编辑“︁扭伤”︁（章节）

=== 保守治疗 ===
根据受伤途径、关节症状<!--joint involvement-->和严重程度，大多数扭伤可在受伤后24小时内采取“{{le|RICE治疗法|RICE (medicine)}}”采取保守措施进行治疗。<ref>{{MedicalMnemonics|235|||}}</ref>然而，重要的是要认识到，治疗应根据患者的具体损伤和症状进行个体化。<ref>{{Cite journal|last=van den Bekerom|first=Michel P.J|last2=Struijs|first2=Peter A.A|last3=Blankevoort|first3=Leendert|last4=Welling|first4=Lieke|last5=van Dijk|first5=C. Niek|last6=Kerkhoffs|first6=Gino M.M.J|date=August 2012|title=What Is the Evidence for Rest, Ice, Compression, and Elevation Therapy in the Treatment of Ankle Sprains in Adults?|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-athletic-training_2012-08_47_4/page/435|journal=Journal of Athletic Training|volume=47|issue=4|pages=435–443|doi=10.4085/1062-6050-47.4.14|issn=1062-6050|pmc=3396304|pmid=22889660}}</ref>[[非甾体抗炎药]]（NSAID）等非处方药可以帮助缓解疼痛，外用非甾体抗炎药可以与口服药物一样有效。<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Derry S, Moore RA, Gaskell H, McIntyre M, Wiffen PJ | title = Topical NSAIDs for acute musculoskeletal pain in adults | journal = The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews | volume = 6 | issue = 6 | pages = CD007402 | date = June 2015 | pmid = 26068955 | doi = 10.1002/14651858.CD007402.pub3 | pmc = 6426435 }}</ref>

* 保护（Protect）： 应加以保护和固定受伤部位，因为韧带再次受伤的风险增加。<ref name=":1">{{cite journal | vauthors = Bleakley CM, O'Connor SR, Tully MA, Rocke LG, Macauley DC, Bradbury I, Keegan S, McDonough SM | title = Effect of accelerated rehabilitation on function after ankle sprain: randomised controlled trial | journal = BMJ | volume = 340 | issue = may10 1 | pages = c1964 | date = May 2010 | pmid = 20457737 | doi = 10.1136/bmj.c1964 | doi-access = free }}</ref>
* 休息（Rest）：应固定受影响的关节，并尽量减少负重。例如，{{le|踝关节扭伤|sprained ankle|脚踝扭伤}}时应限制[[行走]].<ref name="AAOS">{{cite web |url=http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00150 |title=Sprained Ankle |access-date=2008-04-01 |date=March 2005 |publisher=American [[Orthopedic]] Foot and Ankle Society |archive-date=2017-11-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171115082907/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00150 |dead-url=no }}</ref>
*冰敷（Ice）：为了减少肿胀和疼痛，应立即在扭伤处敷冰块。<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Hubbard|first=Tricia J.|last2=Denegar|first2=Craig R.|date=2004|title=Does Cryotherapy Improve Outcomes With Soft Tissue Injury?|url=https://archive.org/details/sim_journal-of-athletic-training_2004-09_39_3/page/278|journal=Journal of Athletic Training|volume=39|issue=3|pages=278–279|issn=1062-6050|pmid=15496998|pmc=522152}}</ref>冰可以一天敷3-4次，每次10-15分钟，或直到肿胀消退，并且可以同时进行包扎。<ref name="AAOS" /> 冰也可以用于止痛，但为此目的只能在短时间内使用（少于20分钟）。<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Cramer H, Ostermann T, Dobos G | title = Injuries and other adverse events associated with yoga practice: A systematic review of epidemiological studies | journal = Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport | volume = 21 | issue = 2 | pages = 147–154 | date = February 2018 | pmid = 28958637 | doi = 10.1016/j.jsams.2017.08.026 }}</ref> 长时间暴露于冰中会减少流向受伤区域的血流量，减缓愈合过程。<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Singh|first=Daniel P.|last2=Barani Lonbani|first2=Zohreh|last3=Woodruff|first3=Maria A.|last4=Parker|first4=Tony J.|last5=Steck|first5=Roland|last6=Peake|first6=Jonathan M.|date=2017-03-07|title=Effects of Topical Icing on Inflammation, Angiogenesis, Revascularization, and Myofiber Regeneration in Skeletal Muscle Following Contusion Injury|journal=Frontiers in Physiology|volume=8|pages=93|doi=10.3389/fphys.2017.00093|issn=1664-042X|pmc=5339266|pmid=28326040}}</ref>
* 加压（Compression）：应使用敷料、绷带固定扭伤部位并提供支持保护。包裹伤口时，应在伤口的末端施加更大的压力，并沿心脏方向减小压力。这有助于血液从四肢循环到心脏。通过{{le|冷压疗法|cold compression therapy}}仔细处理肿胀是愈合过程中的关键，它可以防止扭伤部位进一步积液。但是，加压不应妨碍肢体的循环。<ref name="AAOS" />
* 抬高（Elevation）：保持扭伤关节抬高（高于心脏），可以减少肿胀。<ref name="AAOS" />

其他非手术疗法如{{le|连续被动运动|Continuous passive motion}}（{{lang|en|continuous passive motion，CPM}}）在减轻肿胀和改善活动范围方面都是有效的。<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Liao|first=Chun-De|last2=Tsauo|first2=Jau-Yih|last3=Huang|first3=Shih-Wei|last4=Chen|first4=Hung-Chou|last5=Chiu|first5=Yen-Shuo|last6=Liou|first6=Tsan-Hon|date=April 2019|title=Preoperative range of motion and applications of continuous passive motion predict outcomes after knee arthroplasty in patients with arthritis|journal=Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy|volume=27|issue=4|pages=1259–1269|doi=10.1007/s00167-018-5257-z|issn=1433-7347|pmid=30523369}}</ref>