{{convert|0.84|Mach|0}}於{{convert|43100|ft|m|disp=flip}}巡航高度 |- ! 最大航距<ref name=Characteristics/> | {{convert|5240|nmi}}{{efn|搭載遄達發動機,305名乘客}}<ref name=777_perf/><br />200ER:{{convert|7,065|nmi}}{{efn|313名乘客}} | {{convert|6,030|nmi}}{{efn|搭載GE90發動機,368名乘客}}<ref name=777_perf/> | {{convert|7,370|nmi}}{{efn|396名乘客}}<br />300ERSF:{{convert|4,650|nmi}}<ref name=300ERSF/> | {{convert|8,555|nmi}}{{efn|317名乘客}}<br/>777F:{{convert|4,970|nmi}}{{efn|102噸載貨量}} |- ! 起飛所需跑道長度{{efn|於最大起飛重量、海平面、以及[[国际标准大气|ISA]]狀態時}} | {{convert|8000|ft|m|disp=flip}}<br />200ER:{{convert|11100|ft|m|disp=flip}} | {{convert|10600|ft|m|disp=flip}} | {{convert|10000|ft|m|disp=flip}} | {{convert|9200|ft|m|disp=flip}}<br />777F:{{convert|9300|ft|m|disp=flip}} |- ! scope="row" | 發動機(x2) | [[普惠PW4000|PW4000]] / [[勞斯萊斯遄達800|遄達800]] / [[通用電氣GE90|GE90]] | PW4000 / 遄達800<ref name=TypeCert/> | GE90-115B<ref name=TypeCertEASA>{{cite web |url= https://www.easa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/dfu/TCDS_EASA%20IM%20A%20003_B777_%20Iss_15_2018-12-10.pdf |title= Type certificate data sheet No. EASA.IM.A.003 |publisher= [[欧盟航空安全局|EASA]] |date= 2018-12-10 |access-date= 2019-11-22 |archive-date=2018-12-23 |archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20181223195554/https://www.easa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/dfu/TCDS_EASA%20IM%20A%20003_B777_%20Iss_15_2018-12-10.pdf |url-status= dead|language=en }}</ref> | GE90-110B/-115B<ref name=TypeCertEASA/> |- ! 最大推力(x2) | {{convert|77,200|lbf|kN|disp=flip}}<br />200ER:{{convert|93,700|lbf|kN|disp=flip}} | {{convert|98,000|lbf|kN|disp=flip}} | {{convert|115,300|lbf|kN||disp=flip}} | {{convert|110,000-115,300|lbf|kN|disp=flip}} |- ! [[国际民用航空组织|ICAO]]代碼<ref name=ICAOcode>{{cite web|url=http://www.icao.int/publications/DOC8643/|title=ICAO Document 8643|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170607233652/https://www.icao.int/publications/DOC8643/ |archive-date=2017-06-07|publisher=[[国际民用航空组织]]|accessdate=2018-01-08|language=en}}</ref> ! B772 ! B773 ! B77W ! B77L |} [[File:B777FAMILYv1.1.png|thumb|left|upright=1.8|波音777之三視圖,左側為777-200ER,右側為777-300ER|alt=波音777的前視圖、側視圖和俯視圖的比較]] {{clear}} ==參見== {{Portal|航空|美國}} * [[波音777X]] * [[波音777运营商列表]] * [[波音777订单列表]] ;波音产品线 * [[波音707|B707]] - [[波音717|B717]] - [[波音720|B720]] - [[波音727|B727]] - [[波音737|B737]] - [[波音747|B747]] - [[波音757|B757]] - [[波音767|B767]] - [[波音777|B777]] - [[波音787|B787]] ;类似型号 * [[波音787]] * [[空中客车A330]] * [[空中客车A350]] * [[中国商飞C939]] ==參考資料== ===註釋=== {{notelist|35em}} ===引用=== {{Reflist|30em}} ===文獻=== {{Refbegin|30em}} * {{Cite book |last1= Abarbanel |first1= Robert |last2= McNeely |first2= William |year= 1996年 |title= FlyThru the Boeing 777 |location= 紐約 |publisher= ACM SIGGRAPH |isbn= 0-89791-784-7 |url-access= registration |url= https://archive.org/details/visualproceeding0000sigg|ref={{sfnref|Abarbanel|McNeely|1996}}|language=en}} * {{Cite book |last1= Birtles |first1= Philip |year= 1998年 |title= Boeing 777, Jetliner for a New Century |url= https://archive.org/details/boeing777jetline00unse |location= 明尼蘇達州聖保羅 |publisher=Motorbooks International |isbn= 0-7603-0581-1|ref={{sfnref|Birtles|1998}}|language=en}} * {{Cite book |last1= Birtles |first1= Philip |year= 1999年 |title= Modern Civil Aircraft: 6, Boeing 757/767/777 |edition=Third |location= 倫敦|publisher=Ian Allan Publishing |isbn= 0-7110-2665-3|ref={{sfnref|Birtles|1999}}|language=en}} * {{Cite book |editor-last= Eden |editor-first= Paul |year= 2008年 |title= Civil Aircraft Today: The World's Most Successful Commercial Aircraft |location= 倫敦|publisher=Amber Books Ltd |isbn= 978-1-84509-324-2|ref={{sfnref|Eden|2008}}|language=en}} * {{Cite book |last1= Frawley |first1= Gerard |year= 2003年 |title= The International Directory of Civil Aircraft 2003/2004 |url= https://archive.org/details/internationaldir0000fraw_q7f4 |location= 倫敦|publisher= Aerospace Publications |isbn= 1-875671-58-7|ref={{sfnref|Frawley|2003}}|language=en}} * {{Cite book |last1= Glenday |first1= Craig |year= 2007年 |title= Guinness World Records |location= 倫敦/紐約 |publisher=HiT Entertainment |isbn= 978-0-9735514-4-0|ref={{sfnref|Glenday|2007}}|language=en}} * {{cite book |last1=Newhouse |first1=John |year=2008年 |title=Boeing versus Airbus: The Inside Story of the Greatest International Competition in Business |url=https://archive.org/details/boeingversusairb00unse |location=倫敦|publisher=Vintage |isbn=978-1-4000-7872-1|ref={{sfnref|Newhouse|2008}}|language=en}} * {{Cite book |last1= Norris |first1= Guy |last2= Wagner |first2= Mark |year= 1996年 |title= Boeing 777 |location= St. Paul, Minnesota |publisher= Motorbooks International |isbn= 0-7603-0091-7 |url-access= registration |url= https://archive.org/details/boeing7770000norr|ref={{sfnref|Norris|Wagner|1996}}|language=en}} * {{Cite book |last1= Norris |first1= Guy |last2= Wagner |first2= Mark |year= 2001年 |title= Boeing 777: The Technological Marvel |url= https://archive.org/details/boeing777technol0000norr |location= 明尼蘇達州明尼阿波利斯 |publisher=Zenith Imprint |isbn= 0-7603-0890-X|ref={{sfnref|Norris|Wagner|2001}}|language=en}} * {{Cite book |last1= Norris |first1= Guy |last2= Wagner |first2= Mark |year= 2009年 |title= Boeing 787 Dreamliner |url= https://archive.org/details/boeing787dreamli0000norr |location= 威斯康星州奧西奧拉 |publisher= Zenith Press |isbn= 978-0-7603-2815-6|ref={{sfnref|Norris|Wagner|2009}}|language=en}} * {{Cite book |last1= Norris |first1= Guy |last2= Wagner |first2= Mark |year= 1999年 |title= Modern Boeing Jetliners |location= 明尼蘇達州明尼阿波利斯 |publisher=Zenith Imprint |isbn= 0-7603-0717-2|ref={{sfnref|Norris|Wagner|1999}}|language=en}} * {{Cite book |last1= Sabbagh |first1= Karl |year= 1995年 |title= 21st Century Jet: The Making of the Boeing 777 |url= https://archive.org/details/21stcenturyjetma00unse |location= 紐約 |publisher=Scribner |isbn= 0-333-59803-2|ref={{sfnref|Sabbagh|1995}}|language=en}} * {{Cite book |last1= Wells |first1= Alexander T. |last2= Rodrigues |first2= Clarence C. |year= 2004年 |title= Commercial Aviation Safety |url= https://archive.org/details/commercialaviati0000well_r5b9 |location= 紐約 |publisher=McGraw-Hill Professional |isbn= 0-07-141742-7|ref={{sfnref|Wells|Rodrigues|2004}}|language=en}} * {{Cite book |last1= Yenne |first1= Bill |year= 2002年 |title= Inside Boeing: Building the 777 |location= 明尼蘇達州明尼阿波利斯 |publisher= Zenith Press |isbn= 0-7603-1251-6|ref={{sfnref|Yenne|2002}}|language=en}} {{Refend}} ==外部連結== {{Commons|Boeing 777}} * {{Official website|https://www.boeing.com/commercial/777/}} {{波音客機}} {{Boeing7x7}} {{波音型號}} {{Authority control}} [[Category:波音777]] [[Category:波音飞机]] [[Category:干线客机]] [[Category:貨機]] [[Category:美國航空器]] [[Category:雙發噴射機]]
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