编辑“︁刺猬”︁（章节）

=== 疾病 ===
[[File:Hedgehog_suffering_from_balloon_syndrome_before_deflating_2.jpg|alt= caption|thumb|一只患上气球综合征的刺猬，其身体因皮下气体的积聚而膨胀。|left]]
刺猬有许多与人类类似的疾病<ref>{{cite web|title=List of Hedgehog diseases|url=http://www.wildlifeinformation.org/Preview_WildPro/List_Vols/Complete_Hedgehog/List_UKHedgehog_Disease.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100726153202/http://www.wildlifeinformation.org/Preview_WildPro/List_Vols/Complete_Hedgehog/List_UKHedgehog_Disease.htm|archive-date=2010-07-26|access-date=2009-03-08|publisher=Wildlifeinformation.org}}</ref>，例如[[癌症]]、[[脂肪肝]]和[[心血管疾病]]。

刺猬罹患癌症的情况十分普遍，其中最常见的是[[鳞状细胞癌]]，这种癌症从患病刺猬骨头转移至其器官的速度很快。通常不会用手术切除肿瘤，因为这可能会移除过多的骨组织。

一般认为刺猬的脂肪肝源自其不良饮食。刺猬喜好高糖高脂肪的食物，但它们的[[代谢|新陈代谢]]是适应于低脂肪、高蛋白的昆虫为主食的，因此高糖高脂肪食物会引发肥胖问题。这种不良饮食习惯除了导致脂肪肝外，还可能导致[[心脏病]]。

刺猬患[[肺炎]]的情况也十分常见。与人类类似，患上肺炎的刺猬呼吸困难，鼻腔产生分泌物。<ref>{{Cite web|title=Hedgehogs - Diseases|url=http://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/hedgehogs-diseases|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201124165556/https://vcahospitals.com/know-your-pet/hedgehogs-diseases|archive-date=2020-11-24|access-date=2020-11-02|website=vca_corporate|language=en}}</ref>导致刺猬患上肺炎的病原菌是{{Le|支氣管敗血性博德氏桿菌|Bordetella bronchiseptica}}（''Bordetella bronchiseptica''）。<ref>{{Cite web|title=Common Diseases Of Hedgehogs|url=https://www.bowmanvilleveterinaryclinic.com/common-diseases-of-hedgehogs|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201106193202/https://www.bowmanvilleveterinaryclinic.com/common-diseases-of-hedgehogs|archive-date=2020-11-06|access-date=2020-11-02|website=Bowmanville Veterinary Clinic|language=en-US}}</ref>

在较为罕见的情况下，刺猬也会传播[[真菌]]皮肤病给人类或其它刺猬。这是由刺猬[[毛癬菌屬|毛癣菌]]（''Trichophyton erinacei''）引发的[[皮癬菌病|皮癣菌病]]，该病菌属于皮肤癣霉菌（''Arthroderma benhamiae''）的一个特有交配群。<ref>{{cite journal |last=Takahashi |first=Yoko |author2=Ayako Sano |author3=Kayoko Takizawa |author4=Kazutaka Fukushima |author5=Makoto Miyaji |author6=Kazuko Nishimura |year=2003 |title=The epidemiology and mating behavior of ''Arthroderma benhamiae'' var. ''erinacei'' in household four-toed hedgehogs (''Atelerix albiventris'') in Japan |url=http://www.jsmm.org/common/jjmm44-1_031.pdf |url-status=live |journal=Japanese Journal of Medical Mycology |volume=44 |issue=1 |pages=31–8 |doi=10.3314/jjmm.44.31 |pmid=12590257 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20031101220005/http://www.jsmm.org/common/jjmm44-1_031.pdf |archive-date=2003-11-01 |doi-access=free}}</ref>

刺猬也可能患上{{Le|气球综合征|Balloon syndrome}}，一种因受伤或感染导致气体被困于皮肤下方，导致身体膨胀的疾病。<ref name="British Hedgehog Preservation Society">{{cite web|last=Forshaw|first=Hugh|title=' Care and Treatment of Sick and Injured Hedgehogs|url=http://britishhedgehogs.org.uk/leaflets/L8-Care-and-Treatment.pdf#page=14|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130412082914/http://www.britishhedgehogs.org.uk/leaflets/L8-Care-and-Treatment.pdf|archive-date=2013-04-12|access-date=2017-06-11|website=britishhedgehogs.org.uk|publisher=British Hedgehog Preservation Society}}</ref>