编辑“︁沼蛤”︁

{{Speciesbox
| image =
| taxon = Limnoperna fortunei
| authority = (Dunker, 1857) 
| synonyms_ref = <ref>{{GBIF|id=5855350|title=''Limnoperna fortunei'' (Dunker, 1857)access-date=2025-01-24}}</ref>
| synonyms = 
* ''Limnoperna coreana'' Park & Choi, 2008
* 湖沼股蛤 ''Limnoperna lacustris'' (E.von Martens, 1875)
* ''Modiola cambodgensis'' Clessin, 1888
* ''Modiola cambodjensis'' Clessin, 1889
* ''Modiola lacustris'' E.von Martens, 1875
* ''Mytilus martensi'' Neumayer, 1898
* ''Volsella fortunei'' Dunker, 1857
}}

'''沼蛤'''（[[学名]]：''{{lang|la|Limnoperna fortunei}}''），又稱'''淡水壳菜'''<ref name="2025.0133">{{cite journal |last1=Yang |first1=Xiao |last2=Kai |first2=Liu |last3=Yingcai |first3=Wang |last4=Yangyang |first4=Liu |last5=Xuan |first5=Zhou |last6=Jiankui |first6=Liang |last7=Qi |first7=Lei |last8=Juechun |first8=Li |last9=Rui |first9=Yang |last10=Ruilei |first10=Zhang |last11=Yu |first11=Peng |title=Analyzing sequence and morphological diversity of &lt;i&gt;Limnoperna&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt; &lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;fortune&lt;/i&gt;&lt;i&gt;i&lt;/i&gt; in the Yangtze River Basin based on DNA barcoding |journal=Journal of Lake Sciences |date=2025 |volume=37 |issue=1 |pages=194–203 |doi=10.18307/2025.0133}}</ref>、'''湖沼股蛤'''<ref name='id11257'>{{cite web| url =http://www.bioinfo.cn/db05/BjdwSpecies.php?action=view&id=11257| title =湖沼股蛤| work =《中国动物物种编目数据库》| publisher =中国科学院微生物研究所| author =中国科学院动物研究所| accessdate =2009-04-28| deadurl =yes| archiveurl =https://web.archive.org/web/20170202074255/http://www.bioinfo.cn/db05/BjdwSpecies.php?action=view&id=11257| archivedate =2017-02-02}}</ref>、'''河殼菜蛤'''，是[[软体动物门]][[双壳纲]][[贻贝目]][[壳菜蛤科]][[沼蛤屬]]的一种大型[[淡水生物|淡水]][[底栖动物]]。主要分布于[[韩国]]、[[中国大陆]]，常栖息在河流及河口[[半淡咸水]]区域。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://shell.sinica.edu.tw/chinese/shellbase_detail.php?science_no=2227|title=国际贝库：沼蛤|publisher=台湾贝类资料库|accessdate=2009-08-11|archive-date=2015-04-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150402131644/http://shell.sinica.edu.tw/chinese/shellbase_detail.php?science_no=2227|dead-url=no}}</ref>在[[台灣]]、[[香港]]及[[泰國]]等地為[[入侵物種]]，現時還意外被引入到[[南美洲]]。

==生活史==
沼蛤幼体阶段为浮游生活，能够依靠水流迅速扩散<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Magara |first1=Yasumoto |last2=Matsui |first2=Yoshihiko |last3=Goto |first3=Yoshinori |last4=Yuasa |first4=Akira |title=Invasion of the non-indigenous nuisance mussel, Limnoperna fortunei, into water supply facilities in Japan |journal=Journal of Water Supply: Research and Technology-Aqua |date=2001-05 |volume=50 |issue=3 |pages=113–124 |doi=10.2166/aqua.2001.0011}}</ref>。成体阶段为固着生活，利用足丝附着在基质上，附着力极强，难以移除<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Li |first1=Shiguo |last2=Xia |first2=Zhiqiang |last3=Chen |first3=Yiyong |last4=Gao |first4=Yangchun |last5=Zhan |first5=Aibin |title=Byssus Structure and Protein Composition in the Highly Invasive Fouling Mussel Limnoperna fortunei |journal=Frontiers in Physiology |date=2018-04-16 |volume=9 |doi=10.3389/fphys.2018.00418}}</ref>。这一特点使其會造成[[自來水廠]]、[[污水處理廠]]、[[水庫]]、[[發電廠]]等使用的管道阻塞<ref name="2025.0133" />。

==参考文献==
{{Commons category|Limnoperna fortunei}}
{{reflist|refs=
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q3267225|from2=Q15230360|from3=Q106039644|from4=Q106043363}}
[[Category:殼菜蛤屬|Z]]
[[Category:入侵軟體動物種|Z]]
[[Category: 1857年描述的动物|Z]]