编辑“︁自殺”︁（章节）

==历史==
[[File:106 Conrad Cichorius, Die Reliefs der Traianssäule, Tafel CVI.jpg|thumb|left|200px|[[德凯巴鲁斯]]自杀身亡，来源于[[图拉真柱]]]]
{{main|自殺的歷史}}
在[[古雅典|古雅典时期]]，未经国家允许就擅自自杀者，无法获得举行正常葬礼的权利。他将被单独埋在城市边缘处，没有墓碑或任何标记。<ref>{{cite book|last=Szasz|first=Thomas|title=Fatal freedom : the ethics and politics of suicide|year=1999|publisher=Praeger|location=Westport, Conn.|isbn=978-0-275-96646-1|page=11|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=5AqzlMdurkcC&pg=PA11|access-date=2014-02-02|archive-date=2020-06-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200619183757/https://books.google.ca/books?id=5AqzlMdurkcC&pg=PA11&hl=en|dead-url=no}}</ref>在[[古希腊]]和[[古罗马]]时期，自杀是军队战败后可接受的死法。<ref name=Maris2000>{{cite book|last=Maris|first=Ronald|title=Comprehensive textbook of suicidology|year=2000|publisher=Guilford Press|location=New York [u.a.]|isbn=978-1-57230-541-0|pages=97–103|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Zi-xoFAPnPMC&pg=PA97|access-date=2017-05-09|archive-date=2021-05-09|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210509014053/https://books.google.com/books?id=Zi-xoFAPnPMC&pg=PA97}}</ref>在古罗马，尽管自杀行为最初获得许可，但日后却由于其经济成本被视作一種罪行。<ref>{{cite book|last=Dickinson|first=Michael R. Leming, George E.|title=Understanding dying, death, and bereavement|publisher=Wadsworth Cengage Learning|location=Belmont, CA|isbn=978-0-495-81018-6|page=290|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=L8ETDRsB8ZYC&pg=PA290|edition=7th|access-date=2014-02-02|archive-date=2020-05-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200519201528/https://books.google.ca/books?id=L8ETDRsB8ZYC&pg=PA290&hl=en|dead-url=no}}</ref>法国[[路易十四]]于1670年颁布的一项刑法条例对自杀人群的惩罚则更为残酷：死者尸体将被拖入市区街道，面朝土地被倒挂起来，然后被扔入垃圾堆。另外，此人的所有财产也将被没收。<ref>{{cite book|author1=W. S. F. Pickering|author2=Geoffrey Walford|title=Durkheim's Suicide : a century of research and debate|year=2000|publisher=Routledge|location=London [u.a.]|isbn=978-0-415-20582-5|page=69|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9KQO6dGY1cwC&pg=PA69|edition=1st|deadurl=no|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160402063717/https://books.google.com/books?id=9KQO6dGY1cwC&pg=PA69|archive-date=2016-04-02|df=}}</ref><ref name=Maris540>{{cite book|last=Maris|first=Ronald|title=Comprehensive textbook of suicidology|year=2000|publisher=Guilford Press|location=New York [u.a.]|isbn=978-1-57230-541-0|page=540|url=http://books.google.ca/books?id=Zi-xoFAPnPMC&pg=PA540|access-date=2014-02-02|archive-date=2020-06-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200614230123/https://books.google.ca/books?id=Zi-xoFAPnPMC&pg=PA540&hl=en|dead-url=no}}</ref>在历史的长河中，自杀未遂的[[天主教会]]人士将被[[逐出教会]]，且自杀而死的人群则被埋在神圣墓地之外。<ref name=McL2007/>在19世纪末期的英国，自杀未遂被等同于[[谋杀未遂]]，当事人可以被判绞刑致死。<ref name=McL2007/>而在19世纪的欧洲，导致自杀行为的原因从最初的[[罪 (宗教)|罪]]转变为由[[精神错乱]]所导致。<ref name=Maris540/>
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