编辑“︁OpenCL”︁（章节）

== 历史 ==
OpenCL最初由[[苹果公司]]开发，拥有其商标权，并在与[[AMD]]，[[IBM]]，[[Intel]]和[[NVIDIA]]技术团队的合作之下初步完善。随后，苹果将这一草案提交至[[Khronos Group]]。2008年6月16日，Khronos的通用计算工作小组成立<ref>{{cite press release |url=http://www.khronos.org/news/press/releases/khronos_launches_heterogeneous_computing_initiative/ |title=Khronos Launches Heterogeneous Computing Initiative |accessdate=2008-06-18 |publisher=Khronos Group |date=2008-06-16 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080620123431/http://www.khronos.org/news/press/releases/khronos_launches_heterogeneous_computing_initiative/ |archivedate=2008-06-20 }}</ref>。5个月后的2008年11月18日，该工作组完成了OpenCL 1.0规范的技术细节<ref name=macWorld>{{cite web | url=http://www.macworld.com/article/136921/2008/11/opencl.html?lsrc=top_2 | title=OpenCL gets touted in Texas | publisher=MacWorld | date=2008-11-20 | accessdate=2009-06-12 | archive-date=2009-02-18 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090218165557/http://www.macworld.com/article/136921/2008/11/opencl.html?lsrc=top_2 | dead-url=no }}</ref>。该技术规范在由Khronos成员进行审查之后，于2008年12月8日公开发表<ref name=khronosGroup>{{cite press release | url=http://www.khronos.org/news/press/releases/the_khronos_group_releases_opencl_1.0_specification/ | title=The Khronos Group Releases OpenCL 1.0 Specification | publisher=Khronos Group | date=2008-12-08 | accessdate=2009-06-12 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100713014204/http://www.khronos.org/news/press/releases/the_khronos_group_releases_opencl_1.0_specification/ | archivedate=2010-07-13 }}</ref>。

2010年6月14日，OpenCL 1.1发布<ref>{{cite press release | url=http://www.khronos.org/news/press/releases/khronos-group-releases-opencl-1-1-parallel-computing-standard/ | title=Khronos Drives Momentum of Parallel Computing Standard with Release of OpenCL 1.1 Specification | publisher=Khronos Group | date=2010-06-14 | accessdate=2010-10-13 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100923101844/http://www.khronos.org/news/press/releases/khronos-group-releases-opencl-1-1-parallel-computing-standard | archivedate=2010-09-23 }}</ref>。2011年11月15日，OpenCL 1.2发布<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.khronos.org/news/press/khronos-releases-opencl-1.2-specification |title=Khronos Releases OpenCL 1.2 Specification |publisher=Khronos Group |date=November 15, 2011 |access-date=June 23, 2015 |archive-date=2020-12-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201202103240/https://www.khronos.org/news/press/khronos-releases-opencl-1.2-specification |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2013年11月18日，OpenCL 2.0发布<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.khronos.org/news/press/khronos-finalizes-opencl-2.0-specification-for-heterogeneous-computing |title=Khronos Finalizes OpenCL 2.0 Specification for Heterogeneous Computing |date=November 18, 2013 |access-date=February 10, 2014 |publisher=Khronos Group |archive-date=2020-11-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201111201527/https://www.khronos.org/news/press/khronos-finalizes-opencl-2.0-specification-for-heterogeneous-computing |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2015年11月16日，OpenCL 2.1发布<ref>{{cite web |title=Khronos Releases OpenCL 2.1 and SPIR-V 1.0 Specifications for Heterogeneous Parallel Programming |url=https://www.khronos.org/news/press/khronos-releases-opencl-2.1-and-spir-v-1.0-specifications-for-heterogeneous |publisher=Khronos Group |access-date=November 16, 2015 |date=November 16, 2015 |archive-date=2020-11-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201108122543/https://www.khronos.org/news/press/khronos-releases-opencl-2.1-and-spir-v-1.0-specifications-for-heterogeneous |dead-url=no }}</ref>。2017年5月16日，OpenCL 2.2发布<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.khronos.org/news/press/khronos-releases-opencl-2.2-with-spir-v-1.2 |title=Khronos Releases OpenCL 2.2 With SPIR-V 1.2 |date=May 16, 2017 |publisher=[[Khronos Group]] |access-date=2024-10-13 |archive-date=2021-01-18 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210118110308/https://www.khronos.org/news/press/khronos-releases-opencl-2.2-with-spir-v-1.2 |dead-url=no }}</ref>。

=== 路线图 ===
在2017年5月发行OpenCL 2.2之时，Khronos Group宣布OpenCL将尽可能的汇合于[[Vulkan]]，以确使OpenCL软件在这两种API上灵活部署<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.pcper.com/reviews/General-Tech/Breaking-OpenCL-Merging-Roadmap-Vulkan|title=Breaking: OpenCL Merging Roadmap into Vulkan &#124; PC Perspective|website=www.pcper.com|access-date=May 17, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171101062642/https://www.pcper.com/reviews/General-Tech/Breaking-OpenCL-Merging-Roadmap-Vulkan|archive-date=November 1, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>。这已经由Adobe的Premiere Rush展示出来，它使用clspv开源编译器<ref name=":4">{{Citation|title=Clspv is a compiler for OpenCL C to Vulkan compute shaders|date=2019-08-17|url=https://github.com/google/clspv|access-date=2024-10-14|archive-date=2020-11-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201128054700/https://github.com/google/clspv|dead-url=no}}</ref>，编译了大量OpenCL C内核代码，使其在部署于Android的Vulkan运行时系统上运行<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.khronos.org/assets/uploads/developers/library/2019-siggraph/Vulkan-01-Update-SIGGRAPH-Jul19.pdf|title=Vulkan Update SIGGRAPH 2019|access-date=2024-10-13|archive-date=2019-08-20|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190820222456/https://www.khronos.org/assets/uploads/developers/library/2019-siggraph/Vulkan-01-Update-SIGGRAPH-Jul19.pdf|dead-url=no}}</ref>。

OpenCL拥有独立于Vulkan的前瞻性路线图<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=siggraph-2018-khr&num=2|title=SIGGRAPH 2018: OpenCL-Next Taking Shape, Vulkan Continues Evolving – Phoronix|website=www.phoronix.com|access-date=2024-10-13|archive-date=2020-10-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201028152042/https://www.phoronix.com/scan.php?page=article&item=siggraph-2018-khr&num=2|dead-url=no}}</ref>，即曾意图在2020年发行的“OpenCL Next”<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.khronos.org/assets/uploads/developers/library/2019-embedded-vision-summit/1b%20Khronos-and-OpenCL-Overview-EVS-Workshop_May19.pdf|title=Khronos and OpenCL Overview EVS Workshop May19|last=Trevett|first=Neil|date=May 23, 2019|website=Khronos Group|access-date=2024-10-13|archive-date=2020-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200717035519/https://www.khronos.org/assets/uploads/developers/library/2019-embedded-vision-summit/1b%20Khronos-and-OpenCL-Overview-EVS-Workshop_May19.pdf|dead-url=no}}</ref>，它可以集成于扩展诸如Vulkan/OpenCL互操作、Scratch-Pad内存管理、扩展子组、SPIR-V 1.4摄入和SPIR-V扩展调试信息；OpenCL还在考虑类似Vulkan的装载器和分层以及“灵活配置”，以便在多种加速类型上灵活部署。

=== OpenCL 3.0 ===
在2020年8月30日，发行了最终的OpenCL 3.0规范<ref>{{Cite web|url = https://www.khronos.org/blog/opencl-3.0-specification-finalized-and-initial-khronos-open-source-opencl-sdk-released|title = OpenCL 3.0 Specification Finalized and Initial Khronos Open Source OpenCL SDK Released|date = September 30, 2020|access-date = 2024-10-14|archive-date = 2020-09-30|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200930143119/https://www.khronos.org/blog/opencl-3.0-specification-finalized-and-initial-khronos-open-source-opencl-sdk-released|dead-url = no}}</ref>。OpenCL 1.2功能已经成为强制性基准，而所有OpenCL 2.x和OpenCL 3.0特征变为可选项<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.phoronix.com/review/opencl-30-spec|title=OpenCL 3.0 Bringing Greater Flexibility, Async DMA Extensions|website=www.phoronix.com|access-date=2024-10-13|archive-date=2024-05-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240506194730/https://www.phoronix.com/review/opencl-30-spec|dead-url=no}}</ref>。这个规范保留了“OpenCL C”语言<ref>{{cite web |last1=Munshi |first1=Aaftab |last2=Howes |first2=Lee |last3=Sochaki |first3=Barosz |title=The OpenCL C Specification Version: 3.0 Document Revision: V3.0.7 |url=https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenCL/specs/3.0-unified/pdf/OpenCL_C.pdf |publisher=Khronos OpenCL Working Group |access-date=Apr 28, 2021 |date=Apr 27, 2020 |archive-date=September 20, 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200920173143/https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenCL/specs/3.0-unified/pdf/OpenCL_C.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref>，并废弃了版本2.1介入的“OpenCL C++”内核语言<ref>{{cite web|last1=Sochacki|first1=Bartosz|title=The OpenCL C++ 1.0 Specification|url=https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenCL/specs/opencl-2.2-cplusplus.pdf|publisher=Khronos OpenCL Working Group|access-date=Jul 19, 2019|date=Jul 19, 2019|archive-date=2021-03-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210306212145/https://www.khronos.org/registry/OpenCL/specs/2.2/pdf/OpenCL_Cxx.pdf|dead-url=no}}</ref>，将其替代为“C++ for OpenCL”语言<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=C++ for OpenCL, OpenCL-Guide|url=https://github.com/KhronosGroup/OpenCL-Guide/blob/main/chapters/cpp_for_opencl.md|access-date=2021-04-18|website=GitHub|language=en|archive-date=2025-01-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250108213646/https://github.com/KhronosGroup/OpenCL-Guide/blob/main/chapters/cpp_for_opencl.md|dead-url=no}}</ref>，它基于了[[Clang]]/[[LLVM]]编译器，实现了[[C++17]]的子集和{{le|标准可移植中间表示|Standard Portable Intermediate Representation|SPIR-V}}中间代码。C++ for OpenCL版本1.0的官方文档在2020年12月发表<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 2020|title=Release of Documentation of C++ for OpenCL kernel language, version 1.0, revision 1 · KhronosGroup/OpenCL-Docs|url=https://github.com/KhronosGroup/OpenCL-Docs/releases/tag/cxxforopencl-v1.0-r1|access-date=2021-04-18|website=GitHub|language=en|archive-date=2024-12-16|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241216064559/https://github.com/KhronosGroup/OpenCL-Docs/releases/tag/cxxforopencl-v1.0-r1|dead-url=no}}</ref>，它后向兼容于OpenCL C 2.0。

在{{le|IWOCL}} 21上发布的OpenCL 3.0.7，提出了C++ for OpenCL的新版本和一些Khronos openCL扩展<ref>{{Cite web |last=Trevett |first=Neil |date=2021 |title=State of the Union: OpenCL Working Group |url=https://www.iwocl.org/wp-content/uploads/k03-iwocl-syclcon-2021-trevett-updated.mp4.pdf |page=9 |access-date=2024-10-13 |archive-date=2024-07-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240716180733/https://www.iwocl.org/wp-content/uploads/k03-iwocl-syclcon-2021-trevett-updated.mp4.pdf |dead-url=no }}</ref>。在2021年12月，发行了C++ for OpenCL版本2021<ref>{{cite web |title=The C++ for OpenCL 1.0 and 2021 Programming Language Documentation |url=https://github.com/KhronosGroup/OpenCL-Docs/releases/tag/cxxforopencl-docrev2021.12 |publisher=Khronos OpenCL Working Group |access-date=Dec 2, 2022 |date=Dec 20, 2021 |archive-date=2025-01-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20250126162657/https://github.com/KhronosGroup/OpenCL-Docs/releases/tag/cxxforopencl-docrev2021.12 |dead-url=no }}</ref>，它完全兼容于OpenCL 3.0标准。NVIDIA密切协作于Khronos OpenCL工作组，通过信号量和内存共享改进了[[Vulkan]]互操作<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/using-semaphore-and-memory-sharing-extensions-for-vulkan-interop-with-opencl/|title=Using Semaphore and Memory Sharing Extensions for Vulkan Interop with NVIDIA OpenCL|date=February 24, 2022|access-date=2024-10-13|archive-date=2022-07-06|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220706061023/https://developer.nvidia.com/blog/using-semaphore-and-memory-sharing-extensions-for-vulkan-interop-with-opencl/|dead-url=no}}</ref>。小更新3.0.14版本，具有缺陷修正和针对多设备的一个新扩展<ref>{{cite web | url=https://www.phoronix.com/news/OpenCL-3.0.14 | title=OpenCL 3.0.14 Released with New Extension for Command Buffer Multi-Device | access-date=2024-10-13 | archive-date=2024-10-08 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20241008120142/https://www.phoronix.com/news/OpenCL-3.0.14 | dead-url=no }}</ref>。