编辑“︁氮”︁（章节）

===氮气===
虽然氮气无毒，但它在封闭环境中可以取代氧气，使人窒息。由于人体[[颈动脉体]]对缺氧较不敏感，所以不容易感觉到氮气导致的窒息。<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bath.ac.uk/internal/bio-sci/bbsafe/asphyx.htm |title=Biology Safety&nbsp;– Cryogenic materials. The risks posed by them |publisher=University of Bath |access-date=2007-01-03 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070206095504/http://www.bath.ac.uk/internal/bio-sci/bbsafe/asphyx.htm |archive-date=February 6, 2007 }}</ref>在[[STS-1]]发射不久前的1981年3月19日，两位技术人员因氮气窒息而死。<ref>{{cite news| title = Space Shuttle Columbia Fast Facts| url = http://www.cnn.com/2013/09/30/us/space-shuttle-columbia-fast-facts| date = September 30, 2013| publisher = CNN| access-date = January 20, 2016| archive-date = February 2, 2016| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20160202181327/http://www.cnn.com/2013/09/30/us/space-shuttle-columbia-fast-facts| url-status = live}}</ref>

吸入高[[气体分压]]（压强超过4[[巴]]，或是[[水肺潜水]]超过30米处）的氮气会导致[[氮醉]]，其症状类似吸入[[笑气]]之后的症状。<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Fowler|first1=B.|last2=Ackles|first2=K. N.|last3=Porlier|first3=G.|title=Effects of inert gas narcosis on behavior – a critical review|journal=Undersea Biomed. Res.|volume=12|issue=4|pages=369–402|year=1985|pmid=4082343|url=http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/3019|access-date=2008-09-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101225052236/http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/3019|archive-date=2010-12-25|url-status=usurped}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|author=Rogers, W. H.|author2=Moeller, G.|title=Effect of brief, repeated hyperbaric exposures on susceptibility to nitrogen narcosis|journal=Undersea Biomed. Res.|volume=16|issue=3|pages=227–32|year=1989|oclc=2068005|pmid=2741255|url=http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/2522|access-date=2008-09-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090901020853/http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/2522|archive-date=2009-09-01|url-status=usurped}}</ref>

氮气可溶于[[血液]]和脂肪。快速减压（例如潜水员上浮过快）会使氮气气泡在人体各处形成，引起可致命的[[减压症]]。<ref name="DCShx">{{Cite journal|last=Acott|first=C.|title=A brief history of diving and decompression illness|journal=South Pacific Underwater Medicine Society Journal|volume=29|issue=2|year=1999|oclc=16986801|url=http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/6004|access-date=2008-09-21|archive-date=2011-09-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110905152645/http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/6004|url-status=usurped}}</ref><ref name="Kindwall">{{Cite journal|last1=Kindwall|first1=E. P.|last2=Baz|first2=A.|last3=Lightfoot|first3=E. N.|last4=Lanphier|first4=E. H.|last5=Seireg|first5=A.|title=Nitrogen elimination in man during decompression|journal=Undersea Biomed. Res.|volume=2|issue=4|pages=285–97|year=1975|oclc=2068005|pmid=1226586|url=http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/2741|access-date=2008-09-21|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727224419/http://archive.rubicon-foundation.org/2741|archive-date=2011-07-27|url-status=usurped}}</ref>除了二氧化碳和氧气以外的其它气体都会导致减压症，所以把{{le|呼吸气体|breathing gas}}中的氮气替换成其它气体只能防止氮醉，不能防止减压症。<ref name="usn1">{{Cite book|title=US Navy Diving Manual, 6th revision|date=2006|publisher=US Naval Sea Systems Command|location=United States|url=http://www.supsalv.org/00c3_publications.asp?destPage=00c3&pageID=3.9|access-date=2008-04-24|archive-date=2008-05-02|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080502023541/http://www.supsalv.org/00c3_publications.asp?destPage=00c3&pageId=3.9|url-status=live}}</ref>